Vapour Power Cycles Prof. U.S.P. Shet , Prof. T. Sundararajan and Prof. J.M .

Mallikarjuna

5.9 Multi–Stage Regenerative Cycles:

TURBINE

10
I II III IV
(1-m1-m2-m3)
BOILER 11 m1 12 m2 13 m3 14
PUMP 7 5 3

8 6 4
9
7 5
(m1+m2) x 2 1
m1
(m1+m2+m3) 3

PUMP

2
Fig.5.9(a). Three stage regenerative cycle

1 kg
9 10
8 m1
(1-m1)
7 11
T 6 m1+m2
(1-m1-m2)
5 12
4 (m1+m2+m3) (1-m1-m2-m3)
3 13
2
1 (1-m1-m2-m3)
kg 1 14

Fig.5.9(b). T-s diagram

Indian Institute of Technology Madras

Vapour Power Cycles Prof. U.S.P. Shet , Prof. T. Sundararajan and Prof. J.M . Mallikarjuna

Above figure shows an arrangement in which there are 3 stages of feed water heating

employing closed heaters. Steam to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd heaters is supplied at states 11,

12 and 13 respectively. The feed water leaving each heater is at the saturation

temperature corresponding to the pressure of bled steam supplied to that heater. The

corresponding T-s diagram for the cycle is shown above.

Considering one kg of steam leaving the boiler and entering the turbine at state 10.

Let, m1 = mass of steam supplied to 1st heater.

m2 = mass of steam supplied to 2nd heater.

m3 = mass of steam supplied to 3rd heater.

Heat balance for 1st heater gives,

m1 (h11 - h 7 ) = (h 7 - h 6 ) ≈ (h 7 - h 5 )

(h 7 - h 5 )
m1 =
(h11 - h 7 )

Heat balance for 2nd heater gives,

h 4 + m 2 h12 + m1h 7 = h 5 + h 5 (m1 + m 2 )

m 2 (h12 - h 5 ) = (h 5 - h 4 ) + m1 (h 5 - h 7 )

(h 5 - h 3 ) - m1 (h 7 - h 5 )
m2 = ; Q (h 4 ≈ h 3 )
(h12 - h 5 )

Indian Institute of Technology Madras

Vapour Power Cycles Prof. U.S.P. Shet , Prof. T. Sundararajan and Prof. J.M . Mallikarjuna

Also, heat balance for 3rd heater + drain cooler, gives,

m3 h13 + (m1 + m 2 )h 5 + h 2 = (m1 + m 2 + m3 ) h 2 + h 3

m3 h13 + (m1 + m 2 )h 5 + (1 - m1 - m 2 - m3 )h 2 = h 3

m3 (h13 - h 2 ) = (h 3 - h 2 ) - (m1 + m 2 )(h 5 - h 2 )

m3 (h13 - h1 ) ≈ (h 3 - h1 ) - (m1 + m 2 )(h 5 - h1 )

(h 3 - h1 ) - (m1 + m 2 )(h 5 - h1 )
m3 =
(h13 - h1 )

⎧⎪( h10 - h11 ) + (1 - m1 ) (h11 - h12 ) + (1 - m1 - m 2 )(h12 - h13 ) ⎫⎪

Turbine work = ⎨ ⎬
⎩⎪+ (1 - m1 - m 2 - m3 )(h13 - h14 ) ⎭⎪

= (h10 - h14 ) - m1 (h11 - h14 ) - m 2 (h12 - h14 ) - m3 (h13 - h14 )

Heat sup plied = (h10 - h 7 )

work done
η =
Heat sup plied

⎪⎧( h10 - h11 ) + (1 - m1 ) (h11 - h12 ) + (1 - m1 - m 2 )(h12 - h13 ) ⎪⎫

⎨ ⎬
⎪+ (1 - m1 - m 2 - m3 )(h13 - h14 )
⎩ ⎭⎪
η =
(h10 - h 7 )

Indian Institute of Technology Madras