THE

ECOLOGIC MODEL

Prepared & Reported by: Lucky P. Roaquin, RN AMS II

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Understand the historical overview of ecologic model; Conceptualize the four core principles of ecologic model; Apply ecologic models for its main purpose; and Justify strengths and limitations of ecologic model

LEARNING CONTENTS

Background & History of Ecologic Models

Guiding Principles of Ecologic Models

Types of Ecologic Model

Application of Ecological Models to Health Behavior

DEFINITION OF TERMS

ECOLOGIC MODEL

- Provide comprehensive frameworks for understanding the multiple and interacting determinants of health behavior.

BACKGROUND & HISTORY OF ECOLOGIC MODELS

Ecology Based on a rich conceptual tradition in the behavioral sciences Accdg. to Stokols (1992), ecologic models focus on the nature of peoples transactions with their physical and socio-cultural surroundings.

GUIDING PRINCIPLES OF ECOLOGIC MODEL

4 Principles of Ecologic Model 1. Multiple levels of factors influence perspectives are proposed. 2. Influences interact across levels 3. Multi-level interventions should be most effective in changing behavior 4. Ecological models are most powerful when they are behavior-specific

TYPES OF ECOLOGIC MODEL

1. Clark-Leavell Triad Model There are three interactive factors that affect health and illness

TYPES OF ECOLOGIC MODEL

2. Lever Model Used to show the relationship between the host, agent and environment
AGENT
ENVIRONMENT

HOST

TYPES OF ECOLOGIC MODEL

3. Web Causation Model Works with complex disease etiologies and co-factors.

TYPES OF ECOLOGIC MODEL

4. Wheel of Causation
contains a hub with the host at its center surrounded by multi-factorial variables that illustrate the multiple etiological factors of human infectious diseases

TYPES OF ECOLOGIC MODEL

5. Rothmans Pie
A cause of a disease is an event, condition, or characteristics that plays an essential role in producing an occurrence of the disease

TYPES OF ECOLOGIC MODEL

6. Systems Theory Model

used to organize and demonstrate complex interactions between systems using a theoretical base

APPLICATION OF ECOLOGIC MODEL TO HEALTH BEHAVIOR

SAMPLE ECOLOGIC MODEL

Mr. M 75 y/o Retired accountant 185 lbs plays golf every weekend loves to eat festive foods smokes and drinks alcohol for 28 years HPN for 15 years, poorly managed (+) father DM for 6 years, poorly controlled (+) father

SAMPLE ECOLOGIC MODEL

Mr. M Diagnosed to have CHF a year ago Had attacks of HPN with chest pains (substernal) With pacemaker inserted on R chest

Ecologic Model: Web Causation

SAMPLE ECOLOGIC MODEL

Alcohol Drinker Chest Pain Age HPN

Diet
Lack of exercises Smoker

Pacemaker

Family Hx
CHF

DM

SAMPLE ECOLOGIC MODEL

Mr. Z 46 y/o tricycle driver for 8 years smoker since 14 years old; ocassional alcohol drinker residing at Blumentritt, Tondo, Manila lives with family (wife, 6 children) eat twice daily (lunch and dinner) no immunization since birth

SAMPLE ECOLOGIC MODEL

Mr. Z diagnosed to have PTB (controlled and under medication) PTB patient was suspected in the neighborhood still with productive cough, night chills, and chest pains

Ecologic Model: Triad Model/Lever Model

SAMPLE ECOLOGIC MODEL

A. Triad Model

Agent

Environment

Host

SAMPLE ECOLOGIC MODEL

B. Lever Model
Agent

Host

ENV

Further Question/s

Maraming Salamat!!!!