Local Governments

Law 154 SY 2011-2012 Prof. Dante Gatmaytan

Part I. Introduction: History and Basic Concepts Basic Laws Article X, 1987 Constitution Administrative Code of 1987, Title XII, as amended Republic Act No. 7160 (1992) Republic Act No. 6975 (1990), 4-12 Republic Act No. 8551 (1998) Republic Act No. 9263 (2004) Preliminary Readings: Overview, history, assessment Aquilino Q. Pimentel, Jr., The Local Government Code of 1991: Key to National Development 1-12 (1993) The World Bank, Decentralization: Rethinking Government, in World Development Report 1999/2000: Entering the 21** Century 107-124 (1999) Alecks P. Pabico, Parables and Paradoxes in Devolution, i-Report, January 2007 at http:/ / pcij.org/ stories/ parables-and-paradox-in-devolution/ Local government, decentralization, autonomy Pimentel, pp. 13-17 DE LEON v. ESGUERRA, 153 SCRA 602 (1987) SAN JUAN v. CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION, 196 SCRA 69 (1991) GANZON v. CA, 200 SCRA 271 (1991) BASCO v. PAGCOR, 197 SCRA 52 (1991) MAGTAJAS v. PRYCE PROPERTIES CORPORATION, INC., 234 SCRA 255 (1994) Local governments, administrative regions, autonomous regions See Republic Act No. 7227 (1992), 12 (i), 14 ABBAS v. COMELEC, 179 SCRA 287 (1989) CHIONGBIAN v. ORBOS, 245 SCRA 253 (1995) CORDILLERA BROAD COALITION v. COA, 181 SCRA 495 (1990) ORDILLO v. COMELEC, 192 SCRA 100 (1990) BAGABUYO v. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, 573 SCRA 290 (2008)

THE PROVINCE OF NORTH COTABATO v. THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES PEACE PANEL ON ANCESTRAL DOMAIN, 568 SCRA 402 (2008) Effectivity of the Code, 5(d), 536 EVARDONE v. COMELEC, 204 SCRA 464 (1991) SECRETARY OF HEALTH v. COURT OF APPEALS, 241 SCRA 688 (1995) Part II. Book I: General Provisions Title One: Basic Principles A. Policy and Application Rep. Act No. 7160, 1-4 Rules of Interpretation, 5 GREATER BALANGA DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION v. BALANGA, 239 SCRA 436 (1994) TANO v. SOCRATES, 278 SCRA 154 (1997) B. General Power and Attributes, 6-24 Creation of Local Government Units Constitution, Art. X, 1,7,10,11,15,16,19 LGC 16-10,385-386,441-442,U9A50,460-461 Republic Act No. 7878 (1995) Repubhc Act No. 8371 (1997), 18 Republic Act No. 9009 (2001) Republic Act No. 9054 (2001), article IV, 19 Creation PADILLA v. COMELEC, 214 SCRA 735 (1992) TORRALBA v. SIB AGAT, 147 SCRA 390 (1987) CAWALING v. COMELEC, 368 SCRA 453 (2001) PELAEZ v. AUDITOR GENERAL, 15 SCRA 569 (1965) SEMA v. COMELEC, 558 SCRA 700 (2008) LATASA v, COMELEC, 417 SCRA 601 (2003) MUNICIPALITY OF NUEVA ERA, ILOCOS NORTE v. vs. MUNICIPALITY OF MARCOS, G.R. No. 169435, February 27,2008 De Facto Corporations MALABANG v. BENITO, 27 SCRA 533 (1969)

MUNICIPALITY OF SAN NARCISO, QUEZON v. MENDEZ, 239 SCRA 11 (1994) CANDIJAY v. CA, 251 SCRA 530 (1995) JIMENEZ v. BAZ, 265 SCRA 182 (1996) TOBIAS v. ABALOS, 239 SCRA 106 (1994) PASIG v. COMELEC, 314 SCRA 179 (1999) MARIANO v. COMELEC, 242 SCRA 211 (1995) MIRANDA v. AGUIRRE, 314 SCRA 603 (1999) SAMSON v. AGUIRRE, 315 SCRA 53 (1999) Abolition SULTAN USMAN SARANGANI v. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, 334 SCRA-379 (2000) SALVA v. MAKALINTAL, 340 SCRA 506 (2000) Income ALVAREZ v. GUINGONA, 252 SCRA 695 (1996) LEAGUE OF CITIES OF THE PHILIPPINES v. COMELEC, G.R. 176951, February 15, 201 1 Population AQUINO m v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 18973, April 7,2010 ALDABA v. COMELEC, G.R. No. 188078, January 25,2010 Sub-Provinces Constitution, Art. XVIII, 9 Rep. Act No. 7160, 462 GRINO v. COMELEC, 213 SCRA 672 (1992) Selection and Transfer of Local Government Site, 11 SAMSON v. AGUIRRE, 315 SCRA 53 (1999) Political and Corporate Nature of Local Government Units, 5 (d) & 15 LIDASAN v. COMELEC, 21 SCRA 496 (1964) TORIO v. FONTANILLA, 85 SCRA 599 (1978) OTY OF MANILA v. IAC, 179 SCRA 428 (1989) MACASIANO v. DIOKNO, 212 SCRA 464 (1992) General Welfare Clause, 16,391,447,458, and 468 Republic Act No. 8369 (1997), 8 and 11 Republic Act No. 8425 (1997), 12

Republic Act No. 8435 (1997), 90,99,101 Republic Act No. 8550 (1998), 16-25 Republic Act No. 8975 (2000), 3,11,13 Republic Act No. 9275 (2004), 20 U.S. v. SALAVERIA, 39 Phil. 103 (1918) VIRAY v. CALOOCAN, 20 SCRA 791 (1967) BALACUIT v. CFI, 163 SCRA 182 (1988) BINAY v. DOMINGO 201 SCRA 508 (1991) CITY GOVERNMENT OF QUEZON CITY v. ERICTA, 122 SCRA 759 (1983) PATALINGHUG v. CA, 229 SCRA 554 (1994) REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES v. THE CITY OF DAVAO, 388 SCRA 691 (2002) RURAL BANK OF MAKATI, INC. v. MUNICIPALITY OF MAKATI, 433 SCRA 362 (2004) TAYABAN v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, 517 SCRA 488 (2007) BAYAN v. ERMITA, 488 SCRA 226 (2006) abatement of nuisance LGC,447&458 Republic Act No. 9165 (2002), 52-53 TATEL v. VIRAC, 207 SCRA 157 (1991) ESTATE OF FRANCISCO v. CA, 199 SCRA 595 (1991) TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPERS, INC. v. CA, 193 SCRA 147 (1991) TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPERS, INC. v. CA, 201 SCRA xi (1991) Republic Act No. 8749, 7-11,16,20,24,36,37,39 Republic Act No. 9003 (2001), 10-13,16-22,43-47 Republic Act No. 8550, 16-25 Basic Services and Facilities, 17 PLAZA II v. CASSION, 435 SCRA 294 (2004) FIUNVEST LAND v. FLOOD-AFFECTED HOMEOWNERS OF MERITVILLE ALLIANCE, 529 SCRA 790 (2007) Pimentel, p. 15 24 LGC, IRR TANO v. SOCRATES, 278 SCRA 154 (1997) LAGUNA LAKE DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY v. COURT OF APPEALS, 251 SCRA 42 (1995) LAND TRANSPORTATION OFFICE v. CITY OF BUTUAN, 322 SCRA 805 (2000) Power to Generate Revenue, 18 To be discussed as part of Part II

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SAN FERNANDO v. FIRME, 195 SCRA 692 (1991) FERNANDO v. CA, 208 SCRA 714 (1992) GUILLERGAN v. GANZON, 17 SCRA 257 (1966) PILAR v. SANGGUNINANG BAYAN NG DASOL, PANGASINAN, 128 SCRA 173 (1984) TUZON v. COURT OF APPEALS, 212 SCRA 739 (1992) BALUYOT v. COURT OF APPEALS, 311 SCRA 29 (1999) QUEZON CITY v. DACARA, 460 SCRA 243 (2005) THE MUNICIPALITY OF SAN JUAN, METRO MANILA V. COURT OF APPEALS, 466 SCRA 78 (2005) OSMENA v. COA, G.R. No. 188818, May 31,2011 Chapter 3: Intergovernmental RelationsNational Government and Local Government Units Executive Supervision Constitution, Art. X, 2 and 4, Constitution, Art. XI, 25 LGC,25 HEBRON v. REYES, 104 Phil. 175 (1958) GANZON v. CA, 200 SCRA 271 (1991) DRILON v. LIM, 235 SCRA 135 (1994) Consultations 2 (c), 26 and 27 MemorandumjCircular No. 52 (1993) Republic Act No. 8975 (2000), 7 BANGUS FRY FISHERFOLK v. LANZANAS, 405 SCRA 530 (2003) PROVINCE OF RIZAL v. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, 477 SCRA 436 (2005) ALVAREZ v. PICOP RESOURCES INC., G.R. No. 162243, December 3,2009 Relations with Philippine National Police, 28 Republic Act No. 6975 (1990), as amended by Republic Act No. 8551 (1998) Republic Act No. 8551 (1998), 62-65 See Executive Order No. 292 (1987), Book IV, chapter 7, 38(3) CARPIO v. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, 206 SCRA 290 (1992) ANDAYA v. REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, 319 SCRA 697 (1999) CANONIZADO v. AGUIRRE, 323 SCRA 312 (2000); 351 SCRA 659 (2001) RODRIGUEZ v. COURT OF APPEALS, 386 SCRA 492 (2002) PEOPLE v. VELARDE, 384 SCRA 646 (2002)

Inter-Local Government Relations, 3 (e), 29-33 Relations with Peoples' and Non-governmental Organizations, 34-36 Local Pre-qualification, Bids and Awards Committee, 37-38 Title Two: Elective Officials, 39-75 Qualifications and Elections, 39-43 Members of the Sanggunian Republic Act No. 7160, 41 Republic Act No. 6636 (1987) Republic Act No. 7166 (1991) Republic Act No. 7887 (1995) Republic Act No. 8553 (1998) HERRERA v. COMELEC, 318 SCRA 336 (1999) Qualications Republic Act No. 9164 (2002); 6-7 Republic Act No. 8171 (1995) SALCEDOII v. COMELEC, 312 SCRA 447 (1999) CIPRIANO v. COMELEC, 436 SCRA 45 (2004) BAUTISTA v. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, 414 SCRA 299 (2003) MATUGAS v. COMMISSION ON ELECTION, 420 SCRA 365 (2004) JAPZON v. COMELEC, 576 SCRA 331 (2009) CORODORA v. COMELEC, G.R. No.176947, February 19, 2008 MARUHOM v. COMELEC, 594 SCRA 108 (2009) LABO v. COMELEC AND ORTEGA, 211 SCRA 297 (1992) FRIVALDO v. COMELEC, 257 SCRA 727 (1996) ALTAREJOS v. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, 441 SCRA 655 (2004) IN THE MATTER OF THE PETITION FOR DISQUALIFICATION OF TESS DUMPITMICHELENA, G.R. Nos. 163619-20. November 17,2005 TORAYNO v. COMELEC, 337 SCRA 574 (2000) PAPANDAYAN v. COMELEC, 381 SCRA 133 (2002) COQUILLA v. COMELEC, 385 SCRA 607 (2002) Disqualication Republic Act No. 8295 (1997), 4-5 Republic Act No. 9165 (2002), 11,15,27-28,36 (g)

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See Republic Act No. 6735 (1989) GARCIA v. COMELEC, 237 SCRA 279 (1994) SBMA v. COMELEC, 262 SCRA 492 (1996) Book II: Local Taxation and Fiscal Matters Local Government Taxation Constitution, Art. X, 3 (d), 5,6, and 7 Republic Act No. 7643 (1992), 2 Republic Act No. 7716 (1994), 11,17 Republic Act No. 8241 (1996) National Internal Revenue Code, 117, 283 and 287 As Amended by Republic Act No. 8424, The Tax Reform Act of 1997 (1997) Republic Act No. 8245 (1996) Republic Act No. 7942 (1995), 82 Republic Act No. 7916, 24, as amended by Republic Act No. 8424 (1999) Republic Act No. 8975, (2000) 7 Republic Act No. 9165 (2002), 51 BASCO v. PAGCOR, 197 SCRA 52 (1991) ESTANISLAO v. COSTALES, 196 SCRA 853 (1991) FLORO CEMENT v. GOROSPE, 200 SCRA 480 (1991) FIGUERRES v. COURT OF APPEALS, 305 SCRA 206 (1999) THE CITY OF OLONGAPO v. THE STALLHOLDERS OF THE EAST BAJAC-BAJAC PUBLIC MARKET OF OLONGAPO CITY, 343 SCRA 705 (2000) BERDIN v. MASCARINAS, 526 SCRA 592 (2007) OLIVARES v. MARQUEZ, 438 SCRA 679 (2004) Common Limitations on the Taxing Powers of Local Government Units BULACAN v. COURT OF APPEALS, 299 SCRA 442 (1998) FIRST PHILIPPINE INDUSTRIAL CORPORATION v. COURT OF APPEALS, 300 SCRA 661 (1998) PALMA DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION v. MUNICIPALITY OF MALANGAS, 413 SCRA 572 (2003) BATANGAS POWER CORPORATION v. BATANGAS CITY and NATIONAL POWER CORPORATION, 428 SCRA 250 (2004) LEPANTO CONSOLIDATED MINING COMPANY v. AMBANLOC, G.R. No. 180639, June 29,2010 Franchise Taxes, 137,193,534 MERALCO v. PROVINCE OF LAGUNA, 306 SCRA 750 (1999)

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ALVAREZ v. GUINGONA, 252 SCRA 695 (1996) PIMENTEL v. AGUIRRE, 336 SCRA201 (2000) THE PROVINCE OF BATANGAS v. ROMULO, 429 SCRA 736 (2004) ACORD v. ZAMORA, 459 SCRA 578 (2005) Share of Local Government Units in National Wealth, 289-294 Republic Act No. 7076, 19. Credit Financing, 295-303 See CHAVEZ V. PUBLIC ESTATES AUTHORITY, 384 SCRA 152 (2002) Local Fiscal Administration, 304-354 MALONZO v. ZAMORA, 311 SCRA 224 (1999) ATIENZA v. VILLAROSA, 458 SCRA 385 (2005) QUISUMBING v. Garcia, G.R. No. 175527, December 8,2008 SISON v. PEOPLE, G.R. Nos. 170339,170398-403, March 9,2010 CALINGIN v. DESIERTO, G.R. Nos. 145743-89, August 10,2007 MONTUERTO v. TY, G.R. No. 177736, October 6,2008 Republic Act No. 8185 (1996) Property and Supply Management in the Local Government Units, 355-383 GOVERNMENT SERVICE INSURANCE SYSTEM v. THE PROVINCE OF TARLAC, 417 SCRA 60 (2003) GOVERNMENT SERVICE INSURANCE SYSTEM v. CITY TREASURER, G.R. No. 186242, December 23,2009 Part III. Local Government Units The Barangay, 384-439 Republic Act No. 8441 (1997) 4 Republic Act No. 9178 (2002) Republic Act No. 9285 (2004), 53 PEOPLE v. RECTO, 367 SCRA 390 (2001) DAVID v. COMELEC, 271 SCRA 90 (1997) ALQUIZOLA v. OCOL, 313 SCRA 273 (1999) Katarungang Pambarangay, 399-422,515 Supreme Court Administrative Circular No. 1493 Republic Act No. 9285 (2004), 35 MORATA v. GO, 125 SCRA 444 (1983)

MENDOVA v. AFABLE, 393 SCRA 390 (2002) UY v. CONTRERAS, 237 SCRA 167 (1994) ZAMORA v. HEIRS OF IZQUIERDO, 443 SCRA 24 (2004) BOLEYLEY v. VILLANUEVA, 314 SCRA 364 (1999) VERCIDE v. JUDGE PRISCILLA T. HERNANDEZ, 330 SCRA 49 (2000) HEIRS OF VINZONS v. COURT OF APPEALS, 315 SCRA 541 (1999) IDOLOR v. COURT OF APPEALS, 351 SCRA 399 (2001) AQUINO v. AURE, 546 SCRA 71 (2008) PANG-ET v. MANACNES-DAO-AS, G.R. No. 167261. March 2,2007 Sangguniang Kabataan, 423-439 Republic Act No. 7808 (1994) Republic Act No. 8044 (1995), $ 10 Republic Act No. 9164 (2002) ALUNAN III v. MIRASOL, 276 SCRA 501 (1997) ASSOCIATED LABOR UNIONS v. LETRONDO, 237 SCRA 621 (1994) MIGUEL v. COURT OF APPEALS, 230 SCRA 339 (1994) MARQUEZ v. COMELEC, 313 SCRA 103 (1999) GARVIDA v. SALES, 271 SCRA 767 (1997) ZARATE v. COMELEC, 318 SCRA 608 (1999) BAYTAN v. COMELEC, 396 SCRA 703 (2003) (third issue) MONTESCLAROS v. COMELEC, 384 SCRA 269 (2002) SAMBARANI v. COMELEC, 438 SCRA 319 (2004) See Commission on Elections Resolution No. 00-0046, January 19,2000 The Municipality, 440-447, 444 (b)(3) OLIVAREZ v. SANDIGANBAYAN, 248 SCRA 700 (1995) UNITED BF HOMEOWNER'S ASSOCIATION v. CITY MAYOR, 515 SCRA 1 (2007) 443,481 RAMOS v. CA, 108 SCRA 728 (1981) PILILIA v. CA, 233 SCRA 484 (1994) RAMOS v. CA, 269 SCRA 34 (1997) ALINSUG v. REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, 225 SCRA 553 (1993) MANCENIDO v. COURT OF APPEALS, 380 SCRA 419 (2000) NATIVIDAD v. FELIX, 229 SCRA 680 (1994) REPUBLIC v. RAMBUYONG, G.R. No. 167810. October 4,2010 The City, 448-458 Republic Act No. 9009 (2001)

CANET v. DECENA, 420 SCRA 388 (2004) AGUIRRE v, DE CASTRO, 321 SCRA 95 (1999) GORDON v. VERDIANOII, 167 SCRA 51 (1988) ACEBEDO OPTICAL COMPANY v. COURT OF APPEALS, 329 SCRA 314 (2000) LIM v. COURT OF APPEALS, 387 SCRA 149 (2002) MATHAY, JR. v. FELT FOODS, INC., 311 SCRA 658 (1999) NEGROS ORIENTAL II ELECTRIC COOPERATIVE INC. v. SANGGUNIANG PANGLUNGSOD NG DUMAGUETE155 SCRA 421 (1987) DADOLE v. COMMISSION ON AUDIT, 393 SCRA 262 (2002) CITY OF CALOOCAN v. COURT OF APPEALS, 489 SCRA 45 (2006) SOCIAL JUSTICE SOCIETY v. ATIENZA, 517 SCRA 657 (2007) The Province, 459-468 CARAM v. COMELEC, 225 SCRA 731 (1993) THE PROVINCE OF NEGROS OCCIDENTAL v. ZAYCO, G.R. No. 182574, September 28,2010 Appointive Local Officials Common to All Municipalities, Cities, and Provinces, 469490 RAPISORA v. CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION, 228 SCRA 622 (1993) DBM v. LEONES, G.R. No. 169762, March 18,2010 Leagues of Local Government Units and Elective Officials, 491-510 GALAROSA v. VALENCIA, 227 SCRA 728 (1993) MIGUEL v. COURT OF APPEALS, 230 SCRA 339 (1994) VIOLA v. ALUNAN ID, 277 SCRA 409 (1997) BITO-ONON v. FERNANDEZ, 350 SCRA 732 (2001) THE LIGA NG MGA BARANGAY NATIONAL v. THE CITY MAYOR OF MANILA, 420 SCRA 562 (2004) THE NATIONAL LIGA NG MGA BARANGAY v. PAREDES, 439 SCRA 130 (2004) Part IV. Miscellaneous and Final Provisions Provisions for Implementation, 511-525 Transitory Provisions, 526-533 Application of the Code to Local Government Units in the Autonomous Regions, 526 The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao Constitution, Article X, 1,15,16,18,20, and 21 Republic Act No. 6734 (1989) Republic Act No. 8746 (1999) Republic Act No. 9012 (2000)

Republic Act No. 9054 (2001) ABBAS v. COMELEC, 179 SCRA 287 (1989) LIMBONA v. MANGELIN, 170 SCRA 786 (1989) PANDI v. COURT OF APPEALS, 380 SCRA 436 (2002) DISOMANGCOP v. THE SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS AND HIGHWAYS, 444 SCRA 203 (2004) Cordillera Administrative Region Executive Order No. 220 See Republic Act Nos. 6766 and 8438 ORDILLO v. COMELEC, 192 SCRA 100 (1990) CORDILLERA BROAD COALITION v. COA, 181 SCRA 495 (1990) BADUA v. CORDILLERA BODONG ASSOCIATION, 194 SCRA 101 (1991) ATTTIW v. ZAMORA, G.R. No. 143374, September 30,2005 The Metropolitan Manila Development Authority Constitution, Art. X, 11, Art XVIII, 8 Republic Act No. 7924 (1995) MMDA v. GARIN, 456 SCRA 176 (2005) MMDA v. BEL-AIR VILLAGE ASSOCIATION, 328 SCRA 836 (2000) MMDA v. TRACKWORKS RAIL TRANSIT ADVERTISING, VENDING, AND PROMOTIONS INC. 474 SCRA 331 (2005) FRANCISCO V. FERNANDO, 507 SCRA 173 (2006) MMDA v. VIRON TRANSPORTATION CO., 530 SCRA 341 (2007) MMDA v. CONCERNED RESIDENTS OF MANILA BAY, 574 SCRA 661 (2008)