Ti liu thc hnh Vi iu khin

BI 5: TIMER
MC CH

Gip sinh vin kho st cc vn sau: S dng phn mm Proteus m phng mch in. Tm hiu cch s dng Timer trong 89C51. My vi tnh. Phn mm Proteus

THIT B S DNG

1. C s l thuyt
Vi iu khin 89C51 c hai thanh ghi timer/counter 16 bit. Cc thanh ghi ny c th hot ng mt trong hai trng thi timer hoc counter. Mi thanh ghi gm 2 thanh ghi 8 bit ghp li:
PULSE INPUT THx : 8 BIT TLx : 8 BIT

Cu trc ca b Timer/ Counter trong 89C51 nh hnh sau.

Hot ng ca b Timer/Counter c iu khin bi hai thanh ghi TCON v TMOD

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Ti liu thc hnh Vi iu khin

Thanh ghi TCON (timer control): L thanh ghi 8 bit, c th truy xut byte hoc bit dng iu khin hot ng ca Timer.
7 TF1 6 5 4 TR0 3 IE1 2 1 0 IT0

TR1 TF0

IT1 IE0

TF1: bo trng thi trn cho b Timer/Counter1 TR1: iu khin cp xung cho b Timer/Counter1 TF0: bo trng thi trn cho b Timer/Counter0 TR0: iu khin cp xung cho b Timer/Counter0 IE1, IT1, IE0, IT0: s dng cho ngt ngoi 1 v ngt ngoi 0 (khng dng cho Timer). Thanh ghi TMOD (timer mode): L thanh ghi 8 bit, ch c th truy xut byte dng xc nh ch hot ng ca Timer.
7 GATE 6 5 4 M0 3 GATE 2 C/T 1 M1 0 M0

C/T M1

IEU KHIEN TIMER 1

IEU KHIEN TIMER 0

GATE, C/ T : iu khin trng thi hot ng cho Timer/ M1, M0: chn ch hot ng cho Timer/Counter M1 M0 CH 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 2 1 1 3 a/ Ch 0:
PULSE INPUT THx : 8 BIT TLx : 5 BIT TFx

M T Timer/Counter 13 bit Timer/Counter 16 bit Timer/Counter 8 bit, auto reload Timer/Counter 8 bit

Thanh ghi THx v TLx kt hp to thnh b Timer/Counter 13 bit, khi trn 13 bit th c TFx s t ln logic 1.

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Ti liu thc hnh Vi iu khin

b/ Ch 1 (16 bit):
PULSE INPUT THx : 8 BIT TLx : 8 BIT TFx

c/ Ch 2 (8 bit Auto-Reload):
PULSE INPUT TLx : 8 BIT TFx

OVERFLOW

THx : 8 BIT

TLx c np gi tr ban u t THx v bt u m t gi tr ny khi c xung ng vo, khi trn th TFx s t ln logic 1 ng thi kch hot b kha np gi tr trong THx vo TLx. d/ Ch 4:
PULSE INPUT TL0 : 8 BIT TF0

OSC:12

TH0 : 8 BIT

TF1

TR1

Trong ch ny, TH1 v TL1 khng c s dng thay vo l TH0 v TL0 hot ng nh 2 b Timer 8 bit (TL0) v Timer/Counter 8 bit (TL0). Tuy nhin, tn hiu m xung cho TH0 khng phi l TR0 m l TR1.

2. Tin trnh thc hin

S dng mch nh hnh v trang bn vi cc linh kin: Keywords 7seg 8951 374 Resistor Category All All 74 TTL Series Resistors Sub-category All All All Resistor Packs Results Value 7SEG-COM-ANODE AT89C51 74LS374 RX8 220
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Ti liu thc hnh Vi iu khin

- Thc hin chng trnh sau (to mt mch ng h m pht, giy): MOV MOV MOV Lap: MOV MOV DIV MOV MOVC MOV CLR SETB MOV MOVC MOV A,30H B,#10 AB DPTR,#Maled7 A,@A+DPTR P2,A P1.1 P1.1 A,B A,@A+DPTR P2,A
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TMOD,#01H 30H,#0 31H,#0

; S dng Timer0, ch 16 bit

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CLR SETB MOV MOV DIV MOV MOVC MOV CLR SETB MOV MOVC MOV CLR SETB CALL INC MOV CJNE MOV INC MOV CJNE MOV SJMP Delay: PUSH MOV SETB MOV MOV

P1.0 P1.0 A,31H B,#10 AB DPTR,#Maled7 A,@A+DPTR P2,A P1.3 P1.3 A,B A,@A+DPTR P2,A P1.2 P1.2 Delay 31H A,31H A,#60,Lap 31H,#0 30H A,30H A,#60,Lap 30H,#0 Lap ; 60 pht th ; pht = 0 ; 60s (1 pht) th ; giy = 0 ; v tng pht ln 1

Maled7: DB 0C0H,0F9H,0A4H,0B0H,99H,92H,82H,0F8H,80H,90H 07 R7,#20 TR0 TH0,#HIGH(-50000) TL0,#LOW(-50000)

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Delay1: ; To tr 50000 chu k = 50000s = 50ms

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Ti liu thc hnh Vi iu khin

JNB CLR DJNZ CLR POP RET END CALL INC MOV CJNE MOV INC MOV CJNE MOV SJMP PUSH SETB MOV MOV JNB CLR CLR POP RET END

TF0,$ ; Ch n khi Timer trn TF0 R7,Delay1 ; R7 = 20 TR0 07 lp li 20 ln to tr 20*50ms

Sa chng trnh thc hin m giy v %giy. Delay 31H A,31H A,#100,Lap ; 100% s (1 s) th 31H,#0 30H A,30H A,#60,Lap 30H,#0 Lap 07 TR0 TH0,#HIGH(-10000) TL0,#LOW(-10000) TF0,$ TF0 TR0 07 ; 60 s th ; giy = 0 ; %giy = 0 ; v tng giy ln 1

Delay: ; To tr 10ms

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