Lp L lun v phng php dy hc b mn Ton k17

Cn Th, 2011

















M
6.7a




Trng Cm Nang

Th thut vi Mathtype
Cm Nang - 1 -

NI DUNG

1. nh dng cng thc ton hng lot ...................................................................... 2
1.1. To cc nh dng mu.................................................................................. 2
1.1.1. nh dng font cho cc i tng ton hc.............................................. 2
1.1.2. nh dng size ch cho cc i tng ton hc ........................................ 3
1.2. Lu li nh dng mu ................................................................................... 3
1.3. S dng nh dng mu g cng thc ton................................................. 3
1.4. nh dng cng thc hng lot hoc c vn bn ti liu.................................. 4
2. Lu cng thc vo cc thanh cng c truy xut nhanh hn ............................... 4
3. Mt s t hp phm tt thng dng trong Mathtype............................................ 5
4. nh dng tab dng, dng vn bn trong cng thc ton....................................... 7
5. Nhng code T
E
X thng dng g cng thc trong Mathtype ............................ 8
6. To s th t cho biu thc ton hc hoc i tng bt k ................................ 10
6.1. Ty chnh nh dng nh s ....................................................................... 10
6.2. Cch nh s th t..................................................................................... 10
6.3. Tham chiu ti v tr cng thc to s th t........................................... 11
6.4. Ty chnh s th t section, chapter ............................................................ 11
7. Chn cng thc ton ln cc din n, blog hay email.......................................... 12

Th thut vi Mathtype
Cm Nang - 2 -
1. nh dng cng thc ton hng lot
1.1. To cc nh dng mu
1.1.1. nh dng font cho cc i tng ton hc
Trong mi trng MS Word, m Mathtype ln ( phm tt: Ctrl+Alt+Q), vo th
Style, chn Define v chuyn qua th Advanced vo nh dng font ch cho
cc i tng nh hnh sau (i vi ngi dng c bn):

Text: chn font ca bng m VNI (font c tn bt u l Vni-), hoc TCVN
(.Vn-) g c ting Vit. Chn kiu ch trnh by bng cch check vo 2
bn cnh, gm in nghing Italic v m Bold.
Function (hm s): chn font ty , nn chn font ch ging nh font dng g
vn bn ca ti liu.
Variable (bin s): chn font ty , nn chn ging font ca Function. Nn chn
kiu ch l Italic.
Cc k hiu ton hc khc (gm L.C. Greek, U.C.Greek, Symbol): nn chn font
ging nhau, hoc tt c l Symbol hoc Euclide symbol.
Vector matrix v Number: nn chn font ging nh font ca Function.
Extra Math: nn chn MT Extra hoc Euclide Extra.
Trong ca s lnh ny, c 3 lnh chng ta cn lu , l Factory setting - tr
v cc nh dng mc nh ca Mathtype; Use for new equation - s dng cc
thit lp ny khi to cc cng thc mi; v Apply - cho ta xem trc kt qu ca
cc ty chn.
Th thut vi Mathtype
Cm Nang - 3 -
Cc ty chn cn li nn gi nguyn. Sau , chn OK hon thnh cc ty
chn v chuyn sang nh dng size ch.
1.1.2. nh dng size ch cho cc i tng ton hc
Trn thanh menu lnh, vo th Size, chn Define vo nh dng nh hnh
sau (i vi ngi dng c bn):

Full (bin hoc hm thng thng): nn chn ging vi size dng trong ti liu,
thng thng ta chn size 13, n v pt.
Subscript/superscript (ch s trn, di): nn chn size 10 pt.
Sub-Subscript/superscript (ch s trn, di cp 2): nn chn size 8 pt.
Symbol: gi nguyn, tc 150% so vi size ca Full.
Sub-symbol: mc nh.
Tng t nh nh dng font cho cc lnh Factory setting, Use for new equation
v Apply.
Cc ty chn khc gi nguyn, sau chn OK hon thnh cc ty chn.
1.2. Lu li nh dng mu
Trn thanh menu lnh, vo th Preference, chn Equation preference, chn tip
lnh Save to file trong danh sch, sau , nhp tn cho nh dng mu ,
c lu mc nh trong th mc m ra, khng nn sa ng dn ny. Chng
hn, lu vi tn Times 13-10-8.
1.3. S dng nh dng mu g cng thc ton
Mun s dng cc nh dng no, ta ch cn vo th Preference, chn mu, nu
c, trong danh sch lit k (cc dng di cng ca s lnh, thng thng c 4
mu); hoc chn Equation preference, tip theo chn Load from file, sau ,
chn nh dng mu mun s dng.
Lu . Mathtype cng to sn mt s nh dng mu, chng hn mu nh dng
ca font Euclide, rt ging font dng son vi Latex.
Ta nn ty chnh li nh sau:
Th thut vi Mathtype
Cm Nang - 4 -
Th Advanced, lnh Text, chn font ChuVanAn (Vni) - font Euclide dng g
ting Vit; b du chn kiu ch cho L.C.Greek.
Th Size nh dng l 12-8-6 l c.
Lu li nh dng mu vi tn mi.


1.4. nh dng cng thc hng lot hoc c vn bn ti liu
Chn on vn bn cn nh dng li cng thc ton (nu chuyn i c ti liu
th khng cn thit phi chn ht ti liu), trong file Word, vo th Mathtype,
chn Format Equations. Trong ca s hin ra, chn Browse, sau chn nh
dng mun s dng. Chn OK chng trnh thc thi (rt nhanh), sau ng
ca s Mathtype thng bo hon thnh vic chuyn i.
2. Lu cng thc vo cc thanh cng c truy xut nhanh hn
Vic lu cc cng thc vo thanh cng c ca Mathtype rt c li, khi chng ta
phi s dng li nhiu ln cng thc v n l mt cng thc di, tc phi qua
Th thut vi Mathtype
Cm Nang - 5 -
nhiu thao tc. Ta thit lp lu nh sau:
Trc tin rng, trong Mathtype c 5 thanh cng c theo th t t trn
xung di, gm Symbol Paletttes (Ctrl+Alt+K), Template Palettes
(Ctrl+Alt+T), Small Bar (Ctrl+Alt+F), Large Tabbled Bar (Ctrl+Alt+L),
Small Tabbled Bar (Ctrl+Alt+S).
Hai thanh cng c trn cng l mc nh, tc ta khng c thay i hoc xa
cc cng thc. i vi 3 thanh cng c cn li ta c php thay i, ty theo
cng thc ln nh m lu vo thanh cng c thch hp, thm ch c phn theo
ch rt hay.
lu vo, ta c vic son cng thc, tip theo qut chn cng thc, nm gi
chut v ko ln v tr thch hp trn 3 thanh cng c c php ty chnh.
Thit lp phm tt truy xut nhanh hn: nhp chut phi ln cng thc, chn
lnh Properties, nhp t hp phm bt k vo di dng Enter new shortcut
key(s), nhn Assign chp nhn v OK thot.
Thay i, cp nht cng thc lu: nhp chut phi ln cng thc, chn lnh
Edit, trong ca s tip theo, ta ty chnh sa cng thc n khi va v ng
ca s ny l c.
Xa b cng thc lu: nhp chut phi ln cng thc, chn lnh Delete.
Chn cng thc vo v tr con tr: nhp chut phi vo cng thc, chn lnh
Insert hoc n gin hn, ch cn nhp tri chut ln cng thc l c.
Ni thm v i n v cho thanh thc o. Trn thanh menu lnh ca
Mathtype, chn Preferences; chn tip lnh Workspace Preferences.... Trong
bn cnh dng lnh Ruler unit chn n v l Centimeters (cm). Vic ny gip
chng ta kim sot chiu di cng thc khi chn vo vn bn, v thng thng
vn bn c ty chnh n v thanh thc o ca MS Word l cm.
Ni thm v chn mt k t bt k vo v tr con tr. Trn thanh menu lnh ca
Mathtype, chn th Edit, chn Insert symbol. Trong ca s hin ra, dng lnh
View by chn ty chn v font no , trong khung hin th bn di chn k t
mun chn vo, nhn Insert hoc Double-click, nhn Close thot.
3. Mt s t hp phm tt thng dng trong Mathtype
Khi g cng thc ton hc trong Mathtype, trnh b li font do Mathtype
cha h tr cc font ca bng m Unicode (hay gp khi chn kiu g Telex) ta
phi chuyn ch ting Vit sang ting Anh cho chng trnh h tr g ting
Vit. Chng hn i vi chng trnh Unikey, phm tt chuyn nhanh ch l
Ctrl+Shift.
Th thut vi Mathtype
Cm Nang - 6 -
Ctrl + Alt + Q : trong Word, dng kch hot chng trnh Mathtype. Cng
thc ton thm vo vn bn s c ch cng dng vi vn bn hin ti, tng
ng vi lnh Insert Inline Equation khi chn t menu lnh ca Mathtype.
Ctrl + F4 hoc Alt + F4: thot khi Mathype v chn cng thc vo vn bn.
Ctrl + 1, Ctrl + 2, Ctrl + 4, Ctrl + 8 : iu chnh khung hin th nhp cng thc
ca Mathtype cc ch tng ng l 100%, 200%, 400%, 800%. Nu mun
ty chnh theo mun th thc hin chn trn thanh menu lnh ca th View,
chn lnh Zoom, chn Other, chn Custom, nhp vo con s mong mun, nhn
OK thot.
Ctrl + C, Ctrl + V, Ctrl + X : cc lnh sao chp (copy), dn (paste) v ct (cut)
cng thc c chn.
Ctrl + H : to ch s trn, c th qut chn i tng bt k v nhn t hp phm
ny, th i tng s chuyn thnh ch s trn.
Ctrl + L : to ch s di, tng t nh vic to ch s trn.
Ctrl + J : to ch s trn v di.
Ctrl + F : to phn s, c th qut chn i tng bt k v nhn t hp phm
ny, th i tng tr thnh biu thc t s ca phn thc.
Ctrl + R : to cn bc hai cho biu thc, c th to mi hoc qut chn biu thc
cn chuyn thnh cn thc, ri bm t hp phm ny. iu ny cng p dng
cho cc t hp phm to du ngoc n ( ), ngoc vung [ ] v ngoc kp { }.
Ctrl + ( : ngoc ( ).
Ctrl + [ : ngoc [ ].
Ctrl + shift + { : ngoc { }.
Ctrl + Shift + A: chuyn i qua li 3 cch nh dng cho cc du ngoc, bng
cch t con tr chut v tr trong du ngoc v nhn t hp phm ny.
V d, cho biu thc sau:
3 3
3
3
2 2
2
i i
i
e e
e b

( ) ( )
( )





=


( )



( )

( )
.
Ctrl + I : chn nhanh cng thc nhp tch phn, gm v tr nhp 2 cn ly tch
phn v biu thc cn tnh.
Ctrl + Shift + E : nh dng, hoc chuyn sang, g text. Nu chnh font g
text trong Mathype khc vi bng m ang son vn bn, th phi chuyn sang
bng m ca font tng ng th mi g ting Vit c.
Ctrl + + : nh dng, hoc chuyn sang, g k hiu, bin s ton hc.
Ctrl + Shift + F : nh dng, hoc chuyn sang, g bin s, hm s.
Th thut vi Mathtype
Cm Nang - 7 -
Ctrl + Tab: i n v tr tab dng, nu khng thit lp th s tab theo mc nh.
4. nh dng tab dng, dng vn bn trong cng thc ton
Chng hn cng thc c nhiu dng, v ta mun cc dng bn di ngang du
= vi dng trn.
V d ta c cng thc ton sau:

3 2
2
2 2
2
2
8 2 4) ( 2)(
12
( 2)( 2)
lim lim
2
4
4 4 4
3
2 2 2
4
lim
x x
x
x x x
I
x x
x
x x
x
x

= =

= =

Mun vy, u tin ta c g thng thng, n khi mun xung dng th lm
nh sau: trong th Format, chn lnh Align at =.
Cc lnh Align Right v Align Center dng canh phi, canh gia cho cng
thc ton. Ch mc nh l Align Left.
t tab dng ty
rng, trong ca s lm vic ca Mathtype, c thanh hin th thanh thc
o, v c cc nt lnh (
.

=

) tng ng cc lnh t tab dng l
canh tri, canh gia, canh phi, canh tri cho cc du bng, canh l hn hp
theo bin, du (+, ), du (=), ht cu,
Mun s dng chc nng no nhp vo nt lnh tng ng, tip theo nhp trn
thanh thc o v tr mun t tab dng, sau con tr v tr mong mun
v nhn t hp phm Ctrl + Tab.
Tab dng mc nh l canh tri, mi ln tab cch nhau mt khong 1,27cm.
V d, cho canh l hn hp:
3 7 8 20
2 8 112
3 2 3
x y z
x z
y z
'
1
=
1
1
1
=
|
1
1
= 1
1
+

v d trn, ta t tab
.
cc v tr ca bin x , du ca h s bin y , bin y ,
du ca h s bin z , bin z , du =, hng s t do.
nh dng trn cng mt dng
Gi s ta mun nh dng ging nh sau:
Cho biu thc
2 6
2
3
2 4
( )
cos2
12345sin
lim 3 921
76 ln
13ln(
2 5
) 7 3
x
x
x x
x x e
x
y f x x
x
x x x

l
= =
l
l

l
l
l

l

Tc y, ta mun canh dng vi dng trn cng ca biu thc trong [ ] v c
cng thc ton hc cng canh dng trn cng vi vn bn trong Word.
Th thut vi Mathtype
Cm Nang - 8 -
Khi ta lm nh sau: g cng thc thng thng s c nh th ny
Cho biu thc
2 6
3
2
2 4
( ) cos2
12345sin
3 921
lim 76 ln
13 ) ln
5
(
2
7 3
x
x
x x
x x e
x
x
y f x x
x x x

l
l
l
= =
l
l
l

l

l

Sau t con tr chut ti cng thc trong [ ], tip theo vo th Format, chn
lnh Align at Top l c.
Cc lnh Align at Bottom dng canh dng vi dng di cng. Lnh Align at
Center l ch mc nh.
5. Nhng code T
E
X thng dng g cng thc trong Mathtype
Trc tin ty chnh Mathtype nh sau: trn thanh menu lnh ca Mathtype,
chn Preferences; chn tip lnh Workspace Preferences.... Nhng dng di
cng chn Allow TEX language entry from the keyboard. Chn OK thot.
(!) Lu . Khi g lnh xong, nhn Enter hin th kt qu.
Trong mi trng Word, ta cng c th g theo c php $code lnh$, v nhn t
hp phm (Alt + \) Mathtype chuyn sang cng thc ton hc.
Lu , t hp phm cng dch ngc li c, tc l khi g xong cng thc mun
bit code lnh, th ta chn cng thc v nhn t hp phm ny.

\alpha

\beta

\chi \delta
\varepsilo
n

\phi

\varphi

\gamma

\eta \iota
\kappa \lambda
c
\mu \nu o
\pi \varpi \theta \vartheta

\rho
\sigma

\varsigma \tau \upsilon \omega

\xi

\psi

\zeta

\S
\Delta \Phi \Gamma \Lambda \Pi
\Theta \Omega \Xi \Psi \Upsilon
\Sigma \mho

\int \partial \nabla


\le

\ge \ne \equiv \approx \infty
\pm

\mp \times \div \oplus \Box
\ast \otimes

\odot \bullet \circ \vdots
\cdots \dots \; \quad \qquad

Th thut vi Mathtype
Cm Nang - 9 -
\to \mapsto \Rightarrow
\leftrightarrow \leftarrow

\uparrow

\downarrow

\updownarro
w
\Leftarrow
\Leftrightarrow

\Uparrow

\Downarro
w

\forall \exists \in

\notin
\vee \wedge \ni \cap
\cup \subset \supset

\subseteq

\supseteq

\not\subset

\nsubseteq

\nsupseteq

\subsetneq

\supsetneq
_
\varsubsetneq
_
\varsupsetneq
\O

\subseteqq
~
\supseteqq

\supsetneqq

\subsetneqq

\ominus \bot \|
\Cup \Cap

\mathbb{R} ; thay R bng k t khc c cc k t tng ng
(khng c k t thng) ArCEGH"KMN'PQRSUVWXYZ
A
\mathcal{A} ; thay A bng k t khc c cc k t tng ng
(khng c k t thng) ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ

( ) f x

\int{f(x)}
( )
a
f x

\int_{a}{f(x)}
( )
a
f x

\int\limits_{a}{f(x)} ( )
b
a
f x

\int_{a}^{b}{f(x
)}
( )
b
a
f x

\int\limits_{a}^{b}{f(x
)}
( ) f x

\iint{f(x)}
( ) f x

\iiint{f(x)}
( ) f x

\oint{f(x)}

( ) f x

\sum{f(x)}
1
( )
n
i
f x
=

\sum_{i=1}^{n}{f(x)}
1
( )
n
i
f x
=

\sum\nolimits_{i=1
}^{n}{f(x)} 1
( )
x
f x

\sum_{x>1}{f(x)}
1
( )
x
f x

\sum\nolimits_{x>1
}{f(x)}
( )
n
f x

\sum^{n}{f(x)}
( )
n
f x \sqrt[n]{f(x)}
0
lim ( )
x
f x

\lim_{x\to{0}}{f(x)}
0
max ( )
x
f x

\underset{x\to{0}}{
\max}{f(x)} 0
( )
x
b tky f a x

\underset{x\to{0}}{batky}
{f(x)}
Th thut vi Mathtype
Cm Nang - 10 -
AB

\vec{AB} x \bar{x}
a \dot{a} a \tilde{a}
a \ddot{a}

ABC
\hat{ABC}
abc \underline{abc}
abc

\xrightarrow{abc}
abc
\not{abc}
( ) f x

\prod{f(x)}
( ) f x

\bigcup{f(x)}
( ) f x

\bigcap{f(x)}

1 x
abc

\underbrace{abc}_{
x>1}

1 x
abc

\overbrace{abc}^{x>1}

6. To s th t cho biu thc ton hc hoc i tng bt k
6.1. Ty chnh nh dng nh s
Trong file Word, vo th Mathtype, chn Format Equation number.
Trong nhm lnh ca Number Format, nn ch nh dng cho nhm Simple
Format nh sau: nh du check vo tt c, hoc b chn Section number, hoc
b chn Chapter number, v thng thng ta ch nh s gm 2 phn, v d
(1.2), tc l cng thc ca section 1 hay chapter 1, v l cng thc s 2.
C khung Preview bn di nhm lnh Number Format, nn d dng thay i
cc ty chn n khi va th thi.
(!) Lu . S th t section hay chapter, Mathtype khng t cp nht khi chng ta
son vn bn qua chng ni dung mi, m ta phi t nh ngha. S c hng
dn di y.
Trong nhm lnh Change the equation format for, check vo New equation v
Whole documents Mathtype nh dng thng nht c file vn bn.
Trong nhm lnh Option, chng ta nn ch nh du check vo cc :
Update equation number automatically Mathtype t ng cp s th t ca
section hay chng v s th t ca cng thc.
V Use format as default for new documents dng cho cc ti liu bin son
mi sau ny.
(!) Lu . Chng ta c th nh dng trc hoc sau khi nh s xong ri nh
dng theo mong mun sau cng c, nhng phi vo MathType, chn lnh
Update Equation number cho cch nh s thng nht vi nhau.
6.2. Cch nh s th t
S th t to ngay bn cnh cng thc
Trong file Word, t v tr con tr g vn bn ngay v tr cng thc hay i
tng cn nh s th t. Trn thanh menu lnh, chn th Mathtype, chn tip
Th thut vi Mathtype
Cm Nang - 11 -
lnh Insert equation number l c.
Cch ny, ta nn ch dng nh s th t ti liu tham kho hoc i tng
khc tng t, cn cng thc ton nn chn theo cch di y.
Cng thc dng ring bit i vi vn bn
Trong file Word, trn thanh menu lnh, chn th Mathtype, nn chn tip lnh
Insert Right-Number Display Equaton hoc cng c th chn Insert Left-
Number Display Equaton.
6.3. Tham chiu ti v tr cng thc to s th t
V d ta c on vn sau:
Cng thc De Moivre:
sin [cos ] c s sin o
n
i i n n = (1.1)
Cng thc Euler:
co in s s
i
i e

= (1.2)
Gi s ta mun tham chiu ti cng thc (1.2), thc hin nh sau: Vo th
Mathtype, chn Insert equation reference, chn OK tt ca s Insert
equation reference. Sau , Double-click vo s th t ca cng thc c
nh s. v d trn ta Double-click vo (1.2).
6.4. Ty chnh s th t section, chapter
Theo mc nh, khi ta nh s cho cng thc ton u tin th n c thuc tnh
l cng thc s 1, ca section 1 trong chapter 1. y, gi s cng thc ca
chng ta ch thit lp 2 thuc tnh l cng thc s my v nm trong chapter
no. n khi ta chuyn sang son tho vn bn ca ni dung chng ti liu mi,
th phi cp nht l cng thc 1, trong chapter 2. Ta thit lp nh sau:
Trong file Word, t con tr ngay v tr u chng ni dung. Trn thanh menu
lnh, vo th Mathtype, chn Insert Next Chapter Break. Khi , khi nh s
cho cng thc tip theo th n c thuc tnh l cng thc s 1 ca chapter tip
theo, tng t cho trng hp chn section k tip, ta chn lnh Insert Next
Section Break.
Cng trong th Mathtype, nhng i vi lnh Insert Chapter/Section Break,
trong ca s hin ra, cho php thit lp ng thi section mi v chapter mi,
thm ch ta c th nhp ty s th t cho section v chapter.
Tuy nhin, lnh ny khng hay bng lnh Modify Chapter/Section Break,
ch lnh ny cho ta thy v tr bt u chapter, section mi v cho php ta ty
chn nhp s th t chapter v section. Hoc ch mun xem v tr ngt section
Th thut vi Mathtype
Cm Nang - 12 -
hay chapter, th trong mi trng Word nhn t hp phm (Ctrl + Shift + *).
7. Chn cng thc ton ln cc din n, blog hay email
Trn thanh menu lnh ca Mathype, chn th Preferences, chn lnh Cut and
Copy preferences, chn dng lnh di cng l Equation for application or
website, nhp vo s xung chn n trang web hoc ng dng no m ta mun
s dng c cng thc ton hc, v d chn Gmail, Google Docs, Yahoo Mail,
Wordpress - dch v blog Wordpress,
Khi , ta mun chn vo cc dch v no, th trc tin chng ta son cng thc
trong Mathtype, sau Copy v Paste vo l c. Ty theo dch v m khi
Paste vo, cng thc s hin th l hnh nh (email,) hoc code lnh (blog,
forum,).