INHERITANCE PROGRAMS

1. Single Inheritance Public Derivation

class base
{
int a;
public:
int b;
void getdata(void);
void putdata(void);
int get_value(void);
void put_value(void);
};
class derived:public base //Public derivation
{
int c;
public:
void sum(void);
void display(void);
};
void base::getdata(void) { cout<<"Enter a and b"; cin>>a>>b; }
void base::putdata(void) { cout<<"a="<<a<<endl<<"b="<<b<<endl; }
int base::get_value(void) { return (a); }
void base::put_value(void) { cout<<"Base Class Private Member a="<<a<<endl; }
void derived::sum(void) { c=b+get_value(); }
void derived::display(void)
{
cout<<"\n In Derived Class\n";
cout<<"a="<<get_value()<<endl;
cout<<"b="<<b<<endl;
cout<<"c="<<c<<endl;
}
int main()
{
derived dobj1;
dobj1.getdata();
dobj1.putdata();
dobj1.put_value();
dobj1.sum();
dobj1.display();
dobj1.b=15; //Public member of base class
dobj1.sum();
dobj1.display();
return(0);
}

1
/* Data member 'int a;' is private in base class and can not be inherited, objects of derived
class are able to access through an inherited member function of base class (get_value ()
function) */

2. Single Inheritance Private Derivation

class base
{
int a;
public:
int b;
void getdata(void);
void putdata(void);
int get_value(void);
void put_value(void);
};
class derived:private base //Private derivation
{
int c;
public:
void sum(void);
void display(void);
};
void base::getdata(void)
{
cout<<"Enter a and b";
cin>>a>>b;
}
void base::putdata(void) { cout<<"a="<<a<<endl<<"b="<<b<<endl; }
int base::get_value(void) { return (a); }
void base::put_value(void) { cout<<"Base Class Private Member a="<<a<<endl; }
void derived::sum(void) { getdata(); c=b+get_value(); }
void derived::display(void)
{
cout<<"\n In Derived Class\n";
cout<<"a="<<get_value()<<endl;
cout<<"b="<<b<<endl;
cout<<"c="<<c<<endl;
}
int main()
{
derived dobj1;
dobj1.sum();
dobj1.display();
return(0);
}

2
/* dobj1.b=20; gives error; data member 'b' has become private.
dobj1.getdata();dobj1.putdata();dobj1.get_value(); dobj1.put_value();gives error.
All member functions of base class become private and they cannot be accessed by
Objects of derived class.*/

3. Single Inheritance Same member function in base class derived class

class base
{
int a;
public:
int b;
void getdata(void);
void putdata(void) { cout<<"base a="<<a<<endl<<"b="<<b<<endl; }
int get_value(void);
void put_value(void);
};
class derived:public base //Public derivation
{
int c;
public:
void sum(void);
void putdata(void)// same function name
{
cout<<"\n In Derived Class\n";
cout<<"a="<<get_value()<<endl;
cout<<"b="<<b<<endl;
cout<<"c="<<c<<endl;
}
};
void base::getdata(void) { cout<<"Enter a and b"; cin>>a>>b; }
int base::get_value(void) { return (a); }
void base::put_value(void) { cout<<"Base Class Private Member a="<<a<<endl; }
void derived::sum(void) { c=b+get_value(); }
int main()
{
derived dobj1;
dobj1.getdata();
dobj1.sum();
dobj1.putdata();
dobj1.put_value();
dobj1.b=15; //Public member of base class
dobj1.sum();
dobj1.putdata();
return(0);
}

3
/* When a base class and a derived class define a function of same name the derived class
function supersedes the base class definition. the base class function will be called only if
the derived class does not redefine the function*/
4. Single Inheritance Same member function in base class derived class
class base
{
int a;
public:
int b;
void getdata(void);
void putdata(void);
int get_value(void);
void put_value(void);
};
class derived:public base //Public derivation
{
int c;
public:
void sum(void);
void putdata(void);// same function name
};
void base::getdata(void) { cout<<"Enter a and b"; cin>>a>>b; }
void base::putdata(void) { cout<<"base a="<<a<<endl<<"b="<<b<<endl; }
int base::get_value(void) { return (a); }
void base::put_value(void) { cout<<"Base Class Private Member a="<<a<<endl; }
void derived::sum(void) { c=b+get_value(); }
void derived::putdata(void)
{
cout<<"\n In Derived Class\n";
cout<<"a="<<get_value()<<endl;
cout<<"b="<<b<<endl;
cout<<"c="<<c<<endl;
}
int main()
{
derived dobj1;
dobj1.getdata();
dobj1.sum();
dobj1.putdata();
dobj1.put_value();
dobj1.b=15; //Public member of base class
dobj1.sum();
dobj1.putdata();
return(0); }

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5.Single Inheritance Public Derivation
class base
{
int a,b;
public:
int c;
void getdata(void);
void putdata(void);
int get_sum(void);
int geta() { return a; }
int getb() { return b; }
void put_value(void);
};
class derived:public base //Public derivation
{
public:
int d;
void sum(void);
void display(void);
};
void base::getdata(void) { cout<<"Enter a b and c"; cin>>a>>b>>c; }
void base::putdata(void) { cout<<"a="<<a<<endl<<"b="<<b<<endl<<"c="<<c<<endl;}
int base::get_sum(void) { return (a+b); }
void base::put_value(void)
{
cout<<"Base Class Private Members a="<<a<<endl<<"b="<<b<<endl;
}
void derived::sum(void) { d=c+get_sum(); }
void derived::display(void)
{
cout<<"\n In Derived Class\n";
cout<<"a="<<geta()<<endl;
cout<<"b="<<getb()<<endl;
cout<<"c="<<c<<endl;
cout<<"d="<<d<<endl;
}
int main() {
derived dobj1;
dobj1.getdata();
dobj1.putdata();
dobj1.put_value();
dobj1.sum();
dobj1.display();
dobj1.c=15; //Public member of base class
dobj1.sum();
dobj1.display(); }

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6.Single Inheritance Private Derivation
class base
{
int a,b;
public:
int c;
void getdata(void);
void putdata(void);
int get_sum(void);
int geta() { return a; }
int getb() { return b; }
void put_value(void);
};
class derived:private base //Private derivation
{
public:
int d;
void sum(void);
void display(void);
};
void base::getdata(void)
{
cout<<"Enter a b and c";
cin>>a>>b>>c;
}
void base::putdata(void) { cout<<"a="<<a<<endl<<"b="<<b<<endl<<"c="<<c<<endl;}
int base::get_sum(void) { return (a+b); }
void base::put_value(void)
{
cout<<"Base Class Private Members a="<<a<<endl<<"b="<<b<<endl;
}
void derived::sum(void) { getdata(); d=c+get_sum(); }
void derived::display(void)
{
cout<<"\n In Derived Class\n";
cout<<"a="<<geta()<<endl;
cout<<"b="<<getb()<<endl;
cout<<"c="<<c<<endl;
cout<<"d="<<d<<endl;
}
int main()
{
derived dobj1;
dobj1.sum();
dobj1.display();
return(0); }

6
/* dobj1.getdata(); gives error. Derived class is inherited in private mode. data members
and member functions of base class become private.*/

7. Single Inheritance Public Derivation: Protected access specifier

class base
{
int a;
protected:
int b;
public:
int c;
void getdata(void);
void putdata(void);
int get_sum(void);
int geta() { return a; }
/* int getb() { return b; } */
void put_value(void);
};
class derived:public base //Public derivation
{
public:
int d;
void sum(void);
void display(void);
};
void base::getdata(void) { cout<<"Enter a b and c"; cin>>a>>b>>c; }
void base::putdata(void)
{
cout<<"a="<<a<<endl<<"b="<<b<<endl<<"c="<<c<<endl;
}
int base::get_sum(void) { return (a); }
void base::put_value(void)
{
cout<<"Base Class Private Member a="<<a<<endl;
cout<<"Base Class Protected Member b="<<b<<endl;
}
void derived::sum(void) { d=c+b+get_sum(); }
void derived::display(void)
{
cout<<"\n In Derived Class\n";
cout<<"a="<<geta()<<endl;
cout<<"b="<<b<<endl;
cout<<"c="<<c<<endl;
cout<<"d="<<d<<endl;
}

7
int main()
{
derived dobj1;
dobj1.getdata();
dobj1.putdata();
dobj1.put_value();
dobj1.sum();
dobj1.display();
// dobj1.b=20; //not possible
dobj1.c=15; //Public member of base class
dobj1.sum();
dobj1.display();
return(0);
}

8. Single Inheritance Private Derivation: Protected access specifier

class base
{
int a;
protected:
int b;
public:
int c;
void getdata(void);
void putdata(void);
int get_sum(void);
int geta() { return a; }
/* int getb() { return b; } */
void put_value(void);
};
class derived:private base //Private derivation
{
public:
int d;
void sum(void);
void display(void);
};
void base::getdata(void)
{
cout<<"Enter a b and c";
cin>>a>>b>>c;
}
void base::putdata(void)
{
cout<<"a="<<a<<endl<<"b="<<b<<endl<<"c="<<c<<endl;
}

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int base::get_sum(void) { return(a); }
void base::put_value(void)
{
cout<<"Base Class Private Member a="<<a<<endl;
cout<<"Base Class Protected Member b="<<b<<endl;
}
void derived::sum(void) { getdata(); d=c+b+get_sum(); }
void derived::display(void)
{
cout<<"\n In Derived Class\n";
cout<<"a="<<geta()<<endl;
cout<<"b="<<b<<endl;
cout<<"c="<<c<<endl;
cout<<"d="<<d<<endl;
}
int main()
{
derived dobj1;
// dobj1.getdata();
// dobj1.putdata();
// dobj1.put_value();
dobj1.sum();
dobj1.display();
// dobj1.b=20; //not possible
// dobj1.c=15;
return(0);
}

9.Multilevel Inheritance : public visibility

class one
{
protected:
int a;
public:
void get_a(void);
void display_a(void);
};
void one::get_a(void){ cout<<"Enter a"; cin>>a; }
void one::display_a(void){ cout<<"a="<<a<<endl; }
class two : public one
{
protected:
int b;
float c;
public:
void get_values(void) { cout<<"Enter b(int) and c(float) values"; cin>>b>>c; }

9
 void display_values(void) { cout<<"b="<<b<<endl; cout<<"c="<<c<<endl; }
};
class three:public two
{
float d;
public:
void display(void)
{
d=c+b;
display_a();
display_values();
cout<<"d="<<d<<endl;
}
};
int main()
{
three obj;
obj.get_a();
obj.get_values();
obj.display();
return(0);
}

10. Multilevel Inheritance

class one
{
protected:
int a;
public:
void get_a(void);
void display_a(void);
};
void one::get_a(void){ cout<<"Enter a"; cin>>a; }
void one::display_a(void){ cout<<"a="<<a<<endl;}
class two : private one
{
protected:
int b;
float c;
public:
void get_values(void)
{
get_a();
cout<<"Enter b(int) and c(float) values";
cin>>b>>c;
}

10
 void display_values(void)
{
display_a();
cout<<"b="<<b<<endl;
cout<<"c="<<c<<endl;
}
};
class three:public two
{
float d;
public:
void display(void)
{
d=c+b;
// display_a();
display_values();
cout<<"d="<<d<<endl;
}
};
int main()
{
three obj;
// obj.get_a();
obj.get_values();
obj.display();
return(0);
}

/* class two is derived in private mode all the members (protected and public) of base
class one become private members of class two. The members of class one cannot be
accessed by class three directly. */

11.Multilevel Inheritance :derived classes in private mode

class one
{
protected:
int a;
public:
void get_a(void);
void display_a(void);
};
void one::get_a(void){ cout<<"Enter a"; cin>>a; }
void one::display_a(void){ cout<<"a="<<a<<endl; }

11
class two : private one
{
protected:
int b;
float c;
public:
void get_values(void)
{
get_a();
cout<<"Enter b(int) and c(float) values";
cin>>b>>c;
}
void display_values(void)
{
display_a();
cout<<"b="<<b<<endl;
cout<<"c="<<c<<endl;
}
};
class three:private two
{
float d;
public:
void display(void)
{
get_values();
d=c+b;
// display_a();
display_values();
cout<<"d="<<d<<endl;
}
};
int main()
{
three obj;
// obj.get_a();
//obj.get_values();
obj.display();
return(0);
}
/* class two is derived in private mode. All the members (protected and public) of base
class one become private members of class two. The members of class one cannot be
Accessed by class three directly. Class three is derived in private mode. All the members
of class two become private. the members of class two cannot be accessed by class three
directly.*/

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12. Multilevel Inheritance :derived classes in private mode
class one
{
protected:
int a;
public:
void get_a(void);
void display_a(void);
};
void one::get_a(void){ cout<<"Enter a"; cin>>a; }
void one::display_a(void){ cout<<"a="<<a<<endl; }
class two : private one
{
protected:
int b;
float c;
public:
void get_values(void)
{
get_a();
cout<<"Enter b(int) and c(float) values";
cin>>b>>c;
}
void display_values(void)
{
display_a();
cout<<"b="<<b<<endl;
cout<<"c="<<c<<endl;
}
};
class three:private two
{
float d;
public:
void display(void)
{
get_values();
d=c+b;
// display_a();
display_values();
cout<<"d="<<d<<endl;
}
};
int main()
{
three obj;

13
 // obj.get_a();
//obj.get_values();
obj.display();
return(0);
}
/* class two is derived in private mode. All the members (protected and public) of base
class one become private members of class two. The members of class one cannot be
accessed by class three directly. Class three is derived in private mode. All the members’
of class two become private. The members of class two cannot be accessed by class three
directly.*/

13. Multiple Inheritance: Public

class one
{
protected:
int a;
public:
void get_a(void);
};
void one::get_a(void){ cout<<"Enter a"; cin>>a; }
class two
{
protected:
int b;
public:
void get_b(void) { cout<<"Enter b"; cin>>b; }
};
class three:public one,public two
{
public:
void display(void)
{
cout<<"a="<<a<<endl<<"b="<<b<<endl;
cout<<"sum="<<a+b<<endl;
}
};
int main()
{
three obj;
obj.get_a();
obj.get_b();
obj.display();
return(0);
}

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14. Multiple Inheritance: Public, Private
class one
{
protected:
int a;
public:
void get_a(void);
};
void one::get_a(void){ cout<<"Enter a"; cin>>a; }
class two
{
protected:
int b;
public:
void get_b(void) { cout<<"Enter b"; cin>>b; }
};
class three:public one,private two
{
public:
void display(void)
{ get_b();
cout<<"a="<<a<<endl<<"b="<<b<<endl;
cout<<"sum="<<a+b<<endl;
}
};
int main()
{
three obj;
obj.get_a();
// obj.get_b();
obj.display();
return(0);
}
15.Ambiguity resolution in Multiple Inheritance
class A
{
public: void display(void) { cout<<"Class A"<<endl; }
};
class B
{
public: void display(void) { cout<<"Class B"<<endl; }
};
class C:public A,public B
{
public: void disp(void) { display(); }};

15
int main()
{
C obj1; obj1.disp();return(0);}
/* Ambiguity occurs (error) display(); -> A::display(); or B::display(); */

16.Ambiguity resolution in Single Inheritance

class A
{
public: void display(void) { cout<<"Class A"<<endl; }
};
class B: public A
{
public: void display(void) { cout<<"Class B"<<endl; }
};
int main()
{
B obj1;
obj1.display();
obj1.A::display();
obj1.B::display();
}
/* Ambiguity occurs (error) display (); -> obj1.A:: display(); or obj1.B::display(); */

16