NonNon-elastic impression material

dr.Manish kumar

CONTENTS
DEFINITIONS  CLASSIFICATION  IMPRESSION PLASTER  IMPRESSION COMPOUND  IMPRESSION WAXES  ZINC OXIDE EUGENOL IMPRESSION PASTE


DEFINITIONs
Impression: A negative likeness or copy in reverse of the surface of an object; (an imprint of the teeth and adjacent structures for use in dentistry) GPT8 Impression material: material: Any substance or combination of substances used for making an impression or negative reproduction - GPT8

CLASSIFICATION OF DENTAL IMPRESSION MATERIALS BY SETTING MECHANISM AND BY ELASTICITY AND USE
BY SETTING MECHANISM BY ELASTICITY AND USE
INELASTIC OR RIGID MATERIAL USE ELASTIC

MATERIAL USE ALGINATE HYDROCOLLOID, NON-AQUEOUS *PLASTER CHEMICAL EDENTULOUS ELASTOMERS, OF TEETH REACTION POLY SULFIDE, RIDGE. PARIS. AND (IRREVERSIBLE) POLY ETHER, *ZINC OXIDE*INTEROCCLUSAL SOFT TISSUES. CONDENSATION RECORDS. EUGENOL. SILICONE, ADDITION SILICONE. THERMALLY INDUCED TEETH COMPOUND PRELIMINARY AGAR PHYSICAL AND WAX. IMPRESSION. HYDROCOLLOID. REACTION. SOFT TISSUES. (REVERSIBLE)

IMPRESSION PLASTER
Impression plaster is similar in composition to dental plaster used to construct models and dies.

COMPOSITION
    

A calcined, beta calcium sulphate hemihydrate Potassium sulphate:- anti expansion agent sulphate:accelerates setting reaction Borax:Borax:- a retarder Alazarin red:- a pigment agent red:Diatomacious earth, quartz, lime:lime:to make the plaster more brittle

Soluble plaster


Potato starch is added to impression plaster which acts as a separating media while removing the impression from the cast.

SETTING REACTION

CaSO4 .1/2H2o

CaSO4.2H2O+HEAT+ expansion app.0.1%

WATER POWDER RATIO used at higher water powder ratio 0.400.40-0.75 SETTING TIME Lesser than other gypsum products 4 minutes

IMPRESSION TRAYS USED FOR IMPRESSION PLASTER



too fluid to be used in stock tray. Special trays are normally constructed using 1-1.5mm spacer. 1-

MANIPULATION
Dispensing of water and powder Spatulation Working time- 3 minutes time-

FACTORS AFFECTING THE SETTING REACTION

Manipulation Setting ConsistConsistVariables ency time Increased W/P ratio Increased rate of spatulation Increased water temp. increased decreased
no change

Setting CompreCompreExpansion ssive strength

IMPRESSION TECHNIQUE


The technique for insertion of impression into the mouth involves puddling the impression into place The tray containing impression plaster is seated in patients mouth and then gently move from side to side and anteroanteroposteriorly, this allow the material to flow in every area of the mouth

Primary Impression with impression plaster

DISINFECTION
Sodium hypochlorite in 1:10 dilution  2% alkaline gluteraldehyde solution  Iodophores  Phenolic spray


PROPERTIES OF IMPRESSION PLASTER

Regarding properties the difference between impression plaster and model plaster is: 1 2
3.

4.

They have more rapid setting in order to avoid inconvenience. Have smaller setting expansion for greater accuracy. Much lower strength ; fractures easily if the material engages an undercut. Colouring agent for contrast

USES
Recording impression of patient with excessively mobile soft tissues overlying the residual alveolar bone.  Wash impression


DISADVANTAGE
VERY RIGID  MAY DRY SOFT TISSUES  FRACTURES IF UNDERCUT PRESENT


OLD FASHION NOT FREQUENTLY USED

IMPRESSION COMPOUND
Impression compound is a thermoplastic material having the properties similar to dental waxes.

TYPES OF IMPRESSION COMPOUND



TYPE I (LOWER FUSING): Used for taking impression. TYPE II(HIGHER FUSING): Used for construction of impression trays.

MODES OF DISPENSION


Type I materials are supplied either in sheet or stick form. Sheet form is used for recording impression of edentulous ridges. Stick form is used for border extension on impression tray or for recording impression of single crown using copper ring technique.

Composition
      

Ingredient Rosin Copal resin Carnauba wax Stearic acid Talc Colouring agent

parts in % 30 30 10 5 25 Appropriate amount

MANIPULATION
The sheet material is normally softened using a water bath.  Softening temperature range 55-60C 55 It should not be so long and it should not be too short  If the conditioning temperature is too low the material does not soften properly and if too high, it becomes sticking and unmanageable


The stick material is generally softened using a flame.  The material is then tempered in water bath before placing in patients mouth.


PROPERTIES
fairly rigid after setting and is non-elastic nonin nature.  high viscosity.  a mucocompressive impression material  poor thermal conductivity.  The material have large values of coefficient of thermal expansion and undergo considerable shrinkage on removal from the mouth.


Fusion temperature-indicates definite temperaturereduction in the plasticity during cooling 43.5C.  Glass transition temperature-is the temperaturetemperature at which material forms a rigid mass 39C.


Permissible flow values for dental compounds as defined by ANSI/ADA specification No.3
MATERIAL Flow AT 37oC less than 6%

at 45oC more than85%

Type I (impression compound) Type II (trey compound)

less than 2%

70%70%-85%.

USES
for making edentulous impression border extension on impression trays recording impression of single crown using copper ring technique to check undercut in inlay preparation Stabilizes the matrix band.

ADVANTAGES
Can be reused  Easy to use  Non irritant  Non toxic  Cheaper


DISADVANTAGES
Difficult to record details  Poor dimensional stability  Easy to distort when withdrawn from the mouth  No fine details are obtained


Impression waxes
Also used the term corrective impression wax A thermoplastic impression material

COMPOSITION
No ADA specification for impression wax Paraffin wax Bees wax Ceresin Metal particles

MANIPULATION
Melted  Applied to defect  Reseated under firm finger pressure  Allow the wax to set


OTHER USES
Wax veneer  Mucocompressive impression-Applegate impressiontechnique


PROPERTIES
Thermoplastic material  Relatively soft at room temperature  Flow is measured by penetration at 37 c is 100%


Zinc oxide /eugenol impression pastes

Zinc oxide Eugenol is a non-elastic nonimpression material.

TYPES
According to ADA specification no.16 ; based on consistency and hardness, hardness, Type I Type II hard(10mins) soft(15mins)

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION


Material is normally supplied as two paste which are mixed together on a paper pad or glass.

COMPONENT PASTE I
Zinc oxide Olive oil, linseed oil or equivalent Zinc acetate or equivalent Water (trace) in some products

FUNCTION
Reactive ingredient which take part in setting reaction Inert component used to form paste with zinc oxide To accelerate setting To accelerate setting Reactive ingredient take part in setting reaction Inert filler used to form a paste with eugenol

PASTE II

Eugenol (oil of cloves) caolin, talc or equivalent

SETTING REACTION
The formation of chelate compound.  The setting reaction is ionic in nature  Some manufacturers incorporates water as the component of at least one of the paste.


FACTORS AFFECTING THE SETTING REACTION

Under control of Manufacturer Accelerators likelikecalcium chloride zinc acetate water Under control of Operator To shorten the setting time 1-Accelerators like-drop of H2O like2- extending mixing time To prolong the setting time 1-cool spatula and glass slab 2-plastisizer like-inert oil, wax or likepetroleum gel

MODE OF DISPENSION


The pastes are normally dispensed from tooth paste like tubes and mixed in equal volume. One tube is labeled as catalyst and one is labeled as base paste.

MANIPULATION


The proportioning is achieved simply by expression of equal length of each paste on to the mixing pad or slab There is a good color contrast between the pastes which aid in homogenous, streak free mixing.

PROPERTIES


Zinc oxide eugenol is low viscosity, non-elastic nonimpression material. Because of the lack of elasticity the set material may fracture when removed over undercut. Some patients are allergic to eugenol so in that case eugenol free pastes are available. The eugenol is replaced by alternative organic acid. The material can be added to the impression once the material is set so that any correction in impression can be made with this material.

USES


AN IMPRESSION MATERIALS FOR EDENTULOUS MOUTHS

    

SURGICAL DRESSING TEMPORARY FILLING MATERIAL ROOT CANAL FILLING BITE REGISTRATION TEMPORARY RELINING MATERIALS DENTURES FOR