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10

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(1892-1982

1892Eksa jkTkLFkku ds uoyx<+ esa

TkUesa lhrkjke lsdljh;k dk v|hdkka Tkhou dydRrk esa chrk A egkRek xka|h ds vkokgu ij Lora=rk vkanksyu esa c<+&p<+dj fgLlsnkjh dhA lR;kxzg vkanksyu ds nkSjku mUgksaus Tksy ;k=k Hkh dhA dqN lky rd vkT+kn fgan QkSTk ds ea=h Hkh jgsA Hkkjr ljdkj us mUgsa 1962 esa in~EJh lEeku ls lEekfur fd;kA

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y caxky ij ;g dyad yxk Fkk fd mlus

dzakfr esa Hkkx fcydqy ugha fy;k gS blfy, yksxksa us 26 tuojh 1931 dks >aMk Qgjkus dh Bkuh o vaxzsT+kksa dks [kqyk pqukSfr fn;kA

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26 tuojh % ^^vkt dk fnu rks vej fnu gS^^A ;g dgrs gq, lhrkjke lsdlfj;k us iwjs Lora= fnol dk n`; izLrqr fd;k gSA cM+s+ ckt+kj ds edkuksa ij jkfV~; >aMk Qgjk;k x;k Fkk vkSj dbZ edkuksa dks ,Slk ltk;k x;k Fkk ekuks Lora=rk fey xbZ gksA ftl jkLrs ls euq; tkrs Fks mlh jkLrs esa mRlkg vkSj uohurkk ekywe gksrh FkhA iqfyl Hkh viuh iwjh rkdr ls esa xr nsd+j iznkZu dj jgh FkhA eksVj ykfj;ksa esa xksj[ksa rFkk lkjtsav izR;sd eksM+ ij rSukr FksA fdruh gh ykfj;kW kgj esa ?kqekbZ tk jgh FkhA ?kqM+lokjksa dk Hkh izca| FkkA dgha Hkh V~SfQd iqfyl u Fkh lkjh iqfyl dks blh dke esa yxk;k x;k FkkA cM+a+s cM++as ikdksZa

Jn~/kkan ikdZ esa caxkky izakfr; fo|kFkhZ la| ds eaf++= vfoukk ckcw us >aMk xkM+k rks iqfyl us mudks idM+ fy;k Fkk o yksxksa dks ekjk ;k gVk fn;kA 11 cts ekjokM+h ckfydk fo|ky; dh yM+fd;ksa us vius fo|ky; dh yM+fd;ksa us vius fo|ky; esa >aMksRlo euk;kA lqHkkk ckcw ds tqywl dk Hkkj iw.kksnkl ij Fkk ij og ;g izca/k dj pqdk FkkA L=h lekt viuh rS;kjh esa yxk FkkA txg -txg ls Lf=;kW viuk tqywl fudkyus dh rFkk Bhd Lfkku ij igqWpkus dh dksfkk dj jgh FkhaA Tkc ls dkuwu Hkax gksus dk dke kq: gqvk gS rc ls vkt rd bruh cM+h lHkk ,sls eSnku esa ugha eh xbZ Fkh vkSj ;g lHkk rks dguk pkfg, fd vksiu yM+kbZ FhA iqfyl dfeuj dk uksfVl fudy pqdk FkkAfd veqd-veqd /kkjk ds

y Tkks yksx dke djus okys Fks mu lcdks bu lcdks

balisVjksa ds n~okjk uksfVl vkSj lwpuk ns nh xbZ Fkh fd vki ;fn lHkk esa Hkkx ysaxs rks nkskh le>s tk,WxsA ekuqesaV ds uhps Bhdpkj ctdj pkSchl feuV ij >aMk Qgjk;k tk,xk rFkk Lora=k dh izfrKk i<+h tk,xhA [kqyk tSysat nsdj ,Slh lHkk igys ugha dh xbZ FkhA Bhd pkj ctdj nl feuV ij lqHkkk ckcw dk tqywl ysdj vk,A mudks pkSjaxh ij gh jksdk x;k,ij HkhM+ dh vf/kdrk ds dkj.k iqfyl tqywl dks jksd ugha ldha eSnku ds eksM+ ij iqfyl us ykfB;kW pykuh kq: dj nhaA cgqr vkneh ?kk;y gq,, lqHkkk ckcw ij Hkh ykfB;kW iM+haA lqHkkk ckcw cgqr t+ksjksa ls oans ekrje~ cksy jgs

m/kj fL=;kW ekuqesaV dh lhf<+;kW ij p<+ >aMk Qgjk jgha Fkha vkSj ?kksk.kk i<+ jgh FkhaA tks okysafV;j x, Fks os vius LFkku ls ykfB;kW iM+us iM+ Hkh gVrs ugha FksA lqHkkk ckcw dks idM+ fy;k x;k vkSj xkkM+h esa cSBkdj ykyckt+kj ykWdvi esa Hkst fn;k x;k /keZrYys ds eksM+ ij vkdj tqywl VwV x;k vkSj djhc 5060 fL=;kWa ogha eksM+ ij cSB xbZaA iqfyl us mudks idM+dj yky ckt+kj Hkst fn;k fL=;ksa dk ,d Hkkx vkxs c<+k ftldk usr`Ro fcey izfrHkk dj jgh FkhA mudks cgw ckt+kj ij jksdk x;k vkSj os ogha eksM+ ij cSB xbZA vkl ikl cgqr cM+h HkhM+ bdVB~h gks xbZ,ftl ij iqfyl chp chp esa ykBh pykrh FkhA

y o`tyky xks;udk igys rks >aMk ysdj oans ekrje cksyrk

gqvk ekuqesaV dh vksj bruh t+ksj ls nkSM+k fd vius vki gh fxj iM+k vkSj mls ,d vaxzst+h ?kqM+lokj ykBh ekjh fQj idM+dj dqN nwj ys vkus ds ckn NksM+ fn;kA bl ij og fL=;ksa ds tqywl esa kkfey gks x, vkSj ogkW ij Hkh mldks NksM+ fn;k rc og nks lkS vknfe;ksa dk tqywl cukdj yky ct+kj x;k vkSj ogkW ij fxjQrkj gks x;kAA enkylk Hkh idM+h xbZ FkhA lc feykdj 105 fL=;kW idM+h xbZ FkhaA ckn esa jkr ds ukS cts lcdks NksM+ fn;k x;kA dydRrk esa vkt rd bruh fL=;kW ,d lkfk fxjQrkj ugha dh xbZ FkhaA djhc vkB cts [knh HkaMkj vk, rks dkaxzl vkWfQ+l ls Q+ksu vk;k fd ;gkW cgqr vkneh pksV [kkdj vk, gSa vkSj dbZ dh laxhu gS muds fy, xkM+h pkfg,A tkudhnsoh ds lkFk ogkW x,, cgqr yksxksa dks pkV yxh gqbZ Fkh A

y vkt rks tks dqN gqvk og viw.kZ gqvk gSA caxky ds

uke ;k dydRrk ds uke ij dyad Fkk fd ;gkW dke ugha gks jgk gS og vkt cgqr vak esa /kqy x;k vkSj yksx x, fd ;gkW Hkh cgqr lk dke gks ldrk gSA