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~Ti!)f;\5 ~~Cll ~lfll Clf1f"l~~lSl '1"'1,9~tt ~~ f;l~ 'lf~ ,~C"~a; <\lW;~- 1tC~l"If~~c'1 O\t{JjiJf~1~'S fO\~wnl 'lC~ f;{C4'l-e"supralogical
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Bupralogical ( ~<\J~T~ ) f<l~91f~\!i~~1"1~ell ~lC~ o!l~l'1 "ff~1Jl ''l{·f~~lt~Ol~
~~If 'S ~~<\ll{ ~<J~ '\?(l~t~ ~,,~tJi vl~T<I~lC~~ ij~'t I ~<\J~l;{ ~tf'fc'!
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Jftlln.'5TC<I ~~fflll ~~C'tel ~~ej, '1~J ~~<fi f'l~J1 \~" 1l1~'l'\1r.:if~f<iiH~ 'llj~llf
sfilt'lt ~t'l I
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(,
~oti!1 "!l~Hl ~r9J{i!)i!l~0l~ ~<\lC\!~~t<\ ''i, ''I f~~J1 'f~ <lfa;t\!t~ 1"(.). ~a>r1
"I would urge you to study the theory further in iter origi f.1~C1HiO{~. ~: <\~~~.''lilt ~~n;{ ~t~<llt~ pT~~lt<\~ C'lllra;<li-~fO\lil~'~TC0\1
source;!, and Dot from second hand one-so It is really much eas' f~'''If'G~
'lll~~<ilCii~f<i\1iC~~~ I!l~~ I!lf~Cllt~ ~f~i.~ltil 4f~ci!) 91tC~O\
.n~ I
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cannot be found," Engels to Bloch. Septewber 21, 1890, Jfl~\!l 'S 'ltllC~'1'fi!)~~f'il ~f~ 91f~\!<lJhH1 .11f;{~1btil;{ I '~lll -;;n"llJ ..!.t'"
~T"*'t<tTif
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,t~t\! 5tt~0! ~11
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-.t1 1 'l~tnt"!/9ht ~~1( \!{'f~~~~ 'lt~ ~~l ~

1S'j: M ~'t~lf 'I'mi Clti\<1supral~gical howler ~t -.~O{ ~if<tC"..£lt~'1if.I!{f~OIOlfo{
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~fi1T.,Ol,"BeCore all else Marx was
.
-'~<:i~'M 0l~0l1 Cli'SlJ1IfHHI I h1 ~~C\!~ c<11q11l;l~c<1 c1t, \!.~ 'l~~ " F' <lhtinO' was his natural element."
011t10019t. I" "
9ff~~ ll~r"fc~ ~1j,~llf 1i~~~ ~1" f'lS ~~! <!i~fOlt~1;\!il~ 'S 9ff~ , . Co~munist" ~<l~ i5T: C'<ll~ 7
alre
J)octrlD . ~ (: <ltt~~ fD~~ "~~'\!t"~ 11~
~'t~~ ~ fOllJT~f\!l"f-lforr"lf.l~ @9f~"€~~t finn ~filt\!i 9frfk\!t~Ol CttlIr"lt.<t;1t (I) -1{llI/~if 'l~:" lICO{
~lRc~ ~{C~ C~, '( ~ '"l10l _
• ~~Ol~ Dl~C\!~ 9ftc~ OftI ~ ~~~'l'l (3 -STC1J~111;'11C~l01~ 'l~'t '{f~~1 ~"€1l1 llnl OftI ~"'11
( ) "~~~<tt'f 'a{t~ "jff~"'~ Olttll~ i\~ ~'Sif'¥~, Ql~ ~~ ~~ ~ Das Ca.pitBI-~ ,<lito{ lfr"ffol~ lI~~tif Iflf~Wt ~~l~ cslrll~'(3
~~\!i1 'S ~st~'lS ~t'f"l't, 111~""Olt~OlI" [1I1~'lJ ~'¥<lrtf '€ 'l1l1~'\!~- '<tt
out 1-' (~)
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~1t '2f1lt'l 'lS~1~~lJtt~ I (.• ) . ~~~ 'lfJlilJ ~"'t<lo{if{ol-1ltqi;frlJ9f~f~t'! ~tlJl'1 '€ '~Pllt~~ 1I1qi1j,<1tt~ ilt'<f-,\ill
( ~) "~;j~ '€ ~01~~ ~~tPz~ 'a{0l'J)~ ~ Marx-~~ lItO{ ,'lSt0{ ~~m ..!l~'1f~"f)'7l~T~ 1M9i)~~ ~~C~~ ~H'\ I Igl: C'<I111
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~~"f O{l~""~lJ~~~ <It,,~~ ~f~9ft'fo{ l\la.rxist-Clf~ ..!l~ffl'~1 <!1tl)!1I" ('~r~J ~Mc~t~'" ":sr.'!.'!: '!ltll>Clf~CIft"f~t~111r~('H'if ~fQ'{lll9ff~fs~ ':!m C~lOlfiiO{{m~""~
~~ '€ A~<l-<lh~ c'<ft~,'"If''~tH fDl1, i!t1<l'l,)~C ~ ) f~~ 1.!l~~9f "~f\!i 11~ n71 Ofll- f~ ~CjjTf~~ 9f"6r~'1' (hindsight)! 9ff~~ lI~t"ftlJ.~ ~tOft ~~l~
~1j, "ftl~O{ f~~9f 7 1I1*'t ~ ''<ltll '11 f9ftil~tlf~ Cii~<l~ ~c~'t A 1Il~~"'.l ~t,,~~ '!It'qiRl'lf ~~'lf~'\ I!{nl lITqiJj't~ fl)~l-9f~f\!~ '<l:§jlf,,~ ~J<l~tt~
"1ft, L ~~ lIrqi't '€ lIr~ U~Cl!~ ~:?!r ~tl)M~ ~~Q'{-ell 'llll9i<lJ<l~1 " 'l(tfl"l-9f1\!il71\!i<ft~ I ~,*t't~ '!i{t'qiRl~ \!il~'f~'\ "transforms the living revo-
,1ft ~t9flJt~" ~~1~c" ~ii~O{tl) ~~t~ <lt~J ~t~ ':!t~t~ '!{t,a'l 9f~~~ .lutionary propositions of Marxism into dead, meaningless formulas. It
~t~O{ I b'lses its activities, not on e~perience, not on the results of practical
"<lto{~(3 1IT0{t<l~~<:ilf1Z'lS \!il;rjl~ ~t~" C'<IrlllI~t"ltlJ~ ~1~'t~ i\tiif~ work. but on quotations Crom Ma.rx," I!{l~ ~lq;~lJ 9f~f\!~ ~<l~Tf01"-U;qm
~f~t~ 9ftt~ I f~"1 1l1~ ~"'Ol, 'lt~ll "begin to differentiate themselv -relies not on quotations and aphorisms, bu~ on practical experiences.

from animals as they begin to produce their means of subsistence." (~ teating every step it takes by experience, lea.rning from its mistakes

1ft~ ~"iJJ~~ <lI~ ~'7l0( 0{1~,~T~r~1~ <lI~l~ <l~t\!it~O{ I 'a{tlltt~~supralogic and teaching others to build a. new life." (~)
A'9ff~\5 lIH'"ltlJ~ 1!{:§3~<l1I!{ij\!iJ'5f~'\-"'l1l\!1i\~Jt \!il~1l I f;~T'l ~l<jStcrrt~~ ~H:t f\!f;t 1I1qiC'l~Capital-..!l ~tfJt~ttf~
'It: C1fn:.1t~ ~'tO{l

(") "lltO{~ ell 1l1'a....fiitil;J ..!l~~o{ Doctrinaire G'Jmmunist filf;{ rot 'ftO{ "Itt I 'l,rO{ f'!R '!i{:4{~ f4i~~ 9\1~ Oll~ <11 9fl~t\!i 5tt~0{ O{TI ~: ~t~
f~ -.~t\!o( Oft'1{ ~1~~ lI"!~lf '<lI~ ~~~ e ~tt~J 9ff~'t\!i ~~1~ <lI~ ~cO{S \!{'fA ut ..!l~ 9fr~~ ,;'\f.l~~ fSfM1~l <lIijllTf~t.,,,, "~t~ I.!lt~~'l ~1,lttil"~~ ~~;qtlf

~ ," (~f~'<tlf~, <!1'1f\!i'(3 f~~ -<lh~ C'<1111,

'"If;t<llt~~ Thl1, i!tt<l'1 ~~t ~ ) ~ ,~ C~\!iH ~~1l1 ~lltt~O{ 7" C?If,ltO{~ 9fl~l ~~~ 1!{1~~1 ~: Clfl1K"

>;!l{~~

making
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Dialectical
What
Materialism
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7"
did Marx or Engels write th'a.t was not

<2l~1tlfr~ ~t~~ ,'t ~~MTOI:)~ '~'l" wJrd-maktng ,~n,Ca'l~ SMC~ 011,~fo!!J (t) "'J!rrs:1.l~ \lT~ Jj~~ Hege1ian Sate, ~~1 'l5\tt~ Marxist State O{t~ , •••

t~rft'! ~tc't ("The philosophers have only interpreted the world i "l~1t'I Jj~l~~l Cli ~~m CJfTOlT~9ft~~~Tfi;-.!I<lI~ <I~f~Ol ~~~ ~~t'! 9tt~~l

various ways; the point however is to change it."-Marx -Thes ."lft O{)~c~\!r~l "I~~rr~ ~f~lJTt~ I" ('t) ~TOlC~Hl1 0l~0{ 1f~~' ~lI!~l "'~t
on Feuerbach). ~~c't~ 'l~~HlIilr., ~~~~ \ST~H pn fo!li{" I ~lr8l7' 'ICOll
;\'t.c~~T~~ ~~llTt~ ell Jj~ supralogical ~tH \!T~HI 'l~~ll! c~f~c~ ~lTf~~Tt~I

~ ~~~ ~-!l't'~!l'l \~tt9f~ h~~~ ~'1~11~ 'l~~ ~t"t f;t~tti"

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lIft~1 ~·rr~tl1 ~,:~/ ~~i[l '4TC~I ~r'l~PfTSl:tr~.( 'l'l~ ''1f~~ '5t~ftl9lfT~ <2lf~
animist. Animist ~ ~g"Ut~ <tt~m <tJ<t~~ <l'film~O{ I (~) f~ ~t~
-£It ~f5:ljT~ 151~I!l~~ ~~i[ ho.vler ~r\lll
~f~~~ 11-,,9 ~~ I ~g1lJTc"l~ e1lC,,! '{t""$'(~~~l ~~<tt~~ ~, ~~t~l (~)
1i~!f.nif supralogical I5ICfrt~~:if O{~ <tC~'L(<li~ r<~<tJ" ,~O{ ~h~7 ~ 'l{lfTt~ I f<li~ 151t~ ~clfilJ ~tffit~ ~g~JttOl~ "l~ ~fil~l 1it~~
~~Tft\5 -e c"lrll~C~~Sl ~tc~ • ~11" ~C~ f4~ \Sf: c~tcll\1 wt"ff;{<t5~~~~l"lC~tt
( I!~ <ff~ ) animism-<!I~ clff<! 'fC~"lf<l' <i'~m? ~g1iJto{'~ 1I1&'~~i!j<Wft\!it~
1(~C~ !l1~~;ifr.<lfH<J'1r" <tC"'l~"ll I
~ ....
~ '"l-I!l~~ I!l~ O{t~I\~) I5Ir~tCif~supraiogical ~~'C"!~ O{Si~~'¥t~m~ I
Paulsen 'lfilc~c~"l "Ignorance alone can claim that the morali
of Democritus or Epicurus has anything in commun with a moraU
(~) ·~Jarx failed to escape .. .from idealistic philosophy" Eastman-Marx, Lenil)
aDd Revolution
of licenti,JU-lnes3." \Sf: C<TrC~il~!i~r$i.1Tif:~ 'if~~ '~T~f.i9JttSl ~~"'I~l
~"lr (3 C\!i1jf.lignorance! ( •• ) "The diale t' h'l
• c Ie p I osophy, ..was a bold maneouvre in the defence of animism
agam t science' E I,
•. astman, MarXism-Is it a sciene ?'
(11) "M E '

(.)
(

J(\1IJ '8
o
C1f\1l-"If.I~tt~B~,.l~.
~1\\~!1-~)f. )'4t~ I
,
ax astman's Cartesian materialiSlTl"-G. B,~, • •
. \
(
r
 t S'I8
"lt~~tlf '8 "llt~O{~ 8 ~t

~J~ O{;"O{~.ofT~~'>ff~ l.!I~~ttO{1 C<f~ ~19\A3 <1'fu~ 9\tCQO{'l{ \51":c'<lt~ ~

~ R~ O{~ '''IRO{ <(~~ l.!I~~ Bernstein c"t~~~
~<1'Q'{
'<1'CQO{
O{t~,C'llTM<1'
*~<mI «iC"I~t~'liStC~ f~~t~ <1'~~ltt~O{ c~," .) ~~f(t;"I ,

materialsm ~ (materialist animism) I" (~t~J '€ ~t~0{~1-q"~ ~ ~~~~ <!'~l:"I~! -1St: c'<ltr;~~ l.!I~ \5{f'Sc~t~-.s (~'g"lJt(;O{~
L ateriahst alllIU1SIU .
'~"'~ 0{<\'''I'l~4J~ ~'1 flfc~~' 1St: ,'<lt~ <@tc~C~'l-"'''If~O{ c~ ~~ ~ ~ III 0{ I "It<fi>1l~ ~<l:tIf ~~<1'tb9\t~r;<\, ~tct~, ,~\!j~~ <(t;"I 0{1I ~
~fj;Sf'l fun Bolshevik 9\tffl\1;c~t~t~ R~Q'1 <\,CQ'l ,~~ ~~ Dialectic
) n;~ c~ '''ItC<ft'S~ 'l'S~t~1 T:illfil\!) O{~I ~~gj~ I(gC~ I(gr;~
magical senseI!) <{Jq~~ ~~ O\t~ I" ~~ ~3'llJtCo{~ ~f~~R 1 (~ )
• ~
~ ~
~~~ G-mc lft~M~7i\!jtQ l\~'S~,
'C{f\!jfll\!l"11
\!I'
~~ili'tfu (leap) '€ ~~~
+.;
~~q-
Gt~qt~ ISfW1St: ''i{t~ ~5ft<f-9\tf{9C~J~~~t5f ~~tajO{ <I'~~1 <{MNC~o{, "~~
~Ji I 'O{t~<f ~§3j0{ ~~t~ \5{~~ ~t'1 1~~ I
~~~JiiC~ 'ajRC'lQ ,~~ ~'a:, O\t~ What To Do. <{~~ O{tf<\'~!!Jf~t"i ~ ~1#~ ~<l:i~ ~ <O<I"lt~<l:iift"
9\~c~st \5{t<!t~ animism-l.!I~ ~9fst l.!I~
~ ~1~ l.!I<t'jlJ
<!'~ I ...•"
0{1I <{~fh ~~CQ~ ~~<!11f~~lltc~ f<\'0{1~tf" ,,1 I ~t'l~ R<1''' ~pft .fl _ ... ~=r l.!I~ ~ctt-e animism-l.!I~~ ~'SJ~~ ~~~~'11
~" c-.ol? ~?;j~\!I ~I)\!)",,, . .
~tc~ I" ( <("~<PC'i{t~) 1~~9\f{9~ ~~t"t~ "~~~~f~~c~" (1) ~<t' <\'~mc~"" l't'lll • _ --r.. ~1\~~~ 9f~C~ "Conjunction of ethiCs and
T lor C1f~lJtr:~O!,'l~l\!lp\ . f:: ~
To Do ""f;1c"Q ,i!('§ ~'a:-Imperialism <{1State and Revolution ~ I Y . h" f~ iStn 'i{~C~ I Animism-l.!I~ ~I~ l'\~t~
oimistic phllosoP Y ., -
~Q\11 9\~~ "l~t-r~ ~tRC"I ~t"5~ ~~c<{'l ,~ <{~~ 9ft€m ~t~ r' ~~c~~"1c'! " "" ~~ 0!1I ~~ "l~:tft'll ~tlf"C<I' alllIUlst <{i.'jic\!Ii
supralogical ~<lJt~<l:tifI~
(What is to be done) ~~~: ) '11)17 <{~~~~~ ~~~tc~, i5t~~q~ ~~r;~-e
..r-911t0\~'l ( ~~"lJtcO{~) 0{<f"l0{~4J~t(lj I
'l~~~'1 ~<fltM\!j ~~~tc~, - <\'Cll<\'<{~'l~ %~ qt~aj1 ~~<!tlf-.s ~~~tf~"I, ~C<l
~~r;~fl;f 'e{C9\",jC'i{~ "l~t"tc~~ 9fc", ~fIf «i~t~ '<1M 9f~ij~ iSt~1 ~~- f1tQijt ~9l<f\lf
9f~c<{O{,<l't~t~-.s ~9(f'S o{i~ I 'e{<!~~l.!I~'lq ~<{t~~ <\'Q\19\fu~ "l~t·IC~~ . ~ ~Q\J1 ~f~~ ~9j~ 'e{t"ltc~ ~: "~3~Jt,," ,'i{t~ ~t~ <I'~t~~tc~O{~t~<,1;
~ll{5 l.!If(I' '. :;,. R " T b "
~fe>Q ~W~ ~~~<\' I lltfil<fl ~~'lM"ltf~O{~3'llJto{ '€ '~CIf4J' 'e{«Jt~qtift '" ~l I "Animism ~~tc~ «"l~ ~t~O{~ 'O{q~z ~~tr;lf~ <II' a 00,
C'i{t~'O{t~~n1:<\'~~tr:~'l '~l.!I~ ~C~ (What To Do) '''If;{" "~<!tlf I1It filll{J1~f~ ~~C'l f~R ~ l.!I<t'~Pl'<lJt~ ~t~~ "I~mc~O{I f~f;{ Plekhanov-
fif"lltr;~O{
I l.!I<\''!liO{
«t~1 Dt~tc~O{l.!I<{~
~9f~ '!li0{~3~JtC~ 'O{~ O{<l'aj'l-t"t f-. 111~O{~~ fu~~O{ lISt: C'<lt~~~~ <\,~c~r;~O{"by submitting to nature (man)
~-TI ~ ( What To Do) 9(~~tc~O{ 7 ~~1 f~ «i~tkT-~tc~~ ~'1, 011, increases his power over nature." ~~ O{tf<ll'
~ "l~"tc~~ ~r;~ Plekhanov-
"l~t"\t;~~~_«i~t-TI-i5t~1-Cqtr:«~~"lt'1, 'O{t'ltr:If~9\r;", ~t~1 <{"I1'O{~,&qI f<t'~ 111~ f'I~ I "f1I~t{S" foI:~i\f~, ~r;<{ ,~~0\r;<1:~ O{t;~, lS1'&t~ <{"~C<p~I <\'t~'1
l.!I~~c'a: f<\' <(C"i" C\f~ ~t ~ I ~~~tO{19f~ Q\tf~r;aj9ffu~'l~t~ '!litf.\r;\!)9\t~ Plekha.nov--.!l~ ~ ~~~ ~t~c'&~ ~K~ "if we adopt the point of view of
l.!I~~C~ 'O{Co{<II'
f<l~~~ "l~m \51"~tC"l<t'~<t'~fqr;'i1;t~ Bernstein '€ ~ the cha.mpions of the 'oeo Kantian' criticism of Marx." 1St: ,'i{t~ '1<1:
'l"l~<\'*'1~ ~~r;~ ~W~ 1 Supralogical ''<lt~-9\f{9~ <{MC~C~'l, l.!I~ ~C~ ~'t ~~1{C1{ f~ .•tlil <{tlf ~~tc~O{ l.!I<{~
<{M~1l.!1~'e{~· ~~~~~ 'lC~~ ~Clft~ f9t~
'!li~qtlf ~'l~'l fif~tc~O{I ""Ro{ l.!I~ ~C'i:~ "l~'t<!tiftclf~ f.\r;~"t ~C~C~'l, ~lftl m~5t9\t~mr;~., I ~'i1;9\~ ~'(g:~t~~O{ Ift;'&~~c5f MPtr;~~O{." "Plekhanov
to apply practically the materialist an~}ysis and the matel'ialist was a. clown posing as a .propket. l.!I~ ~f'e'~ 'O{t~ <t't~'M€ O{~, ~'ll~~ I
t

mate of all aspects of the life and activitiefil of all classes, state Plekhanov--.!l~ ~ 9\~~~ ~"l~ ~t<2ttc'(g l.!I<\'tN~q~ 0{1 fi.'jf~ Q\tf<t'r;~9(t~
groups of the population." ~~~ «i~t;ft, f<l; ~~r;<{ '!litA 0{1-~~~ ' Oft~" (<f) I ~ ,'i{t~ 9f~<t'CIf~~~~~ <l'C<,1;O{
O{t~I C<f'~ clown ~~1~ ~
~~<Sf",I' ~'lqtlf-fu'i1;t~ 'e{W'l<! 9ffG~~t€ ffllSt: ''i{tc~~ "l~ l.!I\!)D"l~<t't~ ~~ m-.r:ii1l 0{1 \R.tm ~~ O\t~ I

l.!I~~C'i:~ ~~J 1f<\fr;~~'l O\t~-~~ ~t~n1 '!litRr;~'l 0{1 <{M~tt f<ti~~ ffll.!l~O{ 1St: ~ '7\ ~f&~r;~ ~~ ~t<\' I "l~i1.qtl[r~1 ~~~~ Ifill, 'O{~l.!I<{

~~J~ ~~~1 <(~ Q\tR 9(~~t~"'O{ I '!lit"lTo{9f~\!) Rosenberg Mf~~r~:O{, ' capita.lism--.!l~ ~~ ~t~1 ~<.{ 'l'if~~~~ ~~i <{Plm Q\tf<t't;<{o{ll capitalism-,<II'

Lenin actually revived original Ma?'xism together with all its c J('l(~ -.fl:t<! 1 ~<{J~ 9(f~r;~~ ~~~ ~~aj '"11M<\' f1l~t'(g I "lt~i~ ~<{tr;~
~~ ~tl6~~ 1St: ~ fif<{J~~ "lc~ ~~i ,~~t~ ~1l1 '~aj C1fN~~ I
( <f) "It is not easy to find a formula that will flatly and absolutely contr ~'111~ Capital-l.!I f~~ 'if~ 9fto{0{1I ~,&q~ ~R Capital--e "{~1l1
animistic construction as subtle as that invented by He"el and stood Qn its h
• 0 • •
MarX but in this Qook What to do"-Eastman. Rosenberg-Democracy and Socialism.
It.
 8'1~
8'1'1
~Ol Oit~-'f~t-rr l5{~qtlf<!lCIfC"I'Jf~i:iSf
9ft'€il1~t~ OiiqMili I f<ls~~~ . .
against things as he finds them and change
W1~Oi-I5{t~~j ~~~fiSfl5{~qti:1f ~{g~ ~~~ 9f~i:~~-
"Man confronts nature as one of her Own forces ... Nature
..., *"+-~~~Oi "ecrasez l'infame" \!i{'<lt::.
"'l'l~Jf'f'Q<!J~
an instrument of his activities with which he supplements hie ~ ~~tst C<! 1'1 "" II ' , • ~

~ =tR O{j 'S~'llTC'Q~ ~~ ~Rilt~ I <!l~'5"(C~ ~ ~

bodily-organs, adding a cubit to his stature, scripture not ....- "( 1f) 'fSl 1'1 I "'ll , :';'>,. ~
,." I +-; =I?r 9ft~~ ~ C<!"t~C~ 9\tfill ~l'f. f<lr~NI~Oi~~~-
• tanding." ~t~~ ~~~~ Ift'f r ~*~ ~~? i1fqJ~t;ft ~&I~Q f'f qcaj;{r ~ ~ 11f ~'<l'I"l ~-..'il\-
~ ~ 3l~ <!l~-,,~aj~'f<!I
<!J~i1f~,~~ f~$~'Q~q, I!i!'fc~tfu; '€ O{~aj<i<WII
I
~~'t<{tIftQjiSf~~~~? CIf~j~t'f ~t: c«tc~~"clown" Plekhanov f~
"The Social democracy looks upon its own activity as a necessary
~~f(i~~~ ~t~J
in the chain of those necessary condition the combination of
<!l~ !f"f<i~~~ ~f~~tt'f \!i{j'f1~~ I ~1il'f.~lftm ~W~~ 1ft'!,~~~l \!i{~g<ltlft
;
makes inevitable the triumph of Socialism."
:;. t~=r-t •• c,,~t~<t'filc~ 9ftc~ Oli,-<!l~<i~ "flf<U~t;ft" ~tgft<it~~
15{~<fl
Plekhanov-<!l~ \5t~ti:~~ ~t: c«ti:~ ~~1 ~~~tc~Q ><9\g 'I{'!~<1""~ 7jf ~I",~ " , ~ g
~~n~'€ fWc<l
I I!l~~~~'1~I!i!NJt~<IiIjt~<it~'QIft"fRq; ~'11'f clf~t<i~ l.{~~
"People often see in the materialist conception
which proclaims man's subjection to the yoke of an uncomprom
of history, a do
:7 Plekhanov-'€ ~~ qMllt~~"'Oi, ~~t'f1 <ti~ ~~~i1iC<1'<!lq~I!i!W~Ii~"t'Q
~~ll~ ~~~~If'Q,C'ft~t'1 ~~~~l <1'~~<1'~fSi9fI (~)
bFnd necessity. It would be difficult to find a more perverse'
~~'f11f~ iSit9ftofi
~~<Ii-l.{t~t'Q ~tt~ ~~qtlf C<1'q'1~tl!j
"~'1J" <iii,~9\~0\<ti
It is precisely the materialist conception of history which shows
f5~-e ("dangerous thought" ) q~~ I 'ft~ q\}j'Q~film ~'f'1~<1'C~~1f~<i<iJ<i~
the course leading from the kingdom of necessity into the King
~t~ <ff~t'€ i9fi9itol't
R~{~~~ ~l (Chara) ~~,:,It~COi
'll~<t't~~fiI?;~ qtljJ ~Oi-
of freedom."
"Notwithstanding all the measures taken by the Government smce
I5{t~ti:lf~~lijJ1-~~,~iSf9fM~~~ 'f~~~ iSf<!t~<!
15{t~o.!l'f 9ffu~ <!fo1c~
1928 to cut the roots of the Communist movement, this movement
is amazing that critics should have overlooked the place and fun
has taken such deep roots that, even repeated arrests of Communists
accorded to class consciousness in Marx's thought" ( ~) ,Amazin
and of the entire leadership of the movement, the Government if!
,«~ !
unable to achieve the final destruction of Communism". "~'1J i9f~<ltlft"
~1--e~: c«t~ ~taj ~t~~~01 <ii I f~A qfo1~~Ol,
~M'llt'llCajRCOi~
"f<i~t~ "~lff~ ''5t~M9J{,,'~~f'i:>'Q~t~ i9ft9\toft~t~qtli'ki'i'Q <!l<fi1C<!llt~l<lJq~~ !
f<fi "~qtclf~ ~~~ ~~tM~" 'ffil~~c~ Oil? f~J~tofi 9ffu~ 15{q~ <!l
f~ <f~~COi,~t9ftoft'fJtPl~~If~ ~~~ 'llt~<i~~ '1~t~CIlijllt~ <fit~C"l<t'C<Ii
"'iJ'IJ iSf~~tt". CajROi~,~ ~t<Ptqt~~If~ <t'~ 15{p\c'1~I5{tR~~ OilI ~
m "m~l?
<1TlfJ ~tljt~'1 C<1t~'f~t~ ~COi I f~~ 9ffu~~~11fNt~'1 Cajt'f0i0i,
9ffu~~ ~t: ~~Q ~~ «~~f~qt~" 0i0iI <!J~~~~ <!J'f 9ffu~ ~tRm "
~ \!~ 011i9ftRllt~'f~ iSfn01Oi,
Oill~ i9ftf.lllt'€'SftR~~ Oil! ~t-nc~ ~*'l-9f~1
~C~gi" 'f~~ qMC~C~-"It seems t6 have been Marx- •
9ff{i~ ~~ ~ <lM~ fWc~ ~Oi, 3ftt'i! I!i!tiSf
m~f.I~~l 'fq~~~ If'" '~Oi ?
apparently so unintelligible to the (i:,~~inary man who brought
~"lfu~ lft'f ~~'ll1? 011,'llt~~t~ ~~ \!i{~9t<I~'llli 3ft'i!, ~~t~tf'5m, ~~t~,
conviction of it and ended the domination of fate. Man is not b
~-eo:, c9fMJt~-~~tt9\~ ~~J'l'~ Oft\-n-<li<l'>1'~ClfC"I~ I!i!tiSf~~l'f.'ltlft~l
to a pitilessly revolving wheel but can contribute to the making
~'tC~ ~'Stt~ I ~t~~ <1'~'1 ~t~~t~ Oit~-n-lit~~'Q f<l~c~ ~':..lltt'I{~t~,
his own history." ( ~) ~tf"l'lltQ "R~t~ ~~gl" "~ iSi~~ni1"-Clf~
COl '1'~fu~m~CIi~~l;It~ C<lMI <!J~~~t".lif~t~~ ~~t{gCIi~I <!l<liSfOi
f;{~C9f'lt'
f.'t'lt't~~ 1f~~~~~tt~ I ~~'t-e ~t~~ ~~t~ca'lo{, "For a practical materi
a Communist, the thing is to revolutionise the existing world,
( .• ) ~i1u ~ 't~i{\!I-~'i)
~1(l c<l111 I •
(~ "Even a little conversation with Messieurs Bismarck, Caprivi, Crispi or

( ~) '~tllJ~ ~t~i{\!I-.wflll C'iftll I Casimir Perier will tell you of the miracles of activity and energy ~f the ':necessar~ans"
(' tt) Hook""':"Hegel and Marx. &Del "fatalists" of our time-the Social democratic workers". ~Plekhanov~E5says '
etc:. ,. 'ii",
'\: ''1) The Russian peasant and other.es<;:!v<;-Sir Tnhn M ~"M~,;I
 ", ..
t Leftwing Communism) "It<fi~<1tr:if~~~r;~ "~~,j'.'Ii~ <il~ 9\19\"

1jt~<\tN;S ~f;Jc~~~) ~t,,~_lOtt1jC~Qf<ril'C"li

1j~~tt'il ~'\'ft~tfs~ f.I~\§ ~'l . '1,1t6 ( C<if.fc~ \5~) "mad in:atuation with somE! bot'1~geois

m~foI~ \WjQ 'llf~ \!It~t~ 'ilCIfJ~~ ~~ 'iiCS\~ c~~"1~9\t1\~Clf~'llfrrJ I .onable tendency." 'O{i~<!l~;j'l1leftlsm-<!l~ 9\ftI~f~ ~~'1 0 bed~ence,

apaibY, pha.ntas(' 'O{fr~ C'litt;j1 0I'l1 ~c~~t"Q-'O{<i\!>tCQQ

DQC'1'O{t'~Pl"ll9f'1-
¢o,ooo ~f~f.\~ ~<\1j~C'<{Q
'l~J~ f;\~ ~ 1 (~)
~~tQ 9\~-e C<f~ f<f P\"41'1 "<f~C<iOlsupralogical ~m~c~ "<f~'l:!c~- .~" <\t1{9fi'tr;~ C~ ~~tc~~ I 'O{~ IgW~ C'<{j?;~Q? f<i"1~wr'1C~"Q

"~t~~\§n O\tC'ilMarxist animist-Clf~ ~"f9Ic~~ f<!Ml1<\~ ~1 'O{tC'lI" ~"f9\?;'Gl

~~ f.{~~~~f.{ ~~tf.p.(r;"lQt"l~}jt~ ~c~ '\'ft~'l1 ~~c~OI: "'O{t~ elf I

• f~l.!1 <\~ ~~~tn~ <\~ f<f-mc'i\~ ~~ ~t~l~ ~~f9Ic~~ f<£til,{1

~ ~~l.!K~ <\fqj~ ~ui'r I"

011'O{t~~~t~ "<ff'il\5f;l.~9(tf&~OIt~'lOt~clf~ 9(t~' I"

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CIf·
t<ft<it~ fil~1 \5i¥t~l,{1 CI(~'l1 ~tl,{ \!I\§'lf'\ ~\§'lf't fit<iJ'lj3tco\~ 9{"t~1 ,\fqjll
"l~S\t~ 'l'&<iI "<ft0l~~ ~t"l"lt~ ~. ~~r;\§ "<ft~ "t~lfClf"Q flf;{ 9(~~ ~nm~
"<ffil@f;l.~9(ti'&~€ <il<f111
.!rf\§~ ~DOI1~~~tt~. 'O{t~~ C'l .£rf\!lc~ ~\§OI "1.\§O{'O{ltTtl
cllt~ ~~C\!lC~I ~t<fHl "Qt~tl.!C'1tC"l"l'6ffi ~\§J1 ~~C~ <'{i'i.'\<l't\!lt~'€ C<it'ilt~r;l~ 'f~tR5-"'~~
m~l,{ ~t~t~~ 'O{t~<il<'{i
'O{~Jtr;l,{~
c~t\1-~tl1 9(~ ~f~~ ~DOI1~~C\§C~ - C'I~ ~D"Ia ~tllt'$f -9t~1
<il<'{i~
lft~ ~C\§ ~l,{C<if<f? filffl"t 'Ii:!{t~J<\tClf"Q
fOl<fCf;,€<ffil\5R~Clf~ l'ft"l f!{r;\§~l ,
~i!l<i1ift~r:~JQ OIt'11Nr;<f~ 'O{~t« 'O{t~lclf~ f;\<lIl1 'O{>o9\g
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Pl~-\!\~ 'l~<'{i.f\~1\!It~ filr;~~, '6~$~~ 'llt~OI\!1t"Q"t~lfCif~ ~llfijj"1~~
<\t~i.'\tCl'fc"t
~~ 'O{t<it~C'l-9("R1"lt'\'€~~t'l Clf~ ~l,{ 011I ~t~ «'r;i.'\<\till"lt"Q~fh <'{it'llf'6
fifc\§c~) fitC\!lC~ "t~r;"Q~101\§"l\§ "l~"Q 'O{t"Q~tr;'il~ ,,\\§ "l~ ~<'{i I 'llt~~1l
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~f\§~t'l f<f "<f~~1 ~DOI1<f~r;\§ ~l,{ ~~1 \!It~t~1 <il"<f-'O{tlf~lericOl 1-;{1 ~~
~ ~ ~9t -e M:Q1N Ci.'\~"<f
<\tillS\11jt~C\§J~ <!l~ ~c~t~o{)~ fw<'{ifi;c~'O{t~f;\c~t~
f~OI <i~"Q'O{tc~Cll9(tlf C<i-'O{t~~~i.'\, 'O{t~~ OItf<f ~iClf"Q011 'O{tc~ ~'QJt~ 0\1
-~, ~~ ~~1 ~ ~~ \59\Q ~ttl!"Q lf1~ <il~ N'Ii c~r:<lS ~«C<iMI ~~OI
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"infantile disease'; ~~C'Ii \§fi¥t € "f<f~ leftism <'{i~'€ 9(Rl~t~ <lSRlr;<i .,1" "'"' ~<'lr:~~ "l~lf-" ~~ e~~ ~~~~~~ 'ltlft~c"1~ f;{'lif; ~9\M:\§ <'{i'QCi.'\"
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<'{i~,\"leftism 'l~CllclOt'l~ ~~ 'lltr;~J"Q~'1'lf't') I \.~) C"ff<{r;OI"Q

<il~~1leftist ~~ ~ e~ <\1i!li.'\1ClfClOf~ei.'\t~-~<iCOI~ 'O{~~~~ '8 f<1~~~tl,{ \s{IfJt~ ~~'1~

'l'ilC~ Lenin f'li <iC'101

?-"The weakness of such revolutionism, its ;~ C5tC~ ~"<f 'O{m ~i.'\ C~'1 1 9\W1"Qc~fqj~'l <il ~Pl~"R. <i1 'O{tQftc~Q

[utility, its liability suddenly to transform itself into obedience, a.pathy, 'i(f.~-5QR. ~~9\"T-1"'l{'il'1f}j~~~R!;<fT"Q'"<f~ 43 <l'm~ <l'"l'Ii~~'il~ <\1<lI~ ~iR~<f,
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phantasy and even into a mad infatuation with some bourgeoiS ~ ~I~

fas~ionable tendency-all this is a matter of coromen knowledge" \fl~ 9\:Sl"1'\'ft~~

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t lieftwing Communism) llt~l!.~tcii~ -fq~C".li"ll'\.~~"<1'"Q\!l~ 9\1'1"

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'1'4CiliLenin f<ii ~ClOl ?-"The weakness of such revolutionism, its ;~ CSiC~ ~~ ~m ~<1 c'lt., I 9ftf11~ c~fqj~'l. ~j '8P1ilQ ~1 ~Qftt"Q"Q
futility, its liabili ty suddenly to transform itself into obedience, apathy, !¢1-mRt ~~'1'1f1"l{l{"lPl,~ 5j)~<l'T'Q'<!i~ ~ <!irn.~ <f.~ ~~~~'ll <Ii <1'~ ~~9tct:
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phantasy and even into a mad infatuation with some bourgeoiS ~ •• C~ ~ 'l'Oll<ili<r-l'€ '1it'l1ftc~ M~ ~f~~t'l \!l~~ 'll$\ r.'ll
fash:ionable tendency-all this is a matter of commen knowledge" ~ 'Ittift;{- \!l~ ~"1mm ~Cl<1:1Ol~ 1 \!l~ il<i ~tf~"1'Q ~f9\!i ~<r-lllt<m,'1~t'lll-
~ ~<1: ~~ C<j~~~<li-~/ <\t,<:jt~'1irm"l~ \!l-c<1'<itt~(~~Nif<:jf9t'
t (~) Report on x,ugoslavia-Hans Lehrman; New Statesman and Nation, Sept.
~~ ~'l~ <!ilQ'1~Ol~l frI~~ <!i~Q <!i~Olt~"Qi1;,~tf;\!l ~c"rf;~1 .~~
15.1945.Q ,

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CifC~~, ;$~tlS ..!r "Immediate useful" ~"" ~'fh<2IN>c<tR 'f~t~~r~~.
~M~ ~ PtC"j« ~O{ OIl I ~1 ~t~l 'ftlft'ilC'1'il~~ Till the day I die-~
• ~ar 1-<1l~ ~C'l~o{~ '!{tfil <1l~O{t~""~~c~ ~~Cl{ ~'~~ ""'~ RC~ 9ftfif <1l~
~~ i5tt~~ <1l~~~~ '!{t<~l~~~ <f'ilC\!il>t~ I Waiting for the Lefty ~
the day I die <1l~ ~rc~ <1lcarlS~'il1 ~~ If'ilCOI'il.
<1l~~~t~ <tarc~l>t~ I
<ltf,,"~M <1l~tc~ I
c>'tC~~ <1l~\Stc~'il c~ ~t~~ O{t~" 'O{tc~ ~tC'RT 'O{t~Jto{~~ ~Ci{;C~1[
'S//<tomillt~f~fsc~ I 9fi{;C'\!iC<!"f "Itc~ f~~ O{t~m ~~O{t~ 'f~t<t"f Ofl
~Of~ 'f'il1 ~~ '~"I1 f,,"~ c"I~C~'il C"l~t'il ~N>~'l-~l>l?:~ Clf~ m Clf.
~C~ C'lM 9ft,,"lIS <{'1[1~'il~ I <1l'il""t'il'1<t"lC~C~C"I, <1l'il1[CIfJCi1f~
C"l~ 'O{CO{,,"
'l<tC~C~f~ O{t~~fUR~'ft~~ 'O{tC"Itl>Ofl ~'il1 if'il<ft~ ,
Paradise 1%fsc~ C"I~j I ~1.<1l~1C<f'l"l1[IfJf<fi8
Lost ~'fJR'S iSf"hcOf~ 'S//<!
R~,," ~f~~~ OI~I c"I~c,,"'il RiSf'lf 1[~<!tCif~~t~tc~ 15fif~~M '!{t'lC"I~ ~
9fftf't~ ~C~C~, <1l'il1[C\fJ 'ilC~C~~ift'il1['fJR'S ci!f9hr C"It~, CifatO{~ 'O{~~
1[CIfJ~R ciSfC~ 'il~r.~ <1l1[0{
C"lt""' C~ ~~ C,,"'l"l ~iSff~1 'l~tcO{'il'O{Nffi'1 ~<!a
'l{t~ lCi{; 1[~C~ '-'il~C~ ~~ ~tc~c~~ift"lt'1-c~t~~t~~, 'O{~~'lf~ Clf~C~ '0{
'l~if~ I <1l~tcO{"'ilc~C~ iftfU 'O{~~'O{'i1'~Capitalist C~ ~'t9fc'1 C15~l~C"'illSfoIt
~~ ~~tlf l(~ ~C~ 9ft~c~ on, 'O{t'il'!{tc~O{<fR, ~R RCiSfst IfJtOl-lft'il't1
~-C'l~ Ift'il'tt'il ~C~ Oflfil-a;rc"IiSf~~'l~'lt'il~ ;$f~ ~tc~ (~~ I <1l~f;{Oft0{1
~
~~1I ~t~1 ~'fJR'S 'f~tciSf '~fi!~' ~'ltt'l 'l~/'l{tOfI C"I~~ ACiSf 'l{IfJ~iS 'l~tc~~
<1l~'l~tciSf'ilf~~ <l \5['l~1~t"l ~'C'il iSftCO{O{
I N>foIiSftCO{o{
<1l'ill<1l<ffif?
~ ~f>l)Ct!l
~tc~ <21~~ 'O{~15
~ci!f9tc~ ~~<!t~ 'O{~\!ic"It~ C9ft~'1 ""c~, 'O{9f'il
fifc<f'c~~C"lt,
~~ ~IS~~ \SC~ 'l~if1 "f~~, 'C~T~C"It"'Cif'il ~c~ R~~ 'O{~ I <1l'il~
<1lCif'il
~<tCO{'O{tc~~foI,,"~ c<!t"rfil, '0{ ~ fil"1, f<!~M IS Co{'ilt'$'ltif' <1lCif'il~111
iftfU 'l>ftf~' iSffil~ C\!it"ll ~~ '1.<!~<f~0{' ~t~ ~C"l O{t~c,,"~O{t~,,~ <lJt~~ ~
9f~, ~m~M C-~~~ 'ltN>,,"jf~ ~C~ 9fCi{;-<ttf~c,," ,,"~1 <lC"I, <ftN>C~ ~wr,
<lTf~c~ <1;tcif; c"j«~"1 9ft~a;rl C"Itc,,"~ ~~ Pti{;~i{; <f~C~ <f'ilC~ C~C~ t(t11
<1l~If'ilCO{~
cO{~'$<!rN~ 1%f'Sc~ O{t~~ «S~CO{1
'O{f~O{C~~
N<f C~C<f iSf~~ 9fttf
0111 ~'l'$ Paradise Lost-.!l'il c"f~ CO{~t'$~N~t~ O{~I f,,"~ C~~~ 'O{t"tt<!fif
'O{tcE
~1 .~ RiSf'lfO{~-'O{~ C<ft~ C~«S ~ ~'ill ,
ffl Waiting for the Lefty IS Till the day I die--.!l fif~ c~«S 'O{WIf'ilC~ J
~~ ~~n; f~~ iSft~l~~ 'It'l{J'lt1ft 'O{ttOlft"l?:~~9f'il ,~~?:9ft'il 'O{~Jt~f-
,..
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'Pl~ fom! <lI't~l <ml I f~~ \!;t?;lf~ClfO{~ ;s[t<fC;rQc~ti; c~ti; ~~~:c~~
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<2I~lfIC~'O{t~nr1c~t~l! 'Sit0l?;\!;~t~? ~~~ ~C"l ~\!;Ol ~~C;;~ Olt~~~far, ~
Sketchy ~: ~Cig&-i{ "t 0l1T;~~ ~t~
-11~ <.!l~ Olt"~m C<fiOl, ~f;f~t~
\5{t'ftClf~~~O{ ~~t5tC~Q "\5{t~H" "'!Of'lto{'l~" ~ "O{<ft"il"<.!l~ ~ltc~ ~~
~~ ~~~Q ~<t I <.!lilP~ C<15'l"'!Ol~C~Q technique '!Oft0{1
0/1 ~Q 'Sf~
0ltT;~ ~ '1C~ '1~9QlC~ ~~Dl! "O{1~~nr 'Sf~ I ~tc~1 <.!l~~ '1~~

- • C"'l~'l'C~ 'Offi~ I ~lfJ~\ij ~~h C'<K<ti

ca'l~<ti~ 011 m<fi" ~~O{<tli~ c<tN '5ft~ ~~Ol AC'!ilc<fi"
C<ftlf-I!l~ ~Q '21NR'l' ~~QN ~f;{<l1ii I
AC'!Ofc<fi
<l~0l'1~<l' ~'C~ Clf~~
'1'<l~ Cl'f~ '5ftQ'& ~~ \!i
<fC"lDfil~ ~Clf/~ ~l! ~~
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~~/~
~m{Q wish fulfilment-I!lQ ~\!i"1<fi"
I ~Pl~ClfQ '1~~ C"l~ OltT;~~farC\!i'€
<ut~ '<{CT; I ~'tJ~~ C"'!~C<15Q ~~ ~"lt'ilCQQ ~i~ ;;tOlt 'fQC;;Q ~t~
9fnr<l\!iCOlQ
~ ~~~ ~Cl'fQ ~~ ~C~ <!l~~<l: <2l~t"t ~tl! I <-
~AmoI •
I!lQ~Q ~ I!l<15~ '1~'$t~ ~C~ I ;;~C<fi"Q ~filf;f <l~;; Qt'!iltQt~1 C
· ~~ ~~m~C<fi f~ <!tlft~<!tl'f~~;;1 ~c"'!~ ~ ~'~ I C<fiO!;;1-mm
~~~\ij I!l<l:~ ~<l:o{c~ "R!CQ ~QtQ CD~l ~~K<f \!i
~lfJ~~ C'<lr.<ti ~5fM~ '!Of'l'lNtQC'1Q
~ ~
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<ll~ ~C~ ..-1"
<fit~<fif<l\!il~ ;Hl
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~1<f~' trt'€~, ~~tQ ~r;\!i, fq:~0lt I <lif<l\!itC<\ili~;; ~t~l iSt"'!~far <1),\!~O{
I!l~ ~tQ<fC\!i~$ f<fi"f~;;ffl Dfil~c<\i~~tOl ~<l:Q1~;;~,
'<{T;O{tQ ~ OltT;C~~ clima
'!'tl ~~-~ f~~~1!1<!~~?Jtc~~ ~Cll(-21"l~'11 <llfill ~ffi~"'! ~
'II
5fc'¥ ~a~tQ I!l<fi"~~/ -\5{tQ C~~c;; ~f~ ~C~ ~ <2lf\!ibfilc~ <!J~~ ~{; ~
~~ ~ f.mI ~f<l~ far~c~~ C~· "I'mi ~~ttlf~ c<!>tO!
\5{~5f '<It<fi1
~f~~,
st~C<l: C'1~0l f<fi"C'1~ <f'll-:'<!l bC"'!? ~'<l~1 ~ Ol~J<\itQClfQ'~C"l' ~
~ '\!tt'\! ~~ ~t~tif 9fi~ I C\!i~R ~111''1m:f~J~ ~~~ ~1~9f,,~\!it~ '1~-e
~~~I
CCft;{11'\!<2l~"l ~~C\!i ~tfil ;;1, f~R ~t'9t;{lf~<li ~~ ~~'!t~ f<llp.{~ 'RC~
~~tc~ ClfMQO{t{;J~~Ql <l:C"'!O{
C~, ~tC'f~ 1!l<fi'Sf;;
f~Q~ '!il~ <!~ fa!~~ ~
. Of! <{tI( I
\!it~~Q ~m 5ftc;;~ ~Q cmClf~ ~~ ~~ \5{<l:~tQ91'<fi~C\!i ~ I I!l~~ ;;t~
~ ~~ I ~~~-<2l~t<l: ~~ ~'<l<!1~~ ~~~ ~"'9\~ f<fi"l~ cmttl.l 0111
\5{f~~ ~ \5{f~c~1~ Si~"1 <f'Sit~ ~t~~ '!Of~~\!i\!itfar~ <U<!~l <fi~C~ f'
~~N <!l<llTtt
'l..5fI <!l<llT;1
<L5f?;~,f<lc~ ~'~ ~<fi ~tr:~ <L5f?;<fi
~ ~ C?f~
\S~tQ15fC<fi~~~fq:~, OltF<\i ~'C~ fWc~ ~~ I <fitt~~ <!l~C;; ;;~J~tt~~ A
CfI~l 9\Clf!i~
'1'&~OIl!I ~~O{t'<l ~l1f~ ~<fi"'! <!t~t;;fT~~ ~<ll~~ I
~~O{~ I!l<!~5f~~;;~ ~~ ACl! fD~~ <fi~~ ~c;; (~{l~ ~t~ Olt I-f~~ 11l~
~mwz,
'1<l:<!t~ '1C~~ I!l~ '1~'lJt9ft ~t{;T<1i[tci\ftalc;;~ClJl; <1)C'fc"l1!lC'l 9f?;,¥C~I!l<f~;;~
~~9\tlfm
'fQC;;~ ~~ '1t~t~ CD~1~Jtc~.nc~ ~~~~ <llCQ~ I ~t~ ~Cig~-<!l~ ~
o{~J~~ ca'l'<ltl!I!l~ C<lfW<li~~C~-\!it~ 9ffil5l! '<{~~J{t~ <2l~~ 'Offi~ I Erns
m~;{I~
~~ ~~~ ~~"l~ '1~C~~
Toller , Bent Breckt, Sean 0' CaseY-I!l~ f<l~~
~ \5{tt~1 If''l'~ '1?;~ CD~l <fi'Cl
\5l1ilc~ I \5{C~i{ l!\'m~ ~c5ft&l~, C'1 ~~Cl! C<15tc;;1
'1Citi~C;;~ I
~f~, •
~
'f\! C'I~ ~MJ1 m~ 9ft~<fi-c5ft~ ~~5f ~~ 15(~'\lm -r:. '<ll~'
"Rl"I>\ (<{'='I

~~ '1l1ttQ1t50lt~'1?;~ C<l<2lf!i<!tlf9f\!l~;;, ~1 ~1 ~t~ I ~i~O{t~

91n~~ <ll~ C~~ 1I\!it1l'~ \5f?;9f'llitl!~Q~<lt~ <2l~\ij~ ~ ~C~ ~t~ttii~
~ ~~ ~t5f flW.(t~ ~~ '9tC~~fil<fi ~.,tif ~~9 ~;; I
~ '1tf~J '8<1~ f<!?;"'llc<m<fi"~"l'Jm;; ~ ACl! ~~ 'OffiO'\tl)O{l
~ ~~, ~ 'f"9tt'f~ ~01C<f \5{tR '1t~\!iJ ~~ ~"l' C'4C<ll~~ ~
\SI~ 9fmI~;rt~ I fIT~ C<lt5f~clJfl?ZCaj;;~ttl1~ .;;~
~tcO'\tDO{tl,{ 1l'4~: •
(
~ ~, ~lft~~ l)r:~t9(tllm, ;;~tlI'\ <l:?;itfJt9ftm~<!l~~~iWI~,. ~~ I :.
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I 'i ~ ~<\'t!i-~~'<!i~"I~'1~ ~€~1 '€ ~~~"ltCq~ ~(;ljJ ~~~~<l't~ <i~ COl;'t~~~1
~<1~f~~~ <1gi ':lt~ COI~I ~Ni~Ji CJi ~m ~11IClfC<1O{iI '!iltl;lfC1t~9fr;~ ~~
fii I> "'ci519fT{<fJ'Oltt~ lft(;~ "-5(~"I7jl~ ~«'~"l11I <!lft;,c~ C~W~Ol; I Ul~;sj~
"fD<,{~0{
'(3 "It"{~ «cO'!~r;O{~CBii '!iltQ~<l'~o{ Clf~ m« ~ ;rt;{ I ~Cll~ ~lh~'" 111'~~tlfT \!j'<!i111
'1 • , , '. ':.

• Sf '1t~~T .!if\!i~ '13 «Jfu;~f~;sj \!j~ ~ c~~ '1'j/>;ij ~~ ""lUi ljCqg ~g

~"ta'l~1 ~' CJi'4tr;0{~I ~~ <2I'iC~~C~"IC'1Q~~S1 <fi'41~~~ <fi~<1I '1t~J<1tift~ .• ~ <!lf~~ C~c~O{C., <.... _ _
. """'i
~ I ~~<fi~(;'1~ 'q I >\
C~.!if;!>(;~~~Ol; ~ 0l;1,
o .!tf~~(;~ \!ltQ ~~t<\'t 9ffiT'1fu~ fwc~
~1€ ~t7i ~~~Wr<li 'l~J I-"The
C~<I ~lI''t<lt~ ~~~ ~ c<l>ts~t(;<lo{ demand fOl
~ t€~H ~~t~ '\!'tQ ci!tg }j~t"l <l'~1~~-<.!j~ <f.~~1 ~"I<tl~ 9ffiTm ~',S!
final solution and eternal truth ceases once for all ....•• one knows that \!jf~ Io{c~ ~ :;. ~ I _ • .(.'"::;

tS! I IS{t~(;<l'~0l;~0{'1tft~J ~~-~f~~c~

COl€~~ 'f~'<!i.
~c;9(tll1'!l ~C~ 0l;~0l I<t'~
, ~ :;>.
the antithesis have only a relative validity; that which is recognised
~_ ""~>;TC<1l~
'Jf~~ ~1, ~l<tl.::.!l ~ I \!l"'( 0{\'50l
••.•
<ISM'13 9ff«c«(;"IQ~t«ljH1 ~t~1 '1~ ~ ~ <21~
I \!l"ll~

~t{':
now as truth has also its latent false side which will later manifest
. .!if~~c~ ~~ <l"C~ 1R""(;~ I "-5(~<fi~c<f~ ~t~1 ~~ Q~Q/~ ~t~\!!lJ
itself just as that which is now regarded as false has also its true side
~l:llt"SlOl'<I(;~~t~C"I 1<tt(;~ ~C<1" Q~3t'it~~J l~~ Ul«~ ~i1~~ ~~
by virtue of which it could previously have been regarded as true."
c~c~' I Ul.,...•I~ "-5(iV<fiH(;<I'Q
~ """,-t7i
"" •
~tr~~ "-5(t~~~:!!('1t~~J l~~ ~«~ <21~~\!)', ~~f~-
~~~ '1~~ ~mO{ $T<fi ~S C~(;<f~~ 9(~ ~~(;~ ~~r"l ,«fqtl llm I
..fIc,,~<1ltc~ Ol~I Ul~Ol;<!l<l'1>lc~t~t~ ~'<J1,'ltlfl ~Q/1,-l{1 C"If;{Ol;
( '1t~J«t~S! ~(;\!)
~€ 9(~~~ <fi'(;~«~-<i't~lft(;'l~ <fif<l:~iC'1~pi1l~S1 ~O{(;ilf~ Cl1~~C"l~"1 ~~
~~~ ) '.!l<\~<!l~~~ ( ~t'llJ<it1flQ~C~ ~f~f~~t..J1~) ~~Il~ '1'1tOl.\S:C<I
~<l':~
~c;<fit~"l '1~t(;~ ~i5t<l f<l~tQ <fi(;~~"I, '!ft~ Q~:!!(~~ f<f ~<f ~ mi'? ~~ ~~ - ",,,nr ~~~1 c~c~~ ~~t~ Ol~I UlMIlt7- True ongmah ty IS
-t'" 'l'~~l
<fil:<;\7;~0l-\!)" •
~tr;~ ~f~'5I mOl <11 ~t~ '1tft~J ~'1i10l; ~f;{ ,~tr;~~ I ~\'(3 <l't"lllC~'"'l~
merely devel.opment ( Italics mine) ; and if it is right development It
~RC'1~ ~~ 9(f~'t~ ~Ct7~t(;<liI \!jC~ ~t"D~ ~«t~ f<li~~ 'Ol~ I ~~ <2I'f'~ ~lI''1.
may appear in the end so inevitable that we almost come to the point
«t~<li'8 <1M,\~Clf<l<lr\Q~~C<I' ~<fi~i1i 'l~J ~«~ ~t~ RW~ ~~t«"lft~'if~ ,~~O{
of view of denying all original virtue to the poet. He simply did the
Pt~Ji ~c;; ~Bii, \!j~ Pl~'1~ ~9f"f~ 'ltft~Jtr;~riftclfQ ~tc~ Ul<l~~t'lC\!) 9(tc~ I
next thing."-Introduc~idn.to Pound's Selected Poems, Faber and
'~I '
~~~ <f~~ ~t~"( <li'C~<I"f<l-~lI''t«tl <2I5'ff\!)
Ul«~<21~~~~ ~ljJ«\!)" 'lit(
., Faber, P. 8.
9(C~ m~'l <fi~C~;; I
c"If;{Ol-"Without a clear understanding that only by an exact
knowledge of the culture created by the entire evolution of man, that
only by an analysis of it can a proletarian culture be created-with-
'lR~ RC«lfOl;,
out such ~n understanding we shall never solve this problem. Prole-
i!tt<l'l '8 '9(TCll~I "f~sC~' ~'l.~ \~Clf« «~<li '<1':!!(<l"C~ .!t)'l.~ft~'l '!t~t"l '€ ~'l.~ tarian cuiture is not something that springs from nowhere, is not an
~lI''t '1~<litt~ ,~ "f<l:~1fs~~ 19f~S(;~~' m<fi ~'!tc« e'l~ 'l"9fC~ <l'(;~<ffU<fi~ invention of people· who call themselves specialists in proletarian
«~~ ~Biii <fifirI ~1Ot1<fifir~t9ft«t~ ~9f~ ~ <fi~(;«0l;
I culture. This is complete nonsense. Proletarian culture must be
'!iltm ~~ ~ Cll~~\!) ~lI''1 'l~<litr;~~ ~ ~~Mf9r <2Itf~~ t.~C'if«~f~\; a logical development (Italics mine) and those funds of knowledge
"IR:\!) ~~~ I <fiM'l'!iltl!! ~"¢~ "ltt"f f~'t~t1~ ~~~'t-Pl~ll-5t\!) ~lI''f«tl~ 0f1 which humanity has wOl.;ced 'out under the yokes of capitalist society"
~i ~~'(3 1~C'if««t\~ C«lll ~~ ~t;;i ~t(;~ Cll ~""8~~
" .. '~~~1 <I"Ii«t~"fJ c~ «t~"It~ <fit<lJ-
'1"9ftlf~~ l\5{t~f;{~\;M '8<fit"l;:5J'c~<I(;"f~C"IOl;
,'11<1 m'l '<2I~~'" -Lenin quoted'
.
Orient ,1 Publishina House
.
in Lunacharsky's
Benares
Lenin
1943,
on
P. 20.
Art and Literature-

, b ,

~C~J ~~:!!(Oltc~~ 'l.~~~ COI~I «t~"fi <1'Pl~r~ llt~1 ~~;;t(;~~ 'l.~ 'mc~ '9f['5'1' ~~~t~~ ~~(;lf(;«~~f~~tJi-c<m1:(~ 9fPlS'll, 1iI~ ~'<l1 ~~'l"<tt1 ~t"llWr~
UlPj(;~, '!ilt~i(;lf~'ltft(;~J~ ~:{f~<lit~(;lf~ 9«(;"1'Ul~1 \5{tOl;CO\f~
<l'~~ C~i ~'(3m ~fp\!) '9i1foll:~~0l;I f<fi~ ~~~Olt~ 'ROl;"It~ ~ti!jillC'1~ ~~f;r~~"-5({,1<1I(;~ ~N'11 C9fl:
«C7j~COl; <fiRlI <\"11<\t~"IJ~C"l'(3~ <1''41<\"It~ ~t~ ~c~t~Ol; ~~ C'1~~:!!(Oltt~~ ~rt7;~0{
\!)T~ ~~J<\twt ~~ ~~f~'Il~"l «(;"I0l;'11, \~(;lf"<t ll~ ~t;sj'<l'~ 9ff"5~c<lS
~sOl;tt~~ «t~"l1 ~t<\J 'ltft(;\!)J~ 'l~~ possibilities-Ul~ 9(~'lf~ <119f~'i~rf~ ~~f;{... Cl!~~1 Clf7;~Ol
\!)tl:~ 'lt1jJ<ttlf~~~~~t~aj~i CI'!~(;\!9ftOl;I ~tQ'1 ~~~O\tq '8 \~(;lf<\
Ul~~~ ~~ ~«O{~~ C~~Ol;
~'C~ Clf~C~O{C~~ <fi'~ ~~~t~ <11~<t«\!)" I ~{
\!l~t ~r.~<.!~m,ll O{OI
I ~~~Ol;t'<l i9ir?ff~"Io{ <2ItSJ9ft"5tt~J~ }j'Jft~~ '!CllJ ~~<;!

~'«~,.~~~
c<\>tc;;1 ~f<l' clfC~;;f;{I" W9jf.l'lif~","ol~~ ~Ilt~, C~(;S~l:"Ol~0l~~"1 lOt\!)t~~ Ol~o{ «t~"li ~«l1 0l;~0l;~~C~~
l 'l.~~
~<Ti:!!(0{tr;1«~ ~~"8 '!t(;"IQ C9fTll~t,'l~ ~~9 ~(;~~C~ ~tc~ ~~t~t't~C<f~ '\C1:(J1 <!I~ bourgeois national ~tC'lft"f(;"l~ .fffC'<li'€
~S!t~'l ~~;ftc~ ~~<\l~'l 'Ol'i~ ~~ '8~1 f~ t<t~ 'Ol'lll;STPl<fi?
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