DRUG

STUDY
Classification: ANTI-INFECTIVES-Quinolones

KARLEEN L. JARO
 PRECAUTION/ NURSING
GENERIC CONTRAINDICATIO
INDICATION ACTION ADVERSE CONSIDERATIO
NAME N
REACTION N
Infections of Inhibits Drugs that inhibit PRECAUTION >Assess pt for
Ciprofloxaci the resp. bacterial peristalsis. Infants Severe and previous
n tract, middle DNA and children, persistent sensitivity
ear,paranas gyrase growing diarrhea during reaction
al sinuses, thus adolescents. and after >Assess pt for
BRAND eyes, preventing Pregnancy and treatment any s/s of
NAME kidneys, replication lactation infection before
Ciprobay urinary tract in ADVERSE RXN & during
susceptible Common:Nausea, treatment
bacteria diarrhea, >Assess for
DOSAGE vomiting, rash adverse
250-500mg Uncommon: reactions
BID Anorexia, >assess pt. &
headache,dizzine family’s
ss, fever, GI and knowledge of
abdominal pain, drug therapy
flatulence,
confusion, vertigo
Classification: GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS-Laxatives

KARLEEN L. JARO
 PRECAUTION/
GENERIC NURSING
INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE
NAME CONSIDERATION
REACTION
LACTULOSE Constipatio Inhibits Pt who require a PRECAUTION: >Assess condition
n, bacterial low lactose diet. Lactose before therapy and
BRAND NAME salmonello DNA Galactosemia intolerance, reassess regularly
duphalac sis. gyrase deficiency. diabetes thereafter to monitor
Treatment thus Intestinal drug’s effectiveness
DOSAGE of hepatic preventin obstruction. Adverse Rxn: >Monitor pt for any
Infants: 5 ml encephalo g Abdominal adverse GI reactions,
Children: pathy replicatio discomfort nausea,vomiting,diarr
1-6 y/o- 5- n in associated hea,
10ml susceptib with >Assess for adverse
7-14y/o- le flatulence and reactions
15ml bacteria intestinal >for pt. with hepatic
15-45y/o- 15- cramps. encelopathy:
30ml. Nausea, regularly assess
vomiting, mental condition
Dose given in diarrhea on >monitor I & O
3 days prolonged >monitor for Inc.
use. glucose level in
diabetic pts
Classification: ANTI-ALLERGICS_Anti-histamine

KARLEEN L. JARO
 PRECAUTION/ NURSING
GENERIC CONTRAINDICATIO
INDICATION ACTION ADVERSE CONSIDERATIO
NAME N
REACTION N
Treatment of Long- Pts with severe PRECAUTION >obtain pt hx
levocetirizin symptoms acting non- renal impairment, Adjustment of inc. drug hx
e associated sedating pts with rare dose is and any
with allergic antihistami problems of recommended in unkown
conditions ne that galactose elderly pts w/ allergies
BRAND (including selectively intolerance compromised >monitor
NAME ocular inhibits renal function. pulse, BP,
Xyzal symptoms) peripheral Lactation. respiration
HI > observe
receptors ADVERSE RXN dizziness and
DOSAGE Dry mouth, excessive
Adult and headache, sedation
adolescents fatigue, rhinitis,
more than abdominal pain,
12 yrs- 1 migraine
tab/day
Pedia: 6-12
yrs- 1 tab/
day
Classification: ANTI-INFECTIVES-Penicillins

KARLEEN L. JARO
 PRECAUTION/
GENERIC NURSING
INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE
NAME CONSIDERATION
REACTION
Amoxicillin Infections of the Prevents Hypersensitivity PRECAUTION: >obtain pt’s
resp. tract, skin bacterial to penicillins, Hypersensitivit hx of allergy
BRAND & skin cell wall cephalosporins. y: rxn range >Assess pt for
NAME structures,paran synthesis Not used to treat from mild to any s/s of
Amoxil asal sinuses, during pneumonia, life threatening infection
genitourinary replication bacteremia >Assess for
DOSAGE tract, otitis . pericarditis during pt’s sensitivity
Adult: 250- media, sinusitis, acute stage. ADVERSE RXN: to penicillin ot
500mg meningitis,septic Dizziness, other
every 8 emia fatigue, cepalosporins
hours insomnia, skin >assess for
Children: rashes, itchy allergic rxn
20- eyes, sore or during therapy
40mg/kg/d dry mouth, >Assess for
ay divided abnormal taste bowel pattern,
dosage sensation, if diarrhea-
given every diarrhea, rectal shld be
8 hrs bleeding discontinue

Classification: CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS-Calcium Antagonist

KARLEEN L. JARO
 PRECAUTION/
GENERIC NURSING
INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE
NAME CONSIDERATION
REACTION
felodipine Treatment Inhibits calcium Sick sinus ADVERSE RXN: >assess fluid
of ion influx across syndrome, second Peripheral volume status,
BRAND hypertensio cell membrane, or third-degree Av edema, adequacy of pulses,
NAME n resulting in block except with hypotension, pitting edema,
Plendil inhibition of functioning syncope, MI, dehydration,
excitation/ pacemaker, angina, hypotension, dry
DOSAGE contraction. hypotension with tachycardia, mouth
Adult: 250- systolic headache, >monitor cardiac
500mg BP<90mmHg dizziness, status: BP, pulse,
every 8 lightheadedness, respiration
hours nausea, >Assess for angina
Children: 20- vomiting, pain:
40mg/kg/da sinusitis, duration,intensity,
y divided wheezing cough, aggravating factors
dosage sneezing
given every
8 hrs

Classification: CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS-Angiotensin II Antagonist

KARLEEN L. JARO
 PRECAUTION/
GENERIC NURSING
INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE
NAME CONSIDERATION
REACTION
TELMISART Treatment of Blocks the Hypersensitivity, PRECAUTION: >assess pt’s
AN hypertension vasoconstricti pregnancy, Can cause condition
ve ans lactation. Severe death to the before therapy
BRAND aldosterone- hepatic or renal fetus if used on >Assess for
NAME one-secreting impairment the 2nd heart failure
Pritor effects of trimester, >Assess for
angiotensin II safety in obstructive
DOSAGE by selectively children not yet jaundice
Adult: 20- blocking the established >monitor for
80mg daily, binding of possible drug
usual angiotensin II ADVERSE RXN induced
starting to the ATI Diarrhea and adverse rxn
dose 40mg receptor in angioedema. >close
daily many tissues Sinusitis, monitoring of
pharyngitis, BP and pulse
upper resp.
tract infection,
back pain
Classification: ANTI-DIARRHEALS

KARLEEN L. JARO
 PRECAUTION/
GENERIC NURSING
INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE
NAME CONSIDERATION
REACTION
Loperamide Symptomati Acts on the Those in whom PRECAUTION: >assess pt’s
HCl c control of nerve endings constipation must Hepatic bowel pattern
acute and &/or be avoided, dysfunction, >check
BRAND chronic intramural children less than chronic response after
NAME diarrhea ganglia of the 1 yr, diarrhea, 48 hrs
IMODIUM intestinal wall hypersensitivity, dehydration >Assess
to decrease abdominal hydration
DOSAGE intestinal distention ADVERSE RXN >assess for
Adult: motility, Hypersensitivit abdominal
initially 2 resulting to y reactions, distention
cap; prolonged flatulence, >inform pt.
subsequent retention of abdominal that dry mouth
dose a cap feces in the pain, may be
after every intestines distention or relieved by
stool discomfort, frequent sips
nausea and of water, hard
vomiting candy or
sugarless gum

KARLEEN L. JARO
Classification: CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS-Anti-anxiety
( Anticonvulsant/Hypnotics/Sedatives/Anxiolytics)
PRECAUTION/
GENERIC NURSING
INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE
NAME CONSIDERATION
REACTION
DIAZEPAM Symptomatic Facilitates/ Hypersensitivity. PRECAUTION: > inform pt. that
relief of potentiates Dependence, Hypersensitivi drug may be
BRAND anxiety, the withdrawal ty: taken with food
NAME agitation, inhibitory symptoms cardiorespirat >advice pt. not to
Valium tension activity of ory abruptly
GABA at the insufficiency, discontinue drug
DOSAGE limbic pregnancy, after long term
Adult: 250- system and lactation use
500mg reticular >advice pt. to
every 8 formation ADVERSE RXN avoid driving and
hours to reduce Dizziness, activities that
Children: anxiety, fatigue, require alertness
20- promote blurred vision, bec, drug can
40mg/kg/da calmness dependence, cause drowsiness
y divided and sleep withdrawal >inform pt. that
dosage reactions smoking may
given every decrease effect
8 hrs

KARLEEN L. JARO
Classification: DIETARY/NUTRITIONAL DRUGS-Vitamins and Minerals

PRECAUTION/
GENERIC NURSING
INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE
NAME CONSIDERATION
REACTION

KARLEEN L. JARO
Calcium Antacid, Decreases Hypercalcemia, PRECAUTION: > administer
carbonate calcium total acid load bone tremors, History of as antacid 1 hr
supplement, of GI tract. severe renal stone fter meal and
BRAND osteoporosis Increase failure,hypersensit formation, at bed time
NAME esophageal ivity pregnancy >administer as
Calci-Aid sphincter supplement 1
tone ADVERSE RXN ½ hrs after
DOSAGE Constipation, meal and at
Adult: 1-2 flatulence, bed time
capsules diarrhea, renal >advice pt to
daily dysfunction, increase fluids
Pedia: acid rebound to 2L unless
1-2 tablets contraindicate
daily d

Classification: ANTI-ASTHMA

PRECAUTION/
GENERIC CONTRAINDICATIO NURSING
INDICATION ACTION ADVERSE
NAME N CONSIDERATION
REACTION

KARLEEN L. JARO
Salbutamol Reversible Facilitates/ Hypersensitivity PRECAUTION: > drug may be
airway potentiates Hyperthyroidism decrese
BRAND obstruction the ,DM, sensitivity of
NAME including inhibitory cardiovascular spirometry used
Ventolin bronchial activity of disease for diagnosis of
vilmax asthma, GABA at the asthma
chronic limbic ADVERSE RXN >syrup may be
DOSAGE bronchitis system and Fine tremor of taken as young
Adult: 8mg reticular skeletal muscle, as age 2
tablet BID formation to feeling of >monitor for
Pedia: 3-12 reduce tension, a evidence of
yrs anxiety, compensory allergic rxn
4mg tab promote small increase
BID calmness in heart rate,
and sleep headache,
muscle cramps

Classification: CARDIAC DRUGS-Centrally-acting Drugs

PRECAUTION/
GENERIC CONTRAINDICATIO NURSING
INDICATION ACTION ADVERSE
NAME N CONSIDERATION
REACTION

KARLEEN L. JARO
orlistat Long-term Inhibits Chronic PRECAUTION: > assess
treatmentof the malabsorption Children <18 effectiveness of
obese and absorptio syndrome yrs, pregnancy, other
BRAND overweight n of lactation, medications pt
NAME patients with dietary fat shld be given may be taking
Xenical risk factors and with caution to (esp.
comorbiditi, diabetic pt. anticoagulant)
associated with >pt. may
DOSAGE obesity ADVERSE RXN experience
Adult: 1 cap including Oily spotting, dizziness or
with each hypercholeste- flatus with lightheadedness
main meal rolemia, NIDD, discharge, fecal >advice pt to
impaired urgency, report persistens
glusoce fatty/oily stool, back pain,
tolerance, oily evacuation. muscle, or joint
hypertension Fecal pain, signs of
and reduction of incontinence resp. tract
visceral fat infection

Classification: ANALGESICS

PRECAUTION/ NURSING
GENERIC
INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE CONSIDERATIO
NAME
REACTION N

KARLEEN L. JARO
Mefenamic Relief of pain Aspirin-like drug Pregnancy & PRECAUTION: > assess pt.’s
acid including that has lactation, If rash occurs, pain before
muscular, analgesic,antipyr hypersensitivity, administration therapy
BRAND rheumatic, etic, & anti- active ulceration should be >monitor for
NAME traumatic, inflammatory or chronic stopped, possible drug
Dolfenal dental, post- activities inflammation of asthmatics, induced
op and either upper or Hx of liver and adverse
DOSAGE postpartum lower GIT, blood kidney disease reactions
Adult: start pain, disorders, poor ADVERSE RXN >advice pt.
with 75- headache, platelet function, GI discomfort, not to take
150mcg migraine, kidney or liver diarrhea or drug for more
BID fever, impairment, constipation, than 7 days
dysmenorrhe children < 14 yrs gas pain, >advice pt. to
Severe a nausea, report
HPN vomiting, immediately
300mg BID drowsiness persistence or
failure to
relieve pain

Classification: ANTI-INFECTIVES

PRECAUTION/
GENERIC CONTRAINDICATIO NURSING
INDICATION ACTION ADVERSE
NAME N CONSIDERATION
REACTION

KARLEEN L. JARO
chloroquine Antacid, Inhibits the Presence of PRECAUTION: >advice pt that
calcium perioxidativ retinal or visual Hepatic compliance with
BRAND suppleme e activity of field changes disease, dosage schedule &
NAME nt, heme, and alcoholism, duration of tx are
chlorofoz osteoporo disrupt its monitor necessary
sis nonenzyma complete blood >caution pt to avoid
DOSAGE tic count alcohol while taking
Adult: polymerizat drug
initially four ion to ADVERSE RXN >assess hepatic
250mg hemozin Headache, status (dec.
tablet nausea, appetite,jaundice,
followed by vomiting, dark urine
2 tab after diarrhea, skin >instruct pt to use
6-8 hrs, eruptions sunglasses in bright
then2 tab sunlight
daily for 2
days

Classification: GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS-LAXATIVES

PRECAUTION/
NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE
CONSIDERATION
REACTION

KARLEEN L. JARO
bisacodyl Constipatio Increases Nausea, vomiting PRECAUTION: > monitor
n, relief of peristalsis or other Caution is frequency &
BRAND NAME evacuation & motor symptoms of advised during character of
Dulcolax in activity of appendicitis, 1st 3 mos of stool
hemorrhoid the small acute surgical pregnancy as >monitor
DOSAGE s, prep for intestines abdomen, well as occurrence of
Adult: 2 tab at barium by acting abdominal pain, administration adverse rxn
bedtime or 30 enema, pre directly on ulcerative lesions to children < 4 >swallow the
mins before and post-op the smooth of colon yrs tablet whole,
breakfast, max muscles. do not crush or
4 tabs ADVERSE RXN chew
Pedia: greater Occasional
than 4 yrs- 1 tab abdominal
Suppository: discomfort,
Pedia – 5mg soreness in
Adult- 10mg anal region

Classification: RESPIRATORY DRUGS- MUCOKINETICS/EXPECTORANTS

PRECAUTION/
CONTRAINDICATI NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION ADVERSE
ON CONSIDERATION
REACTION

KARLEEN L. JARO
Carbocisteine Acute/chro Reduces the active peptic PRECAUTION: >assess
nic viscosity of ulcer. Hx of peptic cough: type,
BRAND NAME disorders bronchial Hypersensitivit ulcer, frequency,
Loviscol of the secretions & y to hypothyroidis character
upper & facilitate carbocisteine m > advice
DOSAGE lower expectoration medical
Capsule: respiratory ADVERSE RXN consultation
Adult: 250mg 2 caps, tract Nausea, for persistent
500mg 1 cap TID associated headache, cough of more
Suspension: with the vomiting, than 7 days
Adult – 15ml; Pedia: 6- secretion & anorexia, >advice pt. to
12yrs: 5ml, 2-5 yrs: 1.25- formation gastric avoid smoking
2.5 ml of discomfort, >suggest
Syr: excessive diarrhea, GI sugarless
6-12yrs: 10ml and viscid bleeding lozenges to
2-5 yrs: 2.5ml mucus decrease
Drops: throat irritation
12-24mos: 1.25ml, 9- and cough
11mos: 1ml, 6-8mos:
0.75ml, 3-5mos: .50ml,
<3mos: 0.25ml
All doses 3-4x/ day
Classification: CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS- ANTI-ARRYTHMICS

GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATIO PRECAUTIO NURSING

N N/ CONSIDERATION

KARLEEN L. JARO
 ADVERSE
REACTION
Amiodarone Hcl Cardiac Blocks Sinus PRECAUTI >assess
arrhythmias, sodium bradycardia,. SA ON: cardiovascular
BRAND NAME ventricular channels at and AV blocks, Goiter, status before
Cordarone rhythm rapid pacing pregnancy, CHF, therapy
disorders frequencies, hypersensitivity respirator > loading dose
DOSAGE prolonging y disease with food to
Tab: initially 3 myocardial decrease
tab/day
cell action ADVERSE nausea
maintenance: 1-2
tab/day potential RXN >instruct pt.
and Bradycard that skin
refractory ia, heart discoloration is
period block, reversible
sinus >advice pt. to
arrest, wear sunglasses
flushing, for photophobia,
fatigue, protective
insomnia, clothing to
headache prevent burning

Classification: GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS- ANTI-FLATULENTS

KARLEEN L. JARO
 PRECAUTION/
NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE
CONSIDERATION
REACTION
metoclopramide Gastrointestinal Dopamine GI hemorrhage, PRECAUTIO >give 30 mins
motility, antagonist epileptics, N: before meals and
BRAND NAME nausea, that acts by hypersensitivity, Activities at bed time
Plasil vomiting of increasing lactation, pts. With requiring > assess mental
central and receptor breast cancer mental status during
DOSAGE peripheral sensitivity alertness, treatment
Adult 10mg origin assoc. and response elderly, >tell pt. To avoid
3x/day with surgery of upper GIT lactation driving & other
pedia: 15-20yrs tissues to hazardous
5-10mg 3x/day acetylcholine ADVERSE activities for at
5-14yrs: 2.5-5mg RXN least 2 hrs
3x/day Restlessnes >advice pt. to
3-4yrs: 3mg 2- s, avoid alcohol and
3x/day drowsiness, other CNS
1-2yrs: 1mg 2- fatigue, depressant that
3x/day insomnia, enhance sedating
Under 1 yr: 1mg headache, properties of this
2x/day dizziness, drug
nausea
Classification: CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS- BETA-BLOCKERS

GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATIO PRECAUTION/ NURSING

N ADVERSE CONSIDERATION

KARLEEN L. JARO
 REACTION

metropolol Hypertensi Exerts mainly AV blocks, PRECAUTION: >tablet may be

on, chronic beta-1 cardiogenic Slowing of crashed or
BRAND NAME angina adrenergic shock, sinus heart rate, swallowed whole
Neobloc pectoris blocking bradycardia occasionally > instruct pt to
activity but severe take with meals
DOSAGE also blocks bradycardia >inform the pt
Adult : 50mg BID beta-2 may lead to that drug only
or
receptors at vertigo controls but does
100 mg OD
high doses ADVERSE RXN not cure the
Occasionally disorder
fatigue, >tell the pt. not
dizziness, to discontinue
headache, GI drug abruptly
disturbance, can worsen
skin rashes angina
nausea

Classification: CNS DRUGS- HYPNOTICS/ SEDATIVES

KARLEEN L. JARO
 PRECAUTION/
GENERIC INDICATIO CONTRAINDICATIO NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE
NAME N N CONSIDERATION
REACTION
phenobarbit Short- Depressant Hypersensitivity PRECAUTION: >instruct pt. to avoid
al term and to barbiturates, Impaired alcohol and other
treatment anticonvulsant pregnancy, renal, hepatic CNS depressant to
BRAND of effects may be severe renal, cardiac or prevent inc.
NAME insomnia, related to its hepatic, resp. resp. functions depression
luminal long- term ability to impairment ADVERSE RXN > withdrawal
treatment increase the Dizziness, insomnia may occur
DOSAGE of inhibitory headache, after short-term use,
100-320mg. generalize activity of hangover, insomnia improves in
max 600mg
d toni- GABA on confusion in 1-3 nights
daily
clonic nerve elderly, GI >on empty stomach,
seizures impulses disturbances, 30-60 mins before
allergic bedtime for expected
reactions, sleeplessness
sedation and >advice pt to change
depression positions slowly to
may occur prevent orthostatic
hypotension

Classification: CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS- ANTI-INFECTIVE ( ANTI-FUNGALS)

KARLEEN L. JARO
 PRECAUTION/
GENERIC INDICATIO CONTRAINDICATIO NURSING
ACTION ADVERSE
NAME N N CONSIDERATION
REACTION
Nystatin Antifungal Interferes with hypersensitivity PRECAUTION: >oral suspension,
antibiotic fungal DNA Discontinue if shake well before
BRAND used for replication: sensitization using
NAME prophylax binds sterols occurs > report persistent
Mycostatin is and in fungal cell nausea and vomiting,
treatment membrane, ADVERSE RXN diarrhea or if
DOSAGE of w/c increases Diarrhea, GI condition worsens
4-6ml susp candidiasi permeability, distress, >inform physician if
4x/day or 1- s of the resulting in nausea, pt is pregnant
2 tabs skin and leaking of cell vomiting
3x/day mucous nutrients
Infants: 2ml membran
pedia susp es
4x/day

Classification: Anticholinergic

KARLEEN L. JARO
 NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS
CONSIDERATION

Atropine SO4 Helps to Contraindicated in Can cause • monitor level of

- Antidote to reduce patients with blurred vision, consciousness
BRAND NAME overdosage with saliva and glaucoma, pyloric dilated pupils, • do not sit up or stand
fluid in the stenosis or prostatic dry mouth, up quickly
cholinergic
Dose/Route: respiratory hypertrophy, except palpitations • advise patient to stay
substances tract. in doses ordinarily urinary out of bright light
0.5-1.0 mg IVP (nerve gases, May also used for retention,
• chew sugarless gums
Q3-5min max of poisonous be used to preanesthetic tachycardia
and suck hard candies
mushroom) treat a medication. drowsiness, and
0.04mg/kg (ETT to avoid mouth
slow confusion
2-2.5 x dosage) dryness
- Pre-op heartbeat
• use lubricating drops is
or
OPP: 2-5mg Q10- medication to wearing contact lenses
insecticide
15 min (Peds reduce salivary or avoid extreme heat
0.05mg/kg) and resp. tract mushroom
secretions. poisoning
Pediatric:
0.02mg/kg
(minimum 0.1mg

Classification: Andrenergics

KARLEEN L. JARO
 GENERIC CONTRAINDICATI NURSING
INDICATION ACTION SIDE EFFECTS
NAME ON CONSIDERATION
Increased • Before starting
Dobutamin cardiac output Stimulates Contra indicated in Increased dobutamine therapy:
e HCL heart’s beta1 patients heart rate, (1) give a plasma
in short-term volume expander to
receptors to hypersensitive to hypertension,
treat ment of correct hypovolemia
increase drug and in those Angina,
cardiac (2) give cardiac
myocardial with idiopathic phlebitis, glycoside
decompensati contractility hypertrophic nonspecific • Continuously monitor
on caused by and stoke subaortic stenosis chest pain,
BRAND ECG, blood pressure,
depressed volume. At Use cautiously in
NAME palpitations, pulmonary artery
dosages, drug patients with wedge pressure,
contractility, hypotension,
increases cardiac output and
such as during history of nausea,
Dobutrex cardiac output urine output
hypertension vomiting,
refractory by decreasing • Monitor Electrolyte
peripheral because drug may shortness of
heart failure; increase pressor levels. Drug may lower
vascular breath, potassium level
Infusion adjunctive response hypersensitivit
resistance, • Do not confuse with
rate: 2.5-10 therapy in Zeducing Use cautiously in y reactions Dopamine
mcg/kg/min cardiac ventricular patients with • Tell patient to report
surgery filling pressure history of sulfite adverse reactions
and sensitivity promptly, especially
facilitating AV . labored breathing and
node drug-induced
therapeutic headache
conduction Instruct patient to report
discomfort at IV insertion

KARLEEN L. JARO
 site

Classification: Antihistamine/ anti allergic

GENERIC CONTRAINDICATI NURSING

INDICATION ACTION SIDE EFFECTS
NAME ON CONSIDERATION

KARLEEN L. JARO
 Hay fever, • CV & CNS Special precaution for
Diphenhydra urticaria, Antihistami effects
mine HCl vasomotor ne that Premature & newborn • Blood • Narrow-angle glaucoma
rhinitis, reduces infants; asthma disorders • stenosing peptic ulcer
BRAND NAME angioneurotic allergic • GI
attack; lactation • pyloroduodenal
edema, drug reactions, disturbances
Benadryl obstruction
sensitization, motion
• Antimuscarini • symptoms of prostatic
serum & sickness
DOSAGE c effects hypertrophy or bladder-
penicillin and vertigo
Capule/syrup Allergic neck obstruction
reaction, (dizziness
reactions • History of bronchial
contact and loss of
Adult: 50 mg dermatitis, balance), asthma
tid-qid. atopic eczema, and • increased intraocular
Children >20 lb: other allergic Parkinson's pressure
12.5-25 mg tid- dermatoses, disease • hyperthyroidism
qid pruritus, food • CV disease or
sensitivity, hypertension.
parkinsonism, • Pregnancy.
motion Avoid operating vehicles or
sickness
machinery

Classification: Antagonist and antidotes

SIDE EFFECTS/
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE NURSING CONSIDERATION
REACTION

KARLEEN L. JARO
 Safest drug to use
Naloxone Displaces Tachycardia when cause
hydrocholori Known previously Patient known to Hypertension respiratory
de suspected be hypersensitive
administer Nausea depression is
narcotic ed to naloxone Vomiting uncertain.
BRAND
NAME induced narcotic hydrochloride Tremors
Narcan respiratory analgesics Monitor respiratory
depression from their depth and rate. Be
DOSAGE including that receptors. prepared to provide
Adult : 0.4 -2
cause by Has no O2, ventilation and
mg IV q2 to 3
mins. pentazocine pharmacol resuscitative
p.r.n. and ogic measures.
propaxyphene activity of
Also been shown to
its own
improve circulation
in refractory shock

Classification: Antispasmodic

KARLEEN L. JARO
 SIDE EFFECTS/
NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE
CONSIDERATION
REACTION
Myasthenia gravis, • xerostomia • Drug
Hyoscine-N- indicated for Relieve megacolon. • tachycardia compatibility
butylbromide the control of cramps or Parenteral • urinary should be
abdominal Untreated narrow- retention
spasms of monitored
BRAND NAME • allergic & skin
pain (colic) the angle glaucoma, closely in
reactions
Buscopan associated prostate patients
stomach,in • rarely dyspnea
with hypertrophy w/ (in patients w/ requiring
DOSAGE spasmodic testines, urinary retention, adjunctive
history of
Adult & childn >6 yr colic, flatulent and mechanical bronchial therapy
1-2 tab 3-5 times daily. colic bladder stenosis of GIT, asthma or • Avoid driving &
Amp Acute attacks of tachycardia allergy) operating
• parenteral
colicky pain machinery after
visual
Adolescent >12 yr 1- accommodation parenteral
2 amp IV, IM or SC disturbance administration
several times daily. infrequently inj site Avoid strict heat
Max: 100 mg aily. pain (after IM inj),
rarely anaphylactoid
Infant & young reactions &
anaphylactic shock
childn Severe cases:
0.3-0.6 mg/kg body wt
by slow IV, IM or SC
several times daily.
Max: 1.5 mg/kg body

KARLEEN L. JARO
wt/day.

Classification: CNS stimulant

SIDE EFFECTS/
CONTRAINDICATI NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION ADVERSE
ON CONSIDERATION
REACTION

KARLEEN L. JARO
 CVD in acute & - Citicoline is an Parasympathetic •Somazine must not be
Citicoline recovery phase, interneuronal hypertonia Gastrointestinal administered along with
communication disorders medicaments containing
symptoms & meclophenoxate
BRAND enhancer. It
signs of cerebral
NAME increases the
insufficiency neurotransmission
Somazine (dizziness, levels because it
amp memory loss, favors the
poor synthesis and
DOSAGE concentration, production speed of
disorientation, dopamine in the
striatum, acting
125 mg/mL 1- recent cranial
then as a
2 inj/day. trauma & their
dopaminergic
sequelae.) agonist thru the
250 mg/mL 1 inhibition of
inj/day tyrosine-
hydroxylase.

Classification: Loop Diuretic

KARLEEN L. JARO
 GENERIC CONTRAINDICATI SIDE NURSING
INDICATION ACTION
NAME ON EFFECTS CONSIDERATION
Furosemide acute pulmonary inhibits • Anuria • To prevent nocturia,
edema sodium and • hepatic coma & vertigo, give preparation in the
BRAND NAME edema chloride precoma dizziness, morning and early in the
hypertension • severe headache, afternoon
reabsorption
hypokalemia &/or paresthesia, • Watch for signs of
Lasix at the
hyponatremia orthostatic hpokalemia
proximal and
• hypovolemia w/ or hypotension, • do not confuse with
DOSAGE distal tubules thrombophlebitis, Torsemide or Lasix with
w/o hypotension
Adult: and the Hypersensitivity to abdominal pain, Lonox
ascending furosemide or hypokalemia, • advise patient to take
Initially 1/2-1-2 loop of Henle anemia drug with food to
sulfonamides
tab/day muscle spasm prevent GI upset
Maintenance: 1/2-1 inform patient of possible
tab/day need for potassium or
magnesium supplements
20-40 mg IV/IM

Children: 2 mg/kg
body/wt

Classification: Anri- ulcer

KARLEEN L. JARO
 GENERIC CONTRAINDICATI NURSING
INDICATION ACTION SIDE EFFECTS
NAME ON CONSIDERATION
•Duodenal and Completely Contraindicated in • Vertigo, malaise, •Assess patient for
Ranitidine HCL gastric ulcers inhibits patients headache, blurred abdominal pain. Note
action of hypersensitive to vision, jaundice, presence of blood in
BRAND NAME •Maintenance histamine on drug and those with burning and emesis, stool, or gastric
therapy for the H2 at porphyria itching at injection aspirate
Xantac gastric and receptor site
duodenal ulcer sites of •Use cautiously in •Ranitidine may be added
DOSAGE parietal patients with hepatic to total parenteral nutrition
50 mg by slow •GERD cells, dysfunction. Adjust solution
IV then 0.125- decreasing dose in patients with
•Erosive gastric acid impaired renal •Instruct patient on proper
0.25 mg/kg/hr
esophagitis secretions function use of OTC preparation as
as continuous IV
indicated.
infusion •Heartburn
•Remind patient to take
once daily prescription drug
at bedtime for best results

•Instruct patient to take

without regard to meals
because absorption isn’t
affected by food

KARLEEN L. JARO
Classification: Nutrional Agents (Calorics)

GENERIC CONTRAINDICATI SIDE NURSING

INDICATION ACTION
NAME ON EFFECTS CONSIDERATION
Fluid Minimize Hyperglycemia, • Mental • Use cautiously in
Dextrose replacement glyconeogenesi diabetic coma, confusion, cardiac or pulmonary
intracranial or intra unconsciou disease,
and caloric s and promotes sness in hypertension, renal
BRAND spinal hemorrhage or
supplementati anabolism in hyperosmol insufficiency urinary
NAME delirium tremens.
on in patient patients who ar obstruction and
nonketotic hypovolemia.
DOSAGE who can’t can’t receive
syndrome. • Never infuse
Dosage maintain sufficient oral • Pulmonary concentrated
depends on adequate oral caloric intake. edema solutions rapidly,
fluid and intake or who • Glycosuria, may cause
osmotic hyperglycemia and
caloric is restricted
diuresis fluid shift.
requirements from doing so. • Metabolic: Monitor glucose level
hyperglyce carefully. Prolonged
mia, therapy can cause
hypervolem depletion of pancreatic
ia insulin production and
• Rapid secretion.
termination
after long
term
infusion

KARLEEN L. JARO
 may cause
hypoglyce
mia
rebound
hyperinsuli
nemia.
Sloughing and
tissue necrosis

Classification: Electrolytes and replacement solutions

NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS
CONSIDERATION

KARLEEN L. JARO
 Hypocalcemia, Replaces Hypercalcemia, GI irritation • Use cautiously in
Calcium hypocalcemic and ventricular hemorrhage patients with
gluconate tetany, magnesium maintains fibrillation, renal constipation sarcoidosis and
calcium canaliculi vomiting renal or cardiac
toxicity,
BRAND thirst disease and in
NAME hypoparathyroidism renal digitalized
canaliculi patients.
Kalcinate hypercalcemia • monitor blood
polyuria calcium level
frequently.
DOSAGE
Tablets 500
mg, 650 mg,
975 mg, 1 g
(contains 90
mg elemental
calcium/g)

Classification: Non narcotic /analgesics and antipyretic/ antiplatelet

ADVERSE NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION
REACTION CONSIDERATION

KARLEEN L. JARO
 Mild pain/fever Produces • GI ulcer • Prolonged • Give milk, food antacid
Aspirin analgesia by an • GI bleeding bleeding time or large glass of water
(acetylsalicylic Arthritis ill defined effect • Patients with bleeding • Tinnitus to reduce GI adverse
on the disorders • Hearing loss reactions.
acid) • Warn patients taking
hypothalamus • Aspirin hypersensitivity • Nausea,vomiti
Reduce risk of heart prescription drugs to
Vit.K deficiency ng
attack in patient with and by blocking
BRAND generation of
• GI distress check with doctor
previous MI or unstable • Occult before taking OTC
NAME angina pain impulses combination containing
bleeding
(peripheral • Abnormal liver aspirin.
Aspilet action) function • Watch out for
• Rash petechiae, bleeding
gums, signs of GI
DOSAGE • Bruising
bleeding.
Fever/mild pain: Hypersensitivity
• Maintain adequate fluid
manifested by
Also impedes intake.
asthma and
325-650 mg P.O clotting by blocking anaphylaxis Obtain hemoglobin and
q4 hours; p.r..n prostaglandin prothrombin test periodically.
synthesis which
unstable angina: prevents formation
of platelet-
aggregating
325 P.O once/daily
substances.

Classification: Antihypertensives

ADVERSE NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION
REACTION CONSIDERATION

KARLEEN L. JARO
 • drowsiness • Monitor blood
• dizziness pressure and pulse
Clonidine
Essential renal and Inhibits central Patient hypersensitive to • fatigue rate.
hydrochloride • sedation • May be given rapidly
malignant vasomotor clonidine
• nervousness lower blood pressure
hypertension centers, thereby
BRAND • headache in some hypertensive
decreasing emergencies.
NAME • orthostatic
sympatheric • Rising slowly and
hypotension
outflow. avoid sudden position
Catapres • bradycardia
• urine change to prevent
orthostatic
retetion
DOSAGE • impotence
hypotension.
01-02 mg P.O B. Remove patch before
• transient
defribrillation to prevent
glucose
intolerance arcing
(after large
dose)
• constipation
• pruritis
dermatitis

Classification: Antianginals

ADVERSE NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION
REACTION CONSIDERATION

KARLEEN L. JARO
 •Vasospastic Thought to • •Contraindicated in Dizziness, light- • Don’t give
Nifedipine angina, classic inhibit calcium patients headedness, immediate-release
hypersensitive to headache, form within 1 week
chronic stable ion influx across
drug weakness, of acute MI or in
BRAND angina pectoris cardiac and peripheral
• acute coronary
NAME smooth-muscle edema, flushing, syndrome
• •Use cautiously in nausea,
•Hypertension cells, decreasing • Alert: despite the
Adalat patients with heart Syncope,
contractility and failure or hypotension previously
nervousness,
oxygen and in elderly hypotension, widespread SL use
DOSAGE nifedipine capsule,
demand. Also patients. Use palpitations,
Adults: avoid this route of
Initial: 10-30mg may dilate extended-release nasal congestion,
diarrhea, administration.
PO TID coronary tablets cautiously in
constipation, Excessive
patients with severe
Maximum: 120- arteries and abdominal hypotension, MI,
GI narrowing
180mg arteriole discomfort, and death may
• result
muscle cramps,
Hypertension: dyspnea, • Monitor blood
30-60mg PO pulmonary pressure regularly,
edema, cough, especially in
rash, puritus patients who take
beta blockers or
antihypertensive
• Watch for symptoms
of heart failure

Classification: Antianginals

KARLEEN L. JARO
 NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS
CONSIDERATION

Nicardipine
Chronic stable Inhibits calcium Patient who are • Dizziness Patients with hepatic
BRAND angina ion influx across hypersensitive to • Headache impairment should
NAME cardiac and nicardipine • Paresthesis receive lower dose
smooth muscle • Drowsiness
Cardipine cells, thus • Peripheral Monitor blood pressure.
decreasing edema
DOSAGE • Palpitations Allow atleast 3 days
myocardial
Initially • Tachycardia
contractility and between dosage
• Nausea adjustment to achieve
20 mg P.O Tid oxygen demand • Dry mouth
and coronary steady plasma levels.
• Abdominal
hypertension arteries and discomfort
20 to 40 mg P.O Advise patient to report
arterioles. • Rash
t.i.d increase immediately if
• Flushing
dosage depends experiencing chest pain
on the patients
response

Classification: Corticosteroids

KARLEEN L. JARO
 NURSING
GENERIC NAME INDICATION ACTION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS
CONSIDERATION
Patient had an allergic Increased appetite Stop drug and notify
reaction previously. Weight gain doctor if patient develops
Dexamethasone Water retention
Inflammation of Diffuses across cell Have an active peptic ulcer signs of systemic
Have an active herpes Increased WBC
BRAND NAME corticosteroid- membrane and absorption.
simplex fungal or Hypokalemia
responsive complexes with Skin rash
mycobacterial infection ot
dermatoses specific cytoplasmic Dizziness Before applying, gently
Dexon the eye, ear infection
receptors Insomia wash skin to prevent
Headache damage to skin rub
DOSAGE medication gently.
Active tuberculosis
anti-
The initial dosage inflammatory Treatment should be
Have psychoneurosis or
varies from 0.75 effects in psychosis continued for a few days
to 9 mg a day disorders of after clearing of lesions to
depending on the many organ prevent recurrence
disease being systems

treated

KARLEEN L. JARO