Final year Diploma project

Microprocessor Based Volume Detector

• Need of the Project:

As name indicates this equipment is used to measure Volume of certain Geometrical objects.
The basic need arises from ‘Forging Industry’ where different dimensions and volume of different objects have
to be measured. This project aimed at avoiding human error and tedious job in such industries.

• Principle of Operation:
We used optical principle to measure Volume of different objects. To measure volume of
any objects it has to be sensed from all three directions. Here LDR were used as a sensing element and an
Electric bulb was used as a Light source. The array of LDRs were placed in X Y and Z axis to sense objects. If
object dimension is such that it covers any LDR from the array then corresponding LDR will be in high
resistance region and vice versa. Logic converter and Current Drivers (BC 147) in further stage boost current
from sensors and corresponding digital output is given to Intel 8085-Microprocessor. Microprocessor will check
status of each LDR in all three arrays and compute Length, Breath, Height and volume of the object.
Programming was done in Assembly Level Language. 8255 ‘Programmable Peripheral Interface (PPI)” was
used to interface the external hardware with 8085 Microprocessor.

• Computation part:
Mathematical calculation was based on:
 Diameter of LDRs used
 No. of LDRs covered in each Array (X-Y-Z)
 Depending on Geometrical volume formulae volume were calculated.

• Components used:

Neon Lamp- used as a light source.

LDR- used as optical sensor.
BC 147- Used as a Logic converter and current booster.
Microprocessor Intel-8085 was used to compute mathematical part.
And other interfacing circuits required were used.

Tools used:
8085 Simulink- To simulate program
Crock Clip - To design circuits.
PSPICE - To simulate circuits.
Express PCB - To design PCBs.

• Application :
 In Forging Industry to calculate volume of large no. of objects.
 In shipping industry transport charges are made as per the dimensions of objects.

Industrial Relevance:
This innovative project was implemented three years back. Recently forging Industries like “MGM forge” have
implemented this idea in their factory to achieve good accuracy and to avoid monotonous job of worker hence
utilizing them for more useful work.

Achivements: