Performance

Parameters of Cessna
Citation X

Submitted by
Shashank.S
Roll No. 37
Aerospace

Program:
clear all
%% ---- DATA ---- %%
cdo=0.02; % drag coefficient at zero lift
e=0.81; % span ellipticity factor
s=48.96; %planform area
g=9.81; %acceleration due to gravity
ar=7.8; %aspect ratio
vcr=972/3.6; %cruise speed in m/s
Tmax=30.09*2000; %maximum thrust from 2 turbofan engines at sea level
h=13106.4; %cruise altitude
rho=101325/(287*288.2); %density at sea level
w=16374*g; %maximum take-off weight
we=10024*g; %empty weight
ct=0.83/3600; %TSFC
%% --- Calculations --- %%
k3=1/(pi*e*ar);
k1=k3/3; %assumed parasite drag due to lift
k=k1+k3;
ws=w/s; %wing loading
tw=Tmax/w; %thrust to weight ratio
if h<11000 %rho(infinity) at various altitudes
rhoin=rho*((288.16-0.0065*h)/288.16)^((g/(0.287*6.5))-1);
else
rho1=rho*(216.66/288.16)^((g/(0.287*6.5))-1);
rhoin=rho1*exp(-g*((h-11000)/(287*216.66)));
end
%% --- Performance for steady level flight --- %%
V=50:0.1:500;
% Thrust Required curve
cl=(2.*w)./(rhoin.*(V.^2).*s);
cd=cdo+k.*(cl.^2);
tr=0.5.*rhoin.*(V.^2).*s.*cd;
plot(V,tr);
%% L/D curve
L=w;
D=tr;
ld=L./D;
plot(V,ld);
%% Power required and Power Available curve
Pr=tr.*V;
Pa=Tmax*((rhoin/rho)^0.6).*V; %incorporating correction with altitude
plot(V,Pr);
hold on
plot(V,Pa);
hold off
%% ROC
roc=(Pa-Pr)./w;
plot(V,roc);
%% ROS
ros=sqrt((2./(((cl.^3)./(cd.^2)).*rhoin)).*ws);
plot(V,ros);
%% Range
R=((2./ct).*sqrt(2./(rhoin.*s)).*(sqrt(cl)./cd)).*(sqrt(w)-sqrt(we));
%% Endurance
E=(1/ct).*ld.*log(w/we);
%% --- Performance for accelerated flight --- %%
V=50:0.1:700;
%% n max
qin=0.5.*rhoin.*(V.^2);
nmax=sqrt((qin./(k.*ws)).*(tw-(qin.*(cdo./ws))));
plot(V,nmax);

%% takeoff performance
clmax=2.1*cosd(37); %Citation X has single-slotted fowler flap with wing sweep
angle
of 37 deg
vstall=sqrt((2/rho).*ws.*clmax);
sg=(1.21*ws)/(g*rho*clmax*tw); % ground roll distance
r=6.96*(vstall^2)/g;
the=acos(1-(10.668/r));
sa=r*sin(the); %airborne segment of takeoff distance
td=sg+sa;
%% landing performance
thea=3; %assuming approach angle is 3 deg
ur=0.4; %assuming friction co-efficient is 0.4
clmax=2.7*cosd(37);
vstall=sqrt((2/rho).*ws.*clmax);
vf=1.23*vstall;
vtd=1.15*vstall;
r=(vf^2)/(0.2*g);
hf=r.*(1-cosd(thea));
sa=(15.24-hf)/tand(thea);
sf=r.*sind(thea);
Jt=0.4; %assuming no thrust reversal
cl=0.1; %for ground roll
cd=cdo+k.*(cl.^2);
Ja=(rho/(2*ws))*(cd-(ur*cl));
sg=(3*vtd)+((1/(2*g*Ja))*log(1+((Ja/Jt)*vtd^2)));
ld=sg+sf+sa;
%% --- END --- %%

Graphs:

n vs V graph acknowledgement : Matt Greco & Josh Wagner

Performance Parameters:

Parameter

Obtained
Actual
Steady Level Flight Parameters

Min. Thrust Required

11775 N

V at Min. Tr

214.7 m/s

Max. L/D

13.6411

V at Max. L/D

214.7 m/s

Min. Power Required

2218 kW

V at Min. Pr

163.2 m/s

Vmax

418.7 m/s

343.8 m/s

Max. Rate of Climb

18.0826 m/s

18.6 m/s

V at Max. ROC

270 m/s

Max. theta (ROC)

4.3 deg

V at Max. theta (ROC)

213.1 m/s

Min. Rate of Sink

13.81 m/s

V at Min. ROS

165 m/s

Min. theta (ROS)

4.2 deg

V at Min. Theta (ROS)

230 m/s

Max. Range

6300 m

Max. Endurance

8.06 h

Service Ceiling

20,350 m

Absolute ceiling

20,530 m

5956 m
15545 m

Accelerated Flight Parameters

Max. of n(max)

5.1107

V at Max. of n(max)

487 m/s

Take-off distance

894.336 m

1567 m

Landing Distance

2989 m

1036 m

References:
1. www.cessna.com
2. www.airliners.net
3. Jackson, Paul. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 20032004. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's
Information Group, 2003.
4. www.wikipedia.org