PRESENT SIMPLE PASSIVE

Se forma la voz pasiva con el verbo auxiliar "to be" y el participio pasado del verbo. Estructura Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to be") + participio pasado.

The speech is written for the president. (El discurso est escrito para el presidente.) The house was built in 1975. (La casa fue construida en 1975.) My wallet has been stolen. (Ha sido robada mi cartera.)

Para transformar una oracin activa a pasiva tenemos en cuenta los siguientes puntos: Ejemplo: Mark Twain wrote the book 1. Es necesario que la oracin cuente con objeto directo, es decir que responda a la pregunta Qu cosa? Mark Twain wrote the book 2. El objeto de la oracin activa pasa a ser el sujeto de la pasiva.

The book was written by Mark Twain

3. El verbo principal se sustituye por el auxiliar "to be", en su mismo tiempo, junto al verbo principal en participio. The book was written by Mark Twain 4. El sujeto de la oracin principal pasa a ser complemento agente de la pasiva The book was written by Mark Twain 5. Si hacemos mencin en la oracin del sujeto que realiza la accin (sujeto agente), este ir normalmente introducido por la preposicin "by". No usarlo con pronombre (The car has been washed by him) . The book was written by Mark Twain 6. Como los verbos have to y be going to van seguidos de un infinitivo, es ese infinitivo que va detrs el que se pone en pasiva (be+infinitivo). Laughter can reduce blood pressure - Blood pressure can be reduced by laughter. Te doctor had to heal Dan - Dan had to be healed by the doctor.

They are going to translate the film. Usos.

The film is going to be translated.

1. Usamos la voz pasiva cuando no sabemos quien ha hecho la accin.

o o

A civilian has been killed. (Un civil ha sido asesinado.) The car was stolen. (El coche fue robado.)

2. Usamos la voz pasiva cuando queremos dar importancia a lo que pas, ms que a quin hizo la accin, por cortesa cuando no queremos decir quien lo hizo o cuando es obvio el que lo hizo..
o o o

The letter was delivered yesterday. (La carta fue entregada ayer.) A mistake was made. (Un error fue cometido.) The thief was arrested yesterday. (only the police can arrest thieves)

3. Para poner mensajes el lugares pblicos. Algunas veces se suprime el verbo to be

o

Dogs are not allowed.

Help is wanted

Examples of Passive
Tense
Simple Present Active: Passive: Simple Past Active: Passive: Present Perfect Active: Passive: Future I Active: Passive: Hilfsverben Active: Passive: Present Active: Progressive Passive: Past Progressive Active: Passive: Past Perfect Active: Passive: Future II Active: Passive: Conditional I Active: Passive: Conditional II Active: Passive:

Subject
Rita A letter Rita A letter Rita A letter Rita A letter Rita A letter Rita A letter Rita A letter Rita A letter Rita A letter Rita A letter Rita A letter

Verb
writes is written wrote was written has written has been written will write will be written can write can be written is writing is being written was writing was being written had written had been written will have written will have been written would write would be written would have written would have been written

Object
a letter. by Rita. a letter. by Rita. a letter. by Rita. a letter. by Rita. a letter. by Rita. a letter. by Rita. a letter. by Rita. a letter. by Rita. a letter. by Rita. a letter. by Rita. a letter. by Rita.

Passive Sentences with Two Objects

Para reescribir una oracin activa con dos objetos en voz pasiva, haremos que uno de los dos objetos se convierte en el sujeto, el otro sigue siendo un objeto. Que objeto se transforma en sujeto, depende de donde quiera incidir el foco.
Subject
Active: Passive: Passive:

Verb

Object 1
a letter to me a letter

Object 2
to me. by Rita. by Rita.

Rita wrote A letter was written I was written

Impersonal Passive Se caracteriza por utilizar verbos relacionados con la percepcin (Verbos Intransitivos) como por ejemplo: say, think , suppose, know, expect, consider, entre otros. Es utilizado con gran frecuencia por los medios de comunicacin, sobre todo en la redaccin de noticias. Al utilizar verbos intransitivos como accin principal, no existe objeto que pueda cumplir esa funcin y es necesario seguir la siguiente estructura IT VERBO TO BE PASADO PARTICIPIO

It is said It is known It is supposed It is considered It is reported It is thought It is decided It is expected, that they do their homework. It is expected that we win today. It is considered that he is dangerous It is thought that he broke his leg It is considered that he is dangerous It is said that women are as intelligent as men

Se dice Se sabe Se supone Se considera Se informa Se piensa Se decide