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CompIex Sentences
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Contents
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Simple sentences
Compound sentences
The subordinate clause
Relative and adverbial clauses
Writing complex sentences
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CompIex sentences: SimpIe sentences
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Simple sentences
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ifferent types of sentences
Hi Max, do you want to
revise with me for
Friday's sentence test?
Yeah sure Megan. want to
test my knowledge to make
sure that score 100%...
Well want to do well
too. 'm going to become
a famous novelist, so
need good writing skills.
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Can you remember the differences between simple and
compound sentences?
SimpIe sentences contain a subject, a verb and an object.
Simple sentences make sense on their own, e.g.
like tea.
Subject Verb Object
SimpIe sentences
Let's quickly recap basic sentences.
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Read the sentences below:
1. John loves television.
2. My brother eats worms.
3. Norman picks his nose.
ecide which words are the verbs, subjects and
objects in the sentences.
verb
subject
object
Subject, verb, object revision
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CompIex sentences: Compound sentences
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Compound sentences
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Compound sentences
Compound sentences are simple sentences which have
been joined together by the conjunctions: 4r, and or but.
Now let's revise compound sentences.
like tea. like coffee.
These are two simple sentences.
They can be joined to form
a compound sentence:
like tea and like coffee.
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SimpIe and compound sentences
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CompIex sentences: The subordinate
cIause
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The subordinate clause
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The subordinate cIause
Now we need to understand the
tricky part compIex sentences...
Look at the three sentences below:
1. Mr Farrell, who is our EngIish teacher, always gives
great lessons.
2. Liverpool, which is where I Iive, is an amazing city.
3. hate my woolly jumper that my granny bought for me.
Compare the sentences without the highlighted words.
1. Mr Farrell always gives great lessons.
2. Liverpool is an amazing city.
3. hate my woolly jumper.
o the extra words
make any difference?
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Mr Farrell is an English teacher
the speaker lives in Liverpool
the jumper was bought by the subject's granny.
The purpose of the subordinate cIause
The extra words provide us with additional
information about the subject, verb or object.
They tell us that.
1. Mr Farrell, who is our English teacher, always gives
great lessons.
2. Liverpool, which is where live, is an amazing city.
3. hate my woolly jumper that my granny bought for me.
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The main and most important idea in the sentence is called
the main clause. This makes sense on its own.
The additional information is called the subordinate clause.
This clause would not make sense on its own.
Types of cIauses
Mr Farrell, who is our English teacher, always gives great
lessons.
Mr FarreII, who is our English teacher, aIways gives great
Iessons.
Mr Farrell, who is our EngIish teacher, always gives great
lessons.
When the subordinate clause splits the main clause down the
middle, commas are used to show the boundaries between
them.
The sentence below is a complex sentence.
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Spotting different cIauses
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CompIex sentences: ReIative and adverbiaI
cIauses
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Relative and adverbial
clauses
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Okay, so a sentence with a main clause
and a subordinate clause is known as a.
compIex sentence
CompIex sentences
e.g. John walked by the canal that was full of barges.
main cIause subordinate cIause
o you know what sort of word 'that' is?
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The functions of subordinate cIauses
Subordinate clauses can be used for different purposes:
ReIative cIauses are used to provide more detail about
nouns. They are introduced by the relative pronouns
who, which and that.
The food that we ate on holiday was delicious. e.g.
AdverbiaI cIauses describe the verb in more detail. They are
introduced by adverbs such as 8ow, -01or0, happietc.
e.g. ef4re starting work, Roger fed his pet cat.
Relative clauses are used in the middle or at the end of
sentences.
Adverbial clauses can be used anywhere in the sentence.
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AdverbiaI and reIative cIauses
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CompIex sentences: Writing compIex
sentences
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Writing complex sentences
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ifferent types of sentences
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Look at the picture of Megan. Write five
complex sentences using subordinate
clauses. Use these details:
name: Megan
owns: a pet tarantula called Mogg
species: Mogg is a Chilean Rose
wears: hooded tops, patterned tights and
boots
hair colour: red
ambition: to become a writer.
Writing compIex sentences
Remember: introduce reIative cIauses with relative
pronouns and adverbiaI cIauses with adverbs.
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&sing simpIe, compound and compIex sentences
Let's recap when to use simple, compound
and complex sentences.
SimpIe and compound sentences are useful to be brief:
in emergency instructions
to teach young children
for someone who can't read much English.
CompIex sentences are useful to be descriptive:
to explain something in detail
to be precise about what you are describing
to keep your reader interested.