ANATOMY OF BONE

Classified on the basis of shape -long (femur) -short(phalynx) -flat(scapula) -irregular(carpal )

STRUCTURE OF A LONG BONE

Macroscopically

Epiphysis Diaphysis Metaphysis Growth(epiphysial) plate

Microscopically Woven bone Lamellar bone

STRUCTURAL COMPOSITION OF BONEcellular matrix Made of bone cell and extra

Periosteum cover Outer surface of bone Bone cell :-ostoblast -osteocyte -osteoclast Matrix :-organic e.g. collagen -inorganic e.g. ca++. PO4 Also classified as Cortical Cancellous corticocancellous

Osteon- basic structural unit Consist concentric lamella around a canal called Haversian canal Haversian canal runs longitudinally and connect with each other by horizontally run Volkman s canals from endosteal to periosteal surface

GROWTH OF A BONE
1. enchondral ossification :- mostly long bones -primary center -secondary center -primarily cartilageous model convert into bone 2. intramembranous ossification :- flat bones Length by growth of epiphysial plate Girth by subperiosteal new bone formation Remodelling is a continous process of resorbs and reformation of bone throughout life to preserve the structure and size of bone and maintain calcium ionic hemostasis

BLOOD SUPPLY
Nutrient vessels- mostly in center Metaphysial vessels Epiphysial vessels Periosteal vessels