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Sulfonamides
Rarely used Bacteriostatic Action: Structure similar to Para amino benzoic acid(PABA) which synthesize Folic Acid. Sulfonamides compete with PABA substarte for the bacterial enzyme. Thus they inhibit the synthesis of bacterial folic acid
Therapeutic use: selected enterobacteria in UTI, toxoplasmosis and chloroquine resistant malaria. Administration: orally for systemic infection Topical for burns (silver sulfadiazine) IV in those pts. Who are unable to take oral preparations Distribution: throughout the body, penetrate into the CSF even in absence of inflammation, pass palcental barrier and enter fetal tissues. Bound to plasma protein
Metabolism: Acetylated primarily in liver Excretion: eliminated by glomerular filtration and breast milk. Adverse effects: crystalluria: