Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PART 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chapter 8
8-2
A leader is best when people barely know he exists, when his work is done they will say: We did it ourselves.
~ Lao-Tzu, c. 600 B.C.
Leadership is the art of getting someone else to do something you want done because he wants to do it.
~ Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1890 - 1969
Copyright 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. 8-3
Key Topics
Psychological contracts in the workplace Job satisfaction and employee morale Theories of employee motivation Job satisfaction and employee motivation Managerial styles of leadership
8-4
Psychological Contract
A Set of Employment Expectations Contributions:
What does each employee expect to contribute to the organization?
Inducements:
What will the organization provide to each employee in return?
8-5
High Morale:
An overall positive employee attitude toward the workplace
Low Turnover:
A low percentage of employees leave each year
Copyright 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.
TURNOVER
Alternative Work Arrangements Long-term Care Insurance Group Financial Planning Group Auto Insurance Group Home Owners Insurance
NA
1994
Copyright 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.
1997
2000
8-7
Fortune Magazines
100 Best Companies to Work For
It's not easy being good these days at least if you're an employer. Edward Jones Cisco Systems Microsoft Patagonia Starbucks Wal-Mart
Copyright 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc.
Theory Y
People are energetic. People are ambitious and seek responsibility. People can be selfless. People want to contribute to business growth and change. People are intelligent.
8 - 10
Organizational Examples
Challenging Job Job Title Friends at Work Pension Plan Salary
8 - 11
Motivation Factors
Achievement Recognition The Work Itself Responsibility Advancement & Growth
Dissatisfaction
Satisfaction
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Expectancy Theory
Individual Effort
Individual Performance
Organizational Rewards
EffortPerformance Issue
PerformanceReward Issue
8 - 13
Equity Theory
Positive Reinforcement
When rewards are tied directly to performance
Copyright 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. 8 - 16
Management by Objectives
Collaborative Goal-setting
Periodic Review
Evaluation
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Increasing job satisfaction by encouraging participation Team management represents a growing trend
8 - 18
Work share programs Flextime programs and alternative workplace strategies Telecommuting and virtual offices
Copyright 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. 8 - 20
2:00 3:00
P.M. P.M.
4:00
P.M.
5:00
P.M.
6:00
P.M.
Core Time
Flexible Time
Core Time
Flexible Time
Sue
Pat
Copyright 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. 8 - 21
Disadvantages
Challenging to coordinate and manage Poor fit for some workers
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Managerial Leadership
Challenge the process Inspire a shared vision Enable others to act Model the way Encourage the heart
Source: www.theleadershipchallenge.com
Copyright 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. 8 - 24
Managerial Styles
Leadership
Coach mentality Diversity Flexibility
Copyright 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. 8 - 27
Chapter Review
Describe psychological contracts Discuss the importance of job satisfaction and employee morale Summarize the most important theories of employee motivation Describe strategies to improve job satisfaction and employee motivation Discuss different managerial styles
Copyright 2003 Prentice Hall, Inc. 8 - 28