Atomic Radius Ionization Energy Electron Affinity Electronegativity

Size goes Up on going down a group. Because electrons are added farther from the nucleus, there is less attraction. Size goes down on going across a period.

250

K
Atomic Radius (pm)
200 150 100 50

Li
Be B C N O F H

Na
Mg Al Si P S Cl

Ca

Ne
12 14 16

Ar

0
0

He
2 4 6 8 10 18 20

Elem ent

Ionization energy
Ionization energy is defined as the

minimum energy required for ionizing an isolated gaseous atom to produce positive ion. The ionization energy in the same period from left to right has increasing tendency. While in the same group from Up to bottom, the ionization energy has decreasing Larger tendency.

Larger

2500

He Ne

Ionization energy (kJ/mol)

2000 1500

F H N Be B C M g Si Al Na
4 6 8 10 12 14 16

Ar Cl P S Ca K
18 20

1000 500 0
0 2

Li

Element

Electron Affinity
Electron affinity is the released energy by an atom in gas form, after it accepts an electron. In the same period from left to right, the affinity has increasing tendency. In the same group, from bottom to up, the affinity has increasing tendency.

Electron Affinity

Larger

Larger

Electronegativity is a number that describes the relative ability of an atom (when bonded) to attract electrons. The trend is the same as affinity for the same reason

Electro negatifity Larger

Larger