32

1.
2.
3.

60x
y cmcm
100a500
10cmacm
x1y5

(60 x)
60x
||
||

ycm

||

(y4)cm

ycm4

||
500-1002-a=(300-a)cm
500
1
2

(10a )=(5a)cm

1
2

(xy+5)
(xy)5
5

5a=5a
xy10=10xy
1a1a-1a-a

222=2

x7=

(a+b)5=

(:)
5

y(-12)=- 12

a3b
5xx
11x8
(x-2y)3
3ab

5x

11
8

;2
3

x+1x=33+1=4

x[ ]
1
6x-2 [x=3]
2x+8 [x= ]
2
-5x+12 [x=2]
3x-2x [x=3]
63-2=16

1
2

2 +8=1+8=9

-522+12=-20+12=-8
333-23=27-6=21

2x+3y-7 2x, 3y, -7

2x2 3y3

1
x+4y
-2x+ y
3a-2b+7
2

x, 4y

x 1

1
2

-2x, y
3a, -2b, 7

y 4

x -2

a 3

1
2

b -2

5x+4x
3y-5y
3a-6b+(-2a)-b
4-12x+6y-8+4x
-5x+3-2y+5y

2x+4y-5x+4

5x+4x=(5+4)x=9x
3a-6b+(-2a)-b=a-7b

3y-5y=(3-5)y=-2y
2x+4y-5x+4=-3x+4y+4

4-12x+6y-8+4x=-8x+6y-4

-5x+3-2y+5y=-5x+3y+3

(3a+2)+(2a-9)
(3x-10)+(-2x+4)
(8a+2)-(6a+1)
(-x-9)-(4-3x)
(12-5x+3y)+(x-3+3y)
(3a-2b+2)-(8-3a+2b)

+(
-(

)
)-1(
)

(3a+2)+(2a-9)=3a+2+2a-9=5a-7
(3x-10)+(-2x+4)=3x-10-2x+4=x-6
(8a+2)-(6a+1)=8a+2-6a-1=2a+1
(-x-9)-(4-3x)=-x-9-4+3x=2x-13
(12-5x+3y)+(x-3+3y)=12-5x+3y+x-3+3y=-4x+6y+9
(3a-2b+2)-(8-3a+2b)=3a-2b+2-8+3a-2b=6a-4b-6

1
3a4
8x
4

(-3)4b

(-2y)(-8)

3a4=34a=12a

1
4

1
4

8x =8 x=2x

(-3)4b=(-3)4b=-12b

(-2y)(-8)=(-2)(-8)y=16y

4(a+3)
(2x-2)(-5)
1
3

-(6y+2)

(6c+9y)

-4(3b-3)
5
6

3
4

( a - b)24

4(a+3)=4a+43=4a+12

(2x-2)(-5)=2x(-5)+(-2)(-5)=-10x+10

-4(3b-3)=-43b-4(-3)=-12a+12

-(6y-2)=-16y-12=-6y-2
-(
)-1

1
3

1
3

1
3

(6c+9y)= 6c+ 9y=2c+3y

5
6

3
4

5
6

3
4

( a - b)24= a24- b24=20a-18b

2:3
4;1

12
-8
6

5:3
4

10

2:3
12=2(2x+3)=4x+6
6

4;1
=-4(4y-1)=-16y+4
2

-8

5:3 5(5:3) 25:15

= 2 = 2
4

10

(15x-9)3
(16a+4)(-4)

(12y-2)4

1
3

1
3

1
3

(15x-9)3=(15x-9) =15x -9 =5x-3

1
4

1
4

1
4

(16a+4)(-4)=(16a+4)(- )=16a(- )+4(- )=-4a-1

1
4

1
4

1
4

1
2

(12y-2)4=(12y-2) =12y +(-2) =3y-

4(2x+9)-6x
3x-(9+8x)
5(3a+1)-2(a-9)
1
1
3
2
3(-3x-4)+9(x+2)
(2a-4)+ (6a-3)
(4x-2)- (10x+1)
2
3

2
5

3
4

( x - )-( x+

1
)
10

1
2

3a-( a+6)-4

4(2x+9)

4(2x+9)-6x=42x+49-6x=8x+36-6x=2x+36
-(9+8x)-1(9+8x)

3x-(9+8x)=3x-9-8x=-5x-9
5(3a+1)-2(a-9)=15a+5-2a+18=13a+23
3(-3x-4)+9(x+2)=-9x-12+9x+18=6

2
1
1
1
1 1 1
1 2 1
(2a-4)+
(6a-3)=
2a+
(-4)+
6a+
(-3)=a-2+2a-1=3a-3
2
3
2
2
3
3
1

3
4

2
5

3
2

2
5

3 2
2 5

19
10

(4x-2)- (10x+1)=3x- -4x- =-x-( + )=-x3

-( x+ )
4
10
x
2

2 3

(3x- 5)-(4x+10)=3x- 5 - 4x- 10=12x- 12x- 10- 10=- 12x- 10=- 12x- 2
1
2

1
2

6
2

1
2

5
2

3a-( a+6)-4=3a- a-6-4= a- a-6-4= a-10

3.141592

acmhcmScm
rcmScmLcm
1acmVcm

()()

1
2

1 1
S=ah2=2ah

()()()
()()
S=rr=r L=2r=2r
3.14
r

V=aaa=a