CLASS TYPE EXAMPLES

Percutaneous Percutaneous drainage placement; Arthroscopy; Laparoscopic surgery; Stereotactic neurosurgery

Endoscopic Gastrointestinal endoscopy; Cystoscopy; Endoscopic sinus surgery; Bronchoscopy; Hysteroscopy

MINIMALLY
Endovascular Angioplasty; Vascular coiling and other ablation procedures
INVASIVE SURGERY
Robotics DaVinci system

Radiosurgery Interstitial brachytherapy; Gamma-knife neurosurgery

Screening Mammography; Whole-body PET scanning; Electron beam calcium scoring (EBCT)

Diagnosis Multi-slice CT (MSCT); Doppler ultrasound; High-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); Noninvasive angiography
IMAGING
Molecular Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS); PET-based molecular imaging

Intraoperative Intraoperative MRI (MRT); Intravascular ultrasound

Immunosuppression Cyclosporin; OKT3 & derivatives

IMMUNE
Vaccines Cancer vaccines
MODULATION
Immunotherapies Toxin-linked or radiation-linked monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for cancer

Signal transduction Gleevec (imatinib mesylate) for CML

TARGETED DRUG Apoptosis P53 based therapies; MLN341 proteosome inhibitors

THERAPIES Angiogenesis-related Endostatin; Angiogenesis stimulation in CHF

Other targets Activated Protein C for sepsis (Xigris)

Genetic testing BRCA1 testing for breast cancer risk; Melastatin (Diagnomic test for melanoma)
GENETIC
Pharmacogenetics Anti estrogen therapy (tamoxifen) for estrogen receptor positive breast cancer
ENGINEERING
Gene therapy Myocardial and peripheral angiogenesis; Correction of Inborn Errors of Metabolism

Mechanical devices Vascular stents (including drug-eluting stents); Ventricular assist devices (VADs); Artificial hips; Penile prostheses

Electronic devices Implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICDs); Deep brain stimulation for intractable epilepsy; Cardiac pacemakers

Infusion devices & dialysis Baclofen pumps for spasticity; Vascular access devices (permanent central lines, etc.)
IMPLANTABLES
Shunt devices Ventricular shunts; Stoma technologies

Transplanted organs Heart transplant, liver transplant, kidney transplant (iso & xeno transplantation)

Nanomedicine
Advanced lab diagnostics APC gene testing for colon cancer; Cholesterol skin test

BIOLOGICALS Growth factor based therapies Epogen (erythropoeitin); GM-CSF for BMT

Cell based therapies Cell transplantation for Parkinson’s disease; Myocyte transplantation for CHF

MEDICAL Physician-oriented Computer-aided diagnosis

INFORMATICS Patient-oriented EMR; PACS