Vocabulary

Definition
term
angiosperm a flowering vascular plant
a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and
cell wall
provides support to a plant cell
a green pigment that captures light energy for
chlorophyll
photosynthesis
an organelle found in plant and algae cells where
chloroplast
photosynthesis occurs
a waxy layer that coats most plant surfaces exposed to air
cuticle
to help prevent the plant from drying out
the second stage of the plant life cycle, where female plants
gametophyte
produce eggs and male plants produce sperm
gymnosperm a nonflowering vascular plant
herbaceous
stems that are soft, thin, and flexible
stem
nonvascular a plant that does not have specialized tissues to move water
plant and nutrients through the plant
in flowering plants, the lower part of a pistil that produces
ovary
eggs in ovules
a structure in the ovary of a seed plant that contains an
ovule
embryo sac and that develops into a seed after fertilization
petal the broad, flat, thin, often colorful leaflike parts of a flower
vascular tissue that transports food molecules to all parts of
phloem
the plant
process by which chloroplasts capture energy from sunlight
photosynthesis
to make food from carbon dioxide and water
pistil the female reproductive part of a flower
seedless vascular plants which include ferns, horsetails, and club
plants mosses
modified leaves that make up the outermost ring of flower
sepal
parts and protect the bud
sporophyte the stage where plants make spores
stamen the male reproductive part of a flower
a root system which has one main root which grows
taproot
downward and can reach water deep underground
organelle in plant cells which stores water and helps support
vacuole
the cell
a plant that has specialized tissues that transport materials
vascular plant
from one part of the plant to another
woody stem rigid stems made of wood and bark
vascular tissue that transports water and nutrients from the
xylem
roots to other parts of the plant