964/2

STPM 2011

BIOLOGY
PAPER 2
TWO AND A HALF HOUR

________________________________________________

STPM EXAMINATION

INSTRUCTION TO CANDIDATES: Answer all the questions in Section A in the spaces provided. Answer any four questions from Section B. For this section, write your answer on the answer sheets provided. Begin each answer on a fresh sheet of paper. Answer should be illustrated by large, clearly labelled diagrams wherever suitable. Answers may be written in either Malay or English. Arrange your answers in numerical order and tie the answer sheets

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Section A (40 marks)

Answer all questions in this section 1. Mendel conducted genetic experiments by using a type of plant. a. Name the scientific name of plant used by Mendel in his experiments on genetics. (1)

_____________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ b. Mendel studied seven different characteristics of the plant named in 1(a). Table different below list five of the characteristics he studi studied. Fill in the table the dominant and recessive traits for e each characteristic listed. Characteristic Pod colour Pod shape Flower position Seed colour Seed shape c. Define these: i. Gene (2) Dominant trait Recessive trait (5)

______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ ________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ii. Phenotype (1)

______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ iii. Genotype (1)

______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________

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2. Diagram 1 below shows cross section of a bone. B Cell X

A B C D E

Diagram 1 a. Name structures labelled: A : ___________________________________________________________ (1) B : ___________________________________________________________ (1) __________________________________________________________ C : ___________________________________________________________ (1) __________________________________________________________ D : ___________________________________________________________ (1) __________________________________________________________ E : ___________________________________________________________ (1) __________________________________________________________ b. Identify cell X in diagram 1. State the function of cell X in the development of . bone. (3)

________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ d. State two functions of bone besides providing support and shape to body. s (2)

________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________

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3.

Oxygen dissociation curves for three different respiratory pigments found in human are given in diagram 2 below.

Curve A

Curve B Curve C

Diagram 2 a. Identify the respiratory pigments that is represented by the oxygen dissociation curves in diagram 2 2: A : ___________________________________________________________ (1) B : ___________________________________________________________ (1) __________________________________________________________ C : ___________________________________________________________ (1) __________________________________________________________ b. Explain the importance of curve A located at far left of the graph. graph (3)

________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ c. Explain the importance of curve B located to the left of curve C. (2)

________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ d. Each haemoglobin can bind reversibly with four oxygen molecules to form oxyhaemoglobin. E Explain this statement by using structure of haemoglobin. (2)

________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________

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4. Diagram 3 below shows a vector map of the plasmid vector p ows pUC19 that contains ampicillin resistance gene and lac Z gene.

Diagram 3 pUC19 is used as a vector to clone the gene coding for human insulin. a. Describe, with reference to specific restriction enzymes, how human insulin gene can be inserted into the vector pUC19 to form recombinant DNA. DNA (4)

___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ Recombinant DNA produced through the method you described are subsequently introduced into Escherichia coli via the process of transformation. The cells from the transformation process are grown on a agar plate. b. In addition to the nutrients necessary for growth, name two other substances that were added to the agar plate to allow for selection of cells successf successfully transformed with the recombinant plasmid. (2)

___________________________________________________________________ c. Result of plating the transformed cells onto agar plate with appropriate su substances produced colonies that appear blue or white. Explain why some colonies appeared white while others appeared blue. (4)

___________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

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Section B (60 marks)

Answer any four questions in this section 5. Explain Beadle and Tatum experiment on gene concept. Tatums 6. a. Draw and label structure of nephron. b. Explain in details processes involved in urine synthesis. 7. a. Explain about autonomic nervous system system. b. Explain the effect of coccaine on autonomic nervous system. tem. 8. a. State characteristics of Coniferophyta phylum phylum. b. Explain sexual reproduction of a named Coniferophyta plant. roduction 9. a. Explain Darwins theory of evolution. s b. Explain three proofs for Darwins theory of evolution. 10. Explain how organisms are classified in taxonomy. (15) (3) (12) (10) (5) (5) (10) (6) (9) (15)

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