DC MOTORS

DC GENERATOR

FLEMING S RIGHT HAND RULE

DC MOTOR

FLEMING S LEFT HAND RULE

PRINCILPE OF DC MOTOR

PARTS OF DC MOTOR

FIELD MAGNETS


Creates uniform magnetic field which is the stationary element. Electromagnets are preferred because of greater magnetic effect and field strength.

YOKE or FRAME
   

Cylindrical yoke is used. Acts as frame of the machine. Carries magnetic flux. Made of cast iron for small machines. Made of fabricated steel (high permeability) for large machines.

POLE SHOE


Acts as support to the field coils. It spreads the flux over the armature more uniformly. Reduces the reluctance of magnetic path. Built of solid steel forging directly bolted to the yoke.

POLE CORE


It is circular section. It has coil of insulated wires carrying the field current.

ARMATURE


Consists of a number of conductors suitably placed and connected to form a closed winding. Rotating part of the DC machine. Built in cylindrical or drum shape. Purpose:- to rotate the conductor in uniform magnetic field. Provides a path of very low reluctance to magnetic flux.

COMMUTATOR
 

Cylindrical in shape. Built up of a number of small wedge shaped segments insulated from each other by mica. Function :- to convert dc wave in armature winding into ac wave at the output terminal. Is a form of rotation switch placed between armature and external circuit. It is so arranged that it will reverse the connections to external circuit at the instant of each reversal of current in the coils.

BRUSHES


 

To collect current from the cummutator and supply it to the external load circuit. Rectangular in shape. Made up of carbon and graphite.

BEARINGS


To support rotating part and allow smooth motion with minimum friction. Small machines use ball bearings. Large machines use ball and roller bearings.

MOTOR PARTS

SHAFT
 

Made up of mild steel. Purpose: Transfer mechanical power from or to machine. Rotating parts such as armature, commutator etc. are connected to the shaft.

ARMATURE WINDING


Insulated wires connected in armature slots. Purpose: Conversion of power takes place. Mechanical to electrical (generator) or electrical to mechanical (motor)

APPLICATIONS
     

OF

MOTORS

Fans Water pump motor Vaccum cleaner Cranes Elevator Robotics