.

11, 2010

621.3
.., . . , .,
,

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, , .
.
: , ,

. ,
, ,
, .
.
.
. [1]
.
, .
, ,
.
.
, ,
S .
[2]

2 c 2 c
c
2 c

= D 2 +
+ Dz
wx c wy c , t > 0 , z > 0 , (1)
2
2
t
x
y
y
z
x

118

..

c ( x , y, z ,t ) , 3 ;
D , Dz G
; w = (wx , wy )

X Y .
, , .

c ( x , y,0,t ) = , ( x , y ) S .

(2)

c
z

= 0 , (x, y) S .

(3)

z =0

( x , y, z ,0 ) = 0 .

(4)

(1) (4) u = c
(2) (3)

2u 2u
u
2u
u
u
= D 2 + 2 + Dz 2 wx
wy
, t > 0, z > 0,
t

x
y

x
y
z

(5)

u
ku
= 0 , u ( x , y, z ,0 ) = ,
z
z =0

(6)

k ( x , y ) = ,
( x , y ) S , k ( x , y ) = 0 ( x , y ) S .
(5) (6) [3]
,

119

 . 11, 2010

u ( x , y, z , t ) =

d d d G ( x , y, z, , , ,t ) ,

(7)

G ( x , y, z , , , ,t ) = Gx ( x , ,t ) G y ( y, ,t ) Gz ( z , ,t )
w ( x ) w2t ( x )2
;
x
exp x
Gx ( x , ,t ) =
2D
4D
4 Dt
2 Dt

(8)

w y ( y ) w2yt ( y )2
;
G y ( y, , t ) =
exp

2D
4D
4 Dt
2 Dt

(9)

( z )2
( z + )2

+ exp

Gz ( z , ,t ) =
exp
D
t
D
t
4
4
2 Dzt

z
z

z +

2

2k Dzt exp k Dzt + k ( z + ) erfc

+ k Dzt ,
2 D t

erfc ( z ) = 1

(10)

x
e dx . k 0

( x , y ) , Gz ( x , y ) . ( x , y ) S , k = 0

( z )2
( z + )2

+ exp
.
Gz1 ( z , ,t ) =
exp
4
4
D
t
D
t
2 Dzt

z
z

( x , y ) S , k

z +

+ k Dzt =
lim 2k Dzt exp k2 Dzt + k ( z + ) erfc
2 D t

k
z

2
(z + )
.
= 2exp
4 Dzt

120

..

( z )2
( z + )2

exp
.
Gz 2 ( z , ,t ) =
exp
D
t
D
t
4
4
2 Dzt

z
z

Gz1 Gz 2 d 0

z
G
z
,

,
t
d

=
1
;
,

erf
G
z
t
d
=

,
(
)
(
)
z1
z2
2 D t
z
0
0

erf ( z ) =

(11)

x
e dx . (7) (10) (11), 0

z
u ( x , y, z ,t ) = erf
G ( x , ,t ) G y ( y, ,t ) d d
2 D t x
z S

Gx ( x , ,t ) G y ( y, ,t ) d d ,
S

S S .

d dGx ( x , ,t ) Gy ( y, ,t ) = 1 ,

z
u ( x , y, z ,t ) = erf
G ( x , ,t ) G y ( y, ,t ) d d
2 D t x
z S

+ Gx ( x , ,t ) G y ( y, ,t ) d d .
S

c = u + ,

,

121

 . 11, 2010

z
G ( x , ,t ) G y ( y, ,t ) d d .
2 D t x
z S

c ( x , y, z ,t ) = erfc

(12)

2a 2b . , , X Y
.
(12) .

c ( x , y, z ,t ) =

z
a x + wxt
a + x wxt
erfc
+ erf
erf

2 D t
4
Dt
Dt
2
2

b y + w yt
b + y wyt
erf
erf
+

.
2
2
Dt
Dt

. ,
.
, .
, .

1.

2.
3.

122

.. / .., .., .. //
: XIX .-.
. .: , 2005. .1. . 12-15.
.. /
.., .. .: , 1977. 735 .
.. / .. .: , 2001.
576 .

..

..
, ,
,
.
. .
: , ,

Svetlichnaya S.D.
The modeling of extraordinarily situation which is connected with
the flood of liquid evaporating quickly
The calculation method of concentration in air of liquid steams is proposed.
Liquid evaporates from the flood surface. The method is based on the decision of
the three-dimensional equation of diffusion. The model is intended for the concentration calculation of dangerous substances in air after the accident.
Key words: calculation method, flood surface, concentration of dangerous
substances

614. 84
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: , ,

123