Professional Documents
Culture Documents
:
7--9
..
:
... ..
2011
...3
1. ..4
1.1.
4
1.2. .5
1.3. ..9
.....10
2. ...11
2.1. ...11
2.2. -................14
2.3. --.............................17
.....19
3. ..20
3.1. --..20
3.2. -.23
.....25
.26
26
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2.
A (x) , 1,
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A (x) ,
,
A ( x ) [0,1] .
[0, 1], 0
2
. . - .:
, 1976. - 166c.
.
.
(,
x 3 2
)
0.2
A ( x) = exp
( x ) ( x )
( x )
x { x n } A( x) = x 1 , x 2 ,..., x N .
2
N
1
, ,
x1=7, x2=8, x3=9, x4=10, x5=11, x6=12, x7=13,
, 10,
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support). Supp()
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" " - 4 + 4.
() () , A ( x) = B ( x)
.
,
M ( A) = A ( xi ) .
,
1.
[0,1].
,
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, "" .
:
1. A B :
AB ( x) = Max [ A( x), B( x )] .
2. A B :
AB ( x) = Min [ A( x), B ( x )] .
3.
A ( x) =1 A ( x) .
4.
CON ( A) :
CON ( x) = [ A ( x)] 2 .
5.
DIL ( A) :
6. A * B :
A*B ( x) = A ( x) * B ( x) .
7.
A+
B
A + B ( x ) = min{ 1, A ( x ) +B ( x)} .
8.
A
B
A B ( x) = max{ 0, A ( x) B ( x )} .
9.
A* B
A * B ( x ) = max{ 0, A ( x ) + B ( x ) 1} .
10.
NORM ( x ) =
NORM ( A) :
A ( x)
.
max{ A ( x)}
1.3.
-
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(), -
().
3.
- ,
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N i 1 1 2 2 ... xN
AN, .
x1, x2,, xN N- x,
, 1, 2,, N
A ( xi ) B ( y ) .
xi .
A (x ) , - x = [ x1 , x 2 ,..., x N ] ,
( ),
.
:
A ( x) = min ( A ( xi )) - ;
i =1,..., N
A ( x) = A ( xi ) - .
i =1
. , 1
1 2 2 ... xN AN, ,
AB ( x, y ) .
:
3
. / . .. . - .:
, 2002. -344 .
10
A B ( x) = A ( x) B ( x) } - .
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N- x = [ x1 , x2 ,..., xN ]
, A (x)
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x 2
.
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x 2 b
.
A ( x) = exp
: , b. b
, 2.
12
2 - b
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x c
1
, x [c d , c + d ]
A ( x) =
.
d
0,
d
3.
.
3 -
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y =c
t 1
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2 s
z =c +
t 1
+ ,
2 s
s ,
13
0 x > z x < y
t
t
1 c x c +
2
2
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t
.
s ( z x) c + 2 x z
t
s ( z y ) y x c
2
t = 0
.
4 -
.
( y ) = AB ( y )
. :
1. :
( y ) y
=
( y )
i
yc
2. :
M
( y ) y
=
( y )
ci
yc
ci
, yci - i- , a ( yci ) -
ci
, .
14
3. :
m
yM =
, m - , ( yci )
. ( y )
ymax, yM=ymax. ( y )
yl yp, yM=0.5(yl - yp).
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http://www.intuit.ru
17
2.3. --
-- (TSK).
, .
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. TSK
1 1 2 2 xN N, y=f(x1, x2, , xN).
TSK x ,
y=f(x), f(x)= f(x1, x2, , xN). ,
, , -.
, -
. -
N
: y = f ( x) = po + pi xi , p0, 1, , pN
i =1
- , ().
TSK , f(x)
, y=f(x)=p0.
TSK () ,
.
wi, y =
w y
i =1
M
wj
j =1
y=
i =1
wi
j =1
i =1
wi
=1
w
j =1
y=
i =1
wi
y i = wi' y i
w
j =1
i =1
y i = wi' y i
i =1
wi :
. i-o ( i = 1, 2, , M)
18
N
TSK :
y i = pi 0 + pij w j ,
j =1
TSK :
y=
i =1
wi
( pi 0 + pij w j )
w
j =1
j =1
xj j=1, 2,
..., N.
wi .
,
. -
,
,
, -.
7 --
1 x2
( -).
. A (x)
( Min)
19
{A ( x1 ), A ( x 2 )} .
w1 w2,
TSK, : w1 = A(1) ( x) w2 = A( 2) ( x) .
TSK, .
, ()
TSK
y=
w1 y1 + w2 y 2
w1
w2
=
y1 +
y 2 , y1=p10+p11x1+p12x2, y2=p20+p21x1+p22x2.
w1 + w1
w1 + w1
w1 + w1
- , ,
5.
.
.
. / . .. . - .:
, 2002. -344 .
20
3.
-
--
xi (i=1, 2, ..., N)
.
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.
.
.
3.1. --
TSK
N
(1)
2
(1)
N
........................................................................................
j =1
if (xi is Ai) ,
21
i :
A ( xi ) =
x i
1 + i
i
2 bi
, A ( xi ) Ai.
N
1
A( k ) ( x ) =
(k )
j =1
1 + x i i
(
k
)
i
2b ( k )i
k-
y ( x) =
1
N
w
k =1
w
k =1
y k ( x)
, y k ( x) = p k 0 + p kj x j .
j =1
wk
y ( x) =
w
k =1
A ( x) .
(k )
k =1
y k ( x)
8. .
1.
xi (i = 1, 2, , N), k-
(k )
( xi )
i( k ) , ci( k ) , bi( k ) , .
2.
i,
wk = A
(k )
( x) x ( .
22
3.
TSK,
y k ( x) = p k 0 + p kj x j .
j =1
k() wk,
. ,
pkj k= 1, 2, , j = 1, 2, , N,
TSK.
4. -,
yk(x),
M
w
k =1
5.
. .
, .
()
y ( x) = f ( x) =
f1
.
f2
23
8 - --
TSK (
), .
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, - ,
pkj TSK.
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()
24
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. M(4N+1) ,
.
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M=mN ( ,
, 32 = 9 ). ,
3MN
3NM1/N.
, .. M(N+1).
3.2. -
-,
, . . .
9.
,
, -
, () -
( ) ( ),
,
().
. (
i( k ) , ci( k ) , bi( k ) ), - v1, v2, , vM,
k k- .
25
y ( x) =
1
M
k =1
j =1
(k )
A
j =1
( x j )
k =1
(k )
A
( x j )
.
9 - -
- --
. , ( )
, if ... ,
-, TSK.
then. TSK
. -
(vk=ck),
, .
26
, -
TSK.
(TSK -)
(, d), ,
, ().
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E =
1
( y ( x ( l ) d ( l ) ) 2 ) ,
2 i =1
(, d), ,
.
(- --), .
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27
.
, , ,
-
.
1. .
. - .: , 1976. - 166c.
2. . / .
.. . - .: , 2002. -344 .
3. .., .. .
. - .: -, 2002. -382 .
28
4. http://www.intuit.ru
5. http://ru.wikipedia.org
6. http://www.basegroup.ru/library/analysis/fuzzylogic
7. http://www.marshal-group.com
8. http://hexlet.ru/blog/fuzzy/21.html
9. http://rk6.bmstu.ru/electronic_book/iisapr/NN/Intro.html