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Changing state
When a substance changes state, heat energy is either added or taken away. When a solid changes to liquid, heat energy increases. This is called melting. The process of a liquid changing to a gas is called evaporation.
When a gas is cooled, it changes to a liquid this Is called condensation. When a liquid is cooled and becomes a solid, its called freezing. Sometimes solids change to gas without passing through the liquid phase, this is called sublimation. Sublimation also occurs when a gas becomes a solid without becoming a liquid.