Leadership

Leadership is the process of influencing a group toward the achievement of goals

behavioral theory
focused on identifying personal behaviors that differentiated leaders from non leaders

 research identified 7 traits associated with successful leadership - Drive - desire to lead - honesty and integrity - self-confidence - Intelligence - job-relevant knowledge - extraversion

studies
Ohio State University Found two key dimensions of leader behavior: Initiating structure the defining and structuring of roles Consideration job relationships that reflect trust & respect

 University of Michigan Also found two key dimensions of leader behavior: Employee-oriented emphasizes interpersonal relationships Production-oriented emphasizes the technical aspects of the job The dimensions of the two studies are very similar

Blake and Moutons Managerial Grid

Draws on both studies to assess leadership style Concern for People is Consideration and EmployeeOrientation Concern for Production is Initiating Structure and ProductionOrientation

 Creates four specific leadership styles

Telling: high task-low relationship leadership Selling: high task-high relationship leadership Participating: low task-high relationship leadership Delegating: low task-low relationship leadership

Charismatic Leadership
enthusiastic, self-confident leader whose personality influences people

Characteristics of charismatic leaders

Have a vision Are able to articulate the vision Are willing to take risks to achieve the vision Are sensitive to the environment and follower needs Exhibit behaviors that are out of the ordinary