!"
 #  
$&%'() *$*$*,+ -#
 '( .+ 

! "
" " "
" " " "
"
"
"
" " "
"
" " " "
"

" " % "% %

%

! " − + # = $( − )( − )= $ = %$ = +

( )= $ ( )= & ( )= ( )
( )= & ( )
# ' ( &) ) * * * * ( +,
, -. ) /0

1 ) + + =

- %
−! ≥
!
≥ ≥

Page 1 of 7 Courtesy : www.gateforum.com



    
 !"
 #  
$&%'() *$*$*,+ -#
 '( .+ 

= $ = $ =−

2 " = =

∴ = & & 3 &

! ω !
4 " = = = × $ = =
−# π π

5 &678% = Ω$ = = = ω
! !×

" * . - 9 (

!
: :
#
1 "
2 "
4 + 0;
7 - ( . %

∴ < +

= -< < ( + )
"
∞ ∞ ∞
( ) = ( )= =
!
= =
!
− = = −
!

2 ! 2 +! #! + #
+ = = =!

!
" & 3 - ( ( ) &) -
(. ( . *-
-

# ) ) >ω< *ω<∞
+
1
2

Page 2 of 7 Courtesy : www.gateforum.com



    
 !"
 #  
$&%'() *$*$*,+ -#
 '( .+ 

= (ω β + φ)
ω = × !
%β = !
ω × !
= = = × 1
;
β !
, ?3 % @% & 3 × *(
, *) 3 . , (ω −β ) - ?3 *( &

∴A < × 1
(;

4 "

× 2
× 2
& < = = × 2
= λ
η
∴λ = µ

& 3 !%
8 -* & 3 λB <
λ+! −
=
−! λ−

- λ<!%2 < %! < )

!

−
- λ< % < →

−
=

− #
= =
#

1
+ = + = =
# # #
! 8) & -C )( *3 !
∞
−
( −µ)
σ =
σ π −∞
= -µ = %

B<
* ( ) =

∞
−
< 2 =
π

Page 3 of 7 Courtesy : www.gateforum.com



    
 !"
 #  
$&%'() *$*$*,+ -#
 '( .+ 

∴ <B<
− −
=− **-

!
!
! − !
1 = = $ =

2 ∠# − ∠ = ∠4 °

4 " D ? ? ? × × <D
4
!
×
= $ = = 2
!
=− 2
!
= ! +
= ! +
- A < %) < Ω
) <
! = −!
! " -
-
σ µ µ
!! " = = =
σ µ µ
−
∈ 1×2 2 ×
! " = = −#
= µ"
×
#
!# $ = # −

A< 1%A8 < # (A%B0 <

B < !4(
!1
!2
!4

Page 4 of 7 Courtesy : www.gateforum.com



    
 !"
 #  
$&%'() *$*$*,+ -#
 '( .+ 

% = % =
=! $ > % −

! ×
" − 1= $
+ $ B (

B < !(

= $
=! µ
+β
= − & ×α × $ = 4≈ #
− 2
− = 1

E
1
∴ = = 1

! ( + )( + )
4µ − = #µ −
( − )

− = ( − + )
− = −2 +
4=
=
# F< :< G E
%F< < <
F< < =
1 ?3 *& && *

E *E & &

2 4 2 1

G G )
G G )
) * H -
4
− ω( )+ − ω( ) +
(ω ) − (ω ) − + − ω

− ω
= + ω
#

Page 5 of 7 Courtesy : www.gateforum.com



    
 !"
 #  
$&%'() *$*$*,+ -#
 '( .+ 

( (ω )
= − 'ω'
= (ω ) = (ω ) (ω )
# " (ω )
∴ (ω ) = − 'ω ' + π&

* ) π

( )↔ ×
# "
=

∴ ) - & "
# " = (. - ( ) *. @
#!
#
## 8 () - ( ;
)# = ( %( ) ( )=@ - &
→

< =

#1
#2 8) . *. I %
#4 ( ( * 60J
1 " )-
( * -& ( *.
"K< ? 2 < 2
1
( )= ( − )
( )= ( − )

1
1
1!
!
!
( )= & =
!
= <

!
&
# # =
!
! !
& & ! !
6 < # (# ) = ! # =
! !
=
×!×!
!! = =2

1 λ= =

1# * = * × *' * = 1 #4 − !Ω

Page 6 of 7 Courtesy : www.gateforum.com



    
 !"
 #  
$&%'() *$*$*,+ -#
 '( .+ 

*! = +
11 "
*' = & & = &

12

14 = − = #
2

×
, = ,' − = − = 21
2 " 2 !
µ = −, ( - )=− !
2 +× J7% ''
+× ,% 1 ,
# 6AB % + 1
2 J5" 6
< I , +
< I <
" ! <! ? <#
2
"

2 " - & <

= =
!
"
! + - +
2! " (
= = =
( − - −

"

- = = #

* −*
- = = #
* +*
. =
2 )- )
"

Page 7 of 7 Courtesy : www.gateforum.com