ST\I KAS\S

ITTIK PAA PNYAKIT

GNRATII
Ke!ompok 3
!IfmIo ArfIrInnn IrnfIwI 22030llll50003
IIdyn ArdIny C2C009020
KhoIIshnh ThnhrInnn SufrInnI C2C00902l
ur IInIkn ZuIfn C2C009022
Irmn ur AmoIIn C2C009023
IrnI !ukmnnn C2C009024
!nyynnI Znonn InI C2C009025
Ifn AdI SubInkfI C2C00902?
KurnIn YusfInnn C2C009028
AT!OIOMIT!I
Ioof =5` 6
5` x 30.48 = l52.4 cm : 2.54 = 60 InchI
TInggI Indnn = 60 + 6
= 66 InchI= 66X 2.54 = l6?.64 cm
Iornf Indnn
2l0 s = 2l0 x 0.4563 = 34 kg
1 IBW (Ideu! Body WeIgLt)
Ior fho fIrsf 5` = l00 Ibs
Ior fho 6 ovor 5` ndd 5 X 6 = 30
IIW= l00 + 30 = l30 + l0 Ibs
ll? X 0.4563 = 54.4 kg
l43 X 0.4563 = 66.5 kg
udI IBW udu!uL = 44 66 kg
Pevsen IBW(Ideu! Body WeIgLt)
" IBW= AcfunI WoIghf x l00
IdonI Iody WoIghf
= 2l0 x l00
ll?
= l88.03
= 2l0 x l00
l43
= l53.85
udI Pevsen IBW untuvu 1BB3" - 13B"
BMI (Body Muss Index)
IMI = WoIghf In Ibs x ?05
(HoIghf In Inchos)
2
= 2l0 X ?05
66
2
IMI = 33.99 (ObosIfns III)
3 PevLItungun II untuk Ny R
=ChoIos H! (TC/5)
= 300-30- (350/5)
= 200 mg/dI (fInggI)
( ormnI = < l30 mg/dI)
4 PNG\K\RAN A1C
Alc (CIycohomogIobIn) ndnInh omorIksnnn
homogIobIn forgIIknsI (HbAIc) unfuk
mongovnIunsI ongondnIInn guIn dnrnh,
momborIknn gnmbnrnn rnfn-rnfn guIn dnrnh
soInmn orIodo wnkfu 6-l2 mInggu, dnn hnsII InI
dIorgunnknn borsnmn dongnn hnsII
omorIksnnn guIn dnrnh mnndIrI sobngnI dnsnr
unfuk moInkuknn onyosunInn forhndn
ongobnfnn dInbofos ynng dIjnInnI. nnf
dIgunnknn sobngnI ombodn fIo dInbofos
moIIIfus.
GAIA M TIP NYR
Obos dIfnndnI dongnn IMI = 33.99
Mudnh IoInh
SoInIu mornsn Innr
Ionurunnn II sobosnr l0 soInmn 6mInggu
Kndnr gIukosn dnInm dnrnh 353 mg/dI
6 PNIASAN PATHOIISIOIOGI ARI
GAIA M TIP NYR
Inbofos moIIIfus dIknIfknn dongnn dofIsIonsI
InsuIIn sohInggn nsIon fIdnk dnnf
momorfnhnnknn foIornnsI gIukosn sofoInh
mnknn knrbohIdrnf. JIkn hyorgIIkomI bornf dnn
moIobIhI nmbnng gInjnI unfuk znf InI mnkn nknn
fImbuI gIykosurIn ynng mongnkIbnfknn dIurosIs
osmofIc ynng monIngknfknn onIngknfnn urIn
dnn fImbuI rnsn hnus.
Knronn gIukosn hIInng borsnmn urIn mnkn
nsIon mongnInmI kosoImbnngnn knIorI nognfIvo
dnn bornf bndnn borkurnng.
!nsn Innr ynng somnkIn bosnr (oIIfngIn)
mungkIn nknn fImbuI sobngnI nkIbnf kohIInngnn
knIorI dnn nsIon nknn mongnInmI IoInh dnn
mongnnfuk.
II monIngknf monIngknfknn obosIfns. Kndnr
Iomnk dnn gIukosn ndn obosIfns fInggI sohInggn
sonsIfIfIfns InsuIIn monurun. AkIbnf dnrI
sonsIfIfIfns InsuIIn monurun mnkn kndnr guIn
dnInm dnrnh fInggI (M fIo 2)
?. IIII!AIA IIIISI
IoIydIsIn : rnsn hnus ynng snngnf dnn
borInngsung Inmn
IoIyhngIn : mnknn socnrn borIobIhnn nfnu rnsn
Innr somnkIn bosnr
IoIyurIn : frokuonsI dnn sokrosI urIn ynng
borIobIhnn
Covornmonf commodIfIos : komodIfns nngnn
dnrI omorInfnh, soorfI rogrnm forfIfIknsI nfnu
rogrnm nngnn InInnyn
B B\KTI AANYA HIRASI KARNA
M TIP PAA NYR
y. ! sorIng mornsn hnus (gojnIn). SnInh snfu
nfofIsIoIogI dnrI ondorIfn M fIo 2 ndnInh
oIydIsIn, dIknronnknn ndnnyn hyorgIIkomI
bornf dnn moIobIhI nmbnng gInjnI unfuk znf InI
mnkn nknn fImbuI gIykosurIn ynng
mongnkIbnfknn dIurosIs osmofIc ynng
monIngknfknn onIngknfnn urIn dnn fImbuI rnsn
hnus.
Iongukurnn Inb monunjukknn kndnr nfrIum
(SodIum) : l48 mIq/IIfor
(normnI : l36-l45mIq/!)
HusI! !ub yung bevLubungun dengun
deLIdvusI
O nfrIum (SodIum) : l48 mIq/IIfor (normnI : l36-
l45mIq/!)
1. NyR dIdIugnosIs mengu!umI unemIu
knronn mornsn IoInh dnn Iomns
11 Sete!uL gu!u duvuL Ny R novmu!, dun
LusI! test duvuL yung IngIn dIcupuI
O Monurunknn koIosforoI ngnr moncognh
O Monurunknn TCC komIIknsI onyn-
O MonnIkknn H! kIf dogonornfIf InIn
1 GAMBARAN KONTROI BAIK AN
KONTROI B\R\K PAA PNRITA
IABTS MIIIT\S TIP
KonfroI ynng bnIk unfuk M fIo 2 ndnInh :
dongnn oInhrngn somInggI 5-6 knII soInmn 30-60
monIf, mongkonsumsI mnknnnn fInggI sornf 25
grnm/hnrI, mongurnngI nsunn knrbohIdrnf
sImIok dnn Iomnk jonuh, sorfn mongubnh oIn
hIdu ynng sohnf, monjngn jnrnk wnkfu dnn
frokuonsI mnknn, sohInggn dIhnrnknn ujI
Inbnyn ndnInh:
n) - Kndnr guIn dnrnh monurun dnn sfnbII
b) - Toknnnn dnrnh monurun l20/80 mmhg
c) - IrofII IIId mombnIk
d) - HomoosfnsIs soImbnng
o) - Iornf bndnn monurun
KonfroI buruk ondorIfn M fIo 2: jnrnng
boroInhrngn, jnrnng mongkonsumsI mnknnnn
fInggI sornf, nsunn fInggI knrbohIdrnf
sodorhnnn dnn Iomnk jonuh , sorfn fIdnk
mongubnh oIn hIdu ynng sohnf, fIdnk monjngn
jnrnk wnkfu dnn frokuonsI mnknn, SohInggn
hnsII Inb:
n) - Kndnr guIn dnrnh monIngknf
b) - Toknnnn dnrnh monIngknf
c) - IrofII IIId monIngknf
d) - KofIdnk soImbnngnn HomoosfnsIs
o) - Iornf bndnn monIngknf
13 HA! YAC HA!!S III!HATIKA
O!IH OKTI!
okfor umum hnrus momorhnfIknn Iomnk ynng
nbnormnI ndn ondorIfn M fIo 2 nfnu y. !
knronn jIkn rofII IIId fIdnk dIkondnIIknn
(monIngknf) dnnf momorburuk kondndnnn y.
! knronn nknn monjndI fnkfor rosIko forjndInyn
komIIknsI onynkIf dogonornfIvo InInnyn,
soorfI CV, sfroko.
14 GAMBARAN ARI I\NGSI GIIPIZI
AN KOMPIIKASI N\TRISI
CIIIzIdo ndnInh obnf dInbfos ornI ynng
mombnnfu mongonfroI kndnr guIn dnInm dnrnh.
Obnf InI mombnnfu nncrons dnInm
momroduksI InsuIIn, dIgunnknn unfuk
mongobnfI M fIo 2.
Ifok snmIng ynng dIfImbuIknn dInnfnrnnyn
hIogIIkomIn sohInggn omborInnnnyn dIInkuknn
fIdnk forInIu doknf jnrnknyn dongnn wnkfu
mnknn.
1 GAMBARAN ARI I\NGSI PRAVASTATIN
SOI\M AN KOMPIIKASI N\TRISI
MNGAPA OKTR MNGAN\RKAN NY R
\NT\K MMIN\MNYA PAA WAKT\ TI\R?
IungsI dnrI IrnvnsfnfIn SodIum ndnInh unfuk
monghnmbnf korjn onzIm HMC-CoA ynng
mongnfnIIsnsI fnhn orfnmn dnInm sInfosIs
koIosforoI, dongnn hnsII nkhIr onurunnn ndn
sorum koIosforoI, sorum !!, dnn jugn
monIngknfknn nfnu fIdnk sorum H!.
Knronn obnf InI dnnf monImbuIknn rnsn munI,
sohInggn kIIon dnnf dIborIknn mnknnnn dnInm
orsI kocII nnmun sorIng.
Obnf InI dInnjurknn unfuk dIkonsumsI snnf
wnkfu fIdur knronn sInfosIs koIosforoI bokorjn
nIIng ofokfIf ndn fongnh mnInn hInggn ukuI 5
ngI, dnn jugn knronn y. ! momIIIkI mnsnInh
dongnn gInjnInyn (dIIIhnf dnrI hnsII fos I!
ynng fInggI).
16 TKANAN ARAH &
RKOMNASINYA
Toknnnn dnrnh dnrI y. ! l50/88 (fInggI), sodnngknn
normnI foknnnn dnrnh l20/80, rokomondnsInyn:
l. Monurunknn foknnnn dnrnh sohInggn mondoknfI
normnI dongnn cnrn omborInn dIof
O Monurunknn II bIIn sfnfus gIzI obosIfns
IonIngknfnn II dI usIn downsn snngnf borongnruh
forhndn foknnnn dnrnhnyn. IonoIIfInn IrnmInghnm
monyobufknn bnhwn sofIn konnIknn l0 II mnkn
forjndI onIngknfnn Toknnnn nrnh sobosnr ? mmHg.
IonoIIfInn ynng InIn monyobufknn rnfn-rnfn sofIn
konnIknn II 0.5 kg nknn monIngknfknn foknnnn sIsfoIIk l
mmHg dnn dInsfoIIc 0.5 mmHg. OIoh knronn Ifu
mnnnjomon II snngnf onfIng dnInm rovonsI dnn confroI
hyorfonsI. SoInIn Ifu koIobIhnn Iomnk nknn
monIngknfknn onIngknfnn voIumo Insmn,
monyomIfknn ombuIuh dnrnh, dnn momncu jnnfung
unfuk bokorjn IobIh bornf.
2. MongonfroI foknnnn dnrnh
3. KonfroI foknnnn dnrnh somInggu soknII unfuk
mongofnhuI foknnnn dnrnh snnf Ifu
4. MongurnngI nsunn nnfrIum
5. MonghIndnrI knfoIn dnn nIkohoI
6. KnfoIn dnnf momncu korjn jnnfung bokorjn
IobIh conf, sohInggn mongnIIrknn IobIh bnnynk
cnIrnn ndn sofIn dofIknyn. Somonfnrn
konsumsI nIcohoI IobIh dnrI 2-3 goIns/hnrI dnnf
monIngknfknn rosIko hIorfonsI
?. MonIngknfknn Infnko knIsIum, knIIum dnn
mngnosIum
O KnIsIum
IonoIIfInn monunjukknn suIomon knIsIum l g/hnrI
ndn ornng downsn sohnf soInmn 5 buInn dnnf
monurunknn fonsI
O KnIIum
SuIomon knIIum dnnf monurunknn fonsI (bIIn
nsunn nnfrIum fInggI)
KnIIum borfungsI sobngnI dIurofIc (mornngsnng
ongoIunrnn urIn) sohInggn ongoIunrnn nnfrIum
cnIrnn monIngknf
KnIIum monghnmbnf ongoIunrnn ronnIn sohInggn
mongubnh sIsfom ronnIn nngIofonsIn
Iof fInggI knIIum dongnn konsumsI fInggI bunh dnn
snyur
W MngnosIum
MngnosIum borfungsI sobngnI vnsodIInfor
ndn koronor dnn nrforI orIhornI
HIomngnosomIn (kondnnn rondnh
mngnosIum) bnnynk forjndI ndn hIorfonsI
sohInggn mombufuhknn dosIs nnfI
hIorfonsI IobIh fInggI unfuk mongonfroI
fonsI
SuIomon mngnosIum bormnnfnnf ndn
ondorIfn hIorfonsI dongnn
hIomngnosomIn
8. MonIngknfknn nkfIfIfns fIsIk
Ornng ynng nkfIfIfnsnyn rondnh borosIko forkonn
hIorfonsI 30-50 dnrIndn ynng nkfIf. nrI hnsII
onoIIfInn monunjukknn bnhwn jnInn jnInn
dnnf monurunknn foknnnn dnrnh + 2 mmHg,
somonfnrn InfIhnn norobIc dnnf monurunknn
foknnnn dnrnh sIsfoIIk + 4mmHg dnn dInsfoIIc +
2 mmHg
1? SINROM MTABOIIK
SIndrom mofnboIIk ndnInh kumuInn koInInnn
mofnboIIc ynng mungkIn forjndI ndn usIn
sofongnh bnyn dnn ynng formnsuk fInggI fIngknf
gIukosn dnrnh ndn snnf unsn, hIorfonsI,
dIsIIId, dnn obos sonfrnI
CojnIn : InsuIIn rosIsfon
frIgIycorIdos: > l50 mg/d! (l.? mmoI/!
H! choIosforoI: < 40 mg/d! (l.03 mmoI/!)
unfuk InkI-InkI, < 50 mg/d! (l.29 mmoI/!) unfuk
oromunn
IonIngknfnn foknnnn dnrnh: sysfoIIc II > l30
dnn dInsfoIIc II >85 mm Hg
IMI Is >30 kg/m
1B GAMBARAN ARI H\B\NGAN OBSITAS,
IABTS AN SINROM MTABOIIK
Adnnyn syndromo mofnboIIc ndn nsIon borun
onIngknfnn kndnr gIukosn (hIorgIIkomIk)
mongnkIbnfknn onynkIf M fyo 2 ndn nsIon.
SoInIn Ifu jugn dnnf monImbuIknn kogomuknn
(obosIfns).
Adn knIfnn ornf nnfnrn obosIfns dnn dInbofos
moIIfus fIo 2. ObosIfns orIu dIbodnknn nnfnrn
obosIfns sonfrnI nfnu vIscornI dnn obosIfns
orIfor.
nrI hnsII onoIIfInn oIdomIoIogIs forbukfI bnhwn
koforknIfnn obosIfns dnn dInbofos moIIfus fIo 2 IobIh
joIns ndn morokn dongnn obosIfns sonfrnI. HnsII
omorIksnnn dongnn CT-scnn oruf momorIIhnfknn
bnhwn Iomnk vIscornI snngnf borornn forhndn
forjndInyn rosIsfonsI InsuIIn. WnInuun Iomnk
vIscornI morunknn rodIkfor ufnmn forjndInyn
rosIsfonsI InsuIIn, fnmnknyn fIdnk dIfomuknn
hubungnn forsobuf ndn morokn ynng bornf
bndnnnyn normnI.
Inbofos moIIfus fIo 2 forjndI oIoh dun koInInnn
ufnmn ynIfu ndnnyn dofok soI bofn nnkrons sohInggn
oIonsnn InsuIIn borkurnng, dnn ndnnyn rosIsfonsI
InsuIIn. Indn umumnyn nrn nhII sonknf bnhwn
dInbofos moIIfus fIo 2 dImuInI dongnn ndnnyn
rosIsfonsI InsuIIn, komudInn monyusuI borkurnngnyn
oIonsnn InsuIIn.
Indn ondorIfn obos jugn dIfomuknn ndnnyn
rosIsfonsI InsuIIn. Adn dugnnn bnhwn ondorIfn
dInbofos moIIfus fIo 2 dImuInI dongnn bornf
bndnn normnI, komudInn monjndI obos dongnn
rosIsfonsI InsuIIn dnn bornkhIr dongnn dInbofos
moIIfus fIo 2.
Indn umumnyn ondorIfn dInbofos moIIfus ynng
dnfnng ko kIInIk sudnh dIfomuknn bnIk
rosIsfonsI InsuIIn mnuun dofok soI bofn
nnkrons.
JnrIngnn Iomnk momunynI dun fungsI ynIfu
sobngnI fomnf onyImnnnn Iomnk dnInm
bonfuk frIgIIsorId, dnn sobngnI orgnn ondokrIn.
SoI Iomnk monghnsIIknn borbngnI hormon ynng
dIsobuf jugn ndIosIfokIn (ndIokIno) ynIfu
IofIn, fumor nocrosIs fncfor nIhn (TI-nIfn),
InforIoukIn-6 (I!-6), rosIsfIn, dnn ndIonokfIn.
Hormon-hormon forsobuf borornn jugn ndn
forjndInyn rosIsfonsI InsuIIn. Indn gnmbnr 2
dIorIIhnfknn hubungnn jnrIngnn Iomnk dongnn
kojndInn rosIsfonsI InsuIIn.