WESTFILED SCIENCE INTEGRATED SCHOOL

Investigatory Project

Lanzones Insect Repellent

Virgilio C. Fidel Jr.

Grade 5

ABSTRACT

The coil is a successful product for it is an effective repellant for mosquito due to itscontent produces odor in which the mosquito does not like. Although it appears to be smokeyb ecause of its characteristic as dried lanzones peelings, the smell of it is pleasant and is not irritating when smelled. After the examinations, the experiment shows incredible results such that it gave us quality results even though it is cheap. Even the researchers cannot believe in the result

becauseitshowed good characteristics that are almost similar to an expensive commercially sold mosquitocoil.But still it shows some bad results. To come up in such a product, there are processes that the coil undergoes. The researchers first dry the peelings before it was pulverized and was decided to empart a paste in it as a molder rather than paper to decrease the production of smoke and to make it more presentable in our naked eye. The coil was tested in different angles to ensure the consistency of its result and was made with respect to the stated problem. During the day of making the coil, the researchers think of some ways or solution that will respond to the following problem and at the end of the result for experimentation, we come up with a coil that is effective in repelling mosquito. The researchers observed more details about the product and found out some reason why the result seemed to be imperfect and is not exact as they expected before the research was made. Yet, it justify our beliefs that good quality product does not require high price

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Introduction Now a days, people loves to eat fruits. It is good for the health. There are many fruitsthat are being eaten everyday and one of those fruits which is really delicious and nutritious islanzones. It is one of the most common fruits that is being eaten and sold everyday because of its good taste, but whenever people eat these fruits they just throw it up. And the bad thing about this is they contribute to some pollution such as, water pollution, air pollution and also benefits to the growth of mosquitoes. In fact, based on REDCROSS, 40 percent of diseases is caused by dengue n this first half of 2010. Because of this, peoples health is at risk by

having disease caused by mosquito bites such as malaria and dengue. There are other diseases also that people could get not just by means of mosquito bites like cancer, lung defects and digestive problem. This disease is caused by improper disposal of materials. These horrible facts should be prevented by any means such as decreasing the production of waste materials.

Statement of the problem Now a days, mosquito coil is important in securing our health specially our childrens health. Today, one of the major concern of parents is malaria and dengue which is caused by the bites of mosquito. But now, because of the advancement of science, this will allow us to become more productive by making new alternatives from waste materials, such as making alternative for mosquito coil.

The researchers would like to seek the answers to the following questions: 1. How long will mosquito coil made from the lanzones peelings can be use? 2. How effective can the coil from lanzones repel the mosquitos? 3.What will be the result of coil when used? Is it going to be smokey and smelly? 4. Could the lanzones coil be comparable to the commercially sold mosquito coil? Hypothesis The following are the possible solution to the problem: 1 .Lanzones coil will be smokey. 2. The duration of coil made from lanzones is shorter than the commercially sold coil. 3. Lanzones coil is not convenient to use at home. 4 .Lanzones coil is not effective in repelling mosquitos

Significance of the study Lanzones peelings are waste product of lanzones fruits. If these peelings will be converted into some product such as mosquito coil, these waste materials can be lessened and we will be able to prevent the contribution of this waste materials to the

global warming. Through this, we will be able to resolve some of the problems in our community, especially in our home like decreasing the trash caused by the lanzones. This will help us to guarantee the safetiness of peoples health. Specially those who live near canals and rivers or slam areas. Aside from this, we will also be able to provide a mosquito coil while being productive, Its because the lanzones peelings will be used to make coil. By this, we will be able to conserve money and produce a coil that requires only materials from our waste.

Scope and Delimitation The following statements are the scope and limits of the research:

1. The materials that the researchers will going to use is two kilos of lanzones. 2. The peelings of lanzones will be the only part of the fruit that will be used for the research 3. Lanzones coil will be tested inside the house of the researchers volunteers to know if it is comfortable and suitable for indoor use, especially at night

REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES AND LITERATURE

Mosquito coil content Based on ehow. com DEET is the active ingredient found in many insect repellents. It isAvailable inliquid, spray and lotion form. It can also be impregnated into plastics. While DEET has come under suspicion as being potentially hazardous, the Environmental Protection Agency considers DEET safe for short - term exposure. DEET has a distinctive odor that some findobjectionable and, on application, may leave skin feeling greasy. It can also stain and damag e certain fabrics. Picaridin has been used as an effective alternative to DEET. It is a colorless, nearlyodorless nontoxic liquid. Products generally contain between 5 to 20 percent Picaridin. Oil of Lemon Eucalyptus and p Mentane 3, 8 - diol are used as mosquito repellents. Oil of LemonEucalyptus is the extract of the plant, Eucalyptus cittriodora. P Mentane - 3, 8 diol is thesynthesized equivalent. Both are available in spray or lotion form Methyl nonyl ketone is an oilyliquid extracted from oil of rue. Originally used as repellent for pets, it is also available for

humanapplication. It also has a distinctive odor. IR3535 is another repellent that is applied to ski n toprotect against biting insects including mosquitoes. Used in Europe for over 20 years and in the United States since 1999, this repellent is considered safe and effective. Oil of Citronella is derived from Citronella grass. It has a distinctive citrusy odor. It works primarily by masking the carbon dioxide and other chemicals given off by humans that mosquitos target. The repellent is available in candles that are burned to release to oil in the air and in topical products. Geraniol, asubstance also found in citronella, as well as lemongrass and rose oil has been identified

asa potential mosquito repellent. In the 1990's, research from the University of Florida identified Geraniol as an effective replacement for DEET. Area Repellents and Repellents for Clothing Permethrin is both a mosquito repellent and insecticide. Permethrin - based products can be Applied to clothing, bed nets and camping equipment. It is a persistent repellent. Pretreated clothing, tents, sleeping bags and other gear impregnated with Permethrin continue to

repeffectively, even after repeated washings. Allethrin is used to treat outdoor areas to control mosquitoes. The product vaporizes when heated. Allethrin is found in mosquito coils, mats, candles and lanterns. It is also used as an ultra low volume spray for commercial mosquitocontrol. Metofluthrin is another outdoor area wide mosquito repellent formulated in pap er orplastic strip devices that are hung up within an area to treat it. This product vaporizes readily and does not require heating. Recently, this product has been used in small fan-operated personal repellent devices placed nearby for protection. Natural Repellents A wide variety of natural products are available that may provide relief from mosquitoes. These include essential oils from lemongrass, peppermint, geranium, castor, cinnamon, rosemary, cedar, juniper, soybean, coconut or palmarosa. These can be combined with denatured alcohol in various combinations to produce a repellent that can be applied to the skin. Process of making mosquito coil As stated on freepatentsonline.com, An improved mosquito coil composition comprising from 72 - 83% by weight based on dry ingredients of a carrier selected from sawdust having a particle size between 70 and 200 mesh, coconut shell flour, pyrethrum marc, and mixtures

thereof, from 16 - 26% by weight based on dry ingredients potato starch and 0.5-3% by weight based on dry ingredients of an insecticide. The process comprises dispersing the starch in water heated to a temperature of from 40-65 C., adding water having a temperature of between 80-

95 C. to the dispersed water - starch mixture, mixing the starch - water gel with the filler and insecticide, extruding the mixture into a ribbon, forming the mosquito coils from this ribbon, and drying the formed mosquito coils

Chemical constituents and properties of lanzones Based on stuartxchange. com, the rind yields 6% lansium acid which is toxic. The fresh peeling yielded a volatile oil, a resin, and some reducing acids. The resin

is believed to benontoxic and protective to the stomach against alcohol. The outer skin of the fruit is rich intannin. From the seeds, two toxic and bitter substances and traces of

an alkaloid. The fruit pulpcontains sucrose, saccharose, fructose and glucose. Bark is astringent.

Uses of lanzones Based on Mr. Tacio, as stated on his writings about lanzones seed and rind is rich in tanninand contain chemical substances that are medicinally and industrially useful. The fresh pee lingyielded a volatile oil, a resin, and some reducing acids. The resin is believed to be nontoxic and protective to the stomach against alcohol. The decoction of bark and leaves is used for dysentery. The powdered bark is used to treat scorpion stings. The bark resin can be used for swellings, and is considered as an anti-spasmodic. Tincture prepared from the dried rind used for diarrhea. It also makes a pleasant room inhalant. Lanzones has an economic potential. The USM guide points out, Lanzones has potential for primary and secondary processing and the introduction of new

varieties would render this fruit more in demand and popular in the domestic and latter in thefore ign market. Lanzones grows successfully in fertile, constantly wet but well - drained soil,s

lightly acidic, sandy loam or clay loam, and rich in organic matter. MBRLC states that lanzones cannot tolerate sandy soils near the sea and extremely alkaline soils.

METHODOLOGY

The analysis of the principles of methods, rules, and postulates employed by a discipline. This is also the systematic study of methods that are, can be, or have been applied within a discipline.

Table 1: Experiment Set-up Experiment Set-up Set-up A Set up B Lanzones 2tablespoons ( 20.19g) 2tablespoons ( 20.19g) Molder Paper 4ml paste

Research materials: The researchers used 2tablespoons (20.19g) of pulverized dried lanzones

peelings,mortar and pestle, 4ml of paste and a piece of paper to make a mosquito coil, out of lanz ones peelings. Research Procedure: In making a mosquito coil out of lanzones peelings, the researchers dried first the lanzones peelings under the sun for 1 day. After that, the peelings was pulverized using mortar and pestle. To mold that pulverized peelings the researchers come-up with two set-ups. In set-up A the researchers used a piece of paper, they just wrapped the pulverized lanzones peelings on it. On the other hand, and they used paste. They mix the pulverized peelings into the 4ml paste. The end

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Table 2: Experiment Result Properties to be Tested Effect Result Effective in repelling mosquitoes in a short period of time of usage. About 90% of effectiveness is recorded. It lessens the mosquito during its use. Time duration (in use) Smoke emission The coil last for about 2 hours. The coil emits amount of smoke a little bit larger than theCo mmercially sold mosquito coil. Odor (smoke) Coil length Lanzones coil smells incense. For experiment purposes, 4 inches of lanzones coil is used

As shown in the table, lanzones coil has its featured properties regarding with its competitiveness to other mosquito coil products sell in the market. These results are taken during an experiment and product trial in the house of the researchers volunteer.

Effects: For observable results, researchers conduct the trial in an isolated room, where mosquitoes are present. The researchers volunteer lights the coil and after 20 minutes of significantresult isobtained by the researchers volunteer, the absence of mosquitoes is observed i nside the room.This result together with the time ratio for its effect to start to be observed is a good outcome for the experiment.

Time Duration: Another factor is considered and put into test, it is the time duration or the length of the Time that the coil will last during its usage. In the trial, it is recorded that the coil endures for about 2 hours with respect to its length and the rate of its combustibility cause by the lanzones peel. A common mosquito coil sold in the market last about 6 to 8 hours in use. This is cause by different components of the coil, decreasing its combustion while making it effective. Comparing the 2 hours duration of the lanzones coil to other mosquito coil is still a considerable resultbecause the coil is composed of two table spoons of pulverized dried lanzones peelings in Glue mixture.

Odor: Lanzones coil has features a competitive property with other mosquito coils regarding withthe odor it emits. Lanzones coil when burns smell incense which scent when compare to oth ercoils is more pleasant. Some coils are now scented for the reason that classic mosquito coils are foul in odor for other people who use it. For that is why, lanzones coil has a great advantage it. It does not need to be scented or to use other chemicals to change its fragrance. And as a result, a lesser cost of production is recorded by the researchers.

Smoke Emission: Taken as factor in rating a mosquito coil is its smoke emitted during combustion. In theExperimental trial, two volunteers are using the coil. And as recorded during its usage the c oilemits a little bit larger amount of smoke compared to commercially sold mosquito coil. This is

caused by the paper used to wrap the coil in set up A. Therefore, smoke emitted by the coil cans be minimized by substituting materials other than paper

Coil Length: Researchers prepare 4 inches of mosquito coil. And it last for about 2 hours. In this result, this leads us to a ratio of 2 inches is to 1 hour. A typical mosquito coil in the market last for about 8 hours, so comparing the experimental ratio of 2:1 it requires 16 inches of

lanzonesmosquito coil to cover 8 hours maximum time duration of a commercially sold mosquit o coil.

Table 3: Materials Amount and Expenses

Materials Lanzones (fruit) Paste

Cost (Php) Php 20.00/kl Php 2.00

Quality 2 kl 2 Total Amount

Amount Php 40.00 Php 4.00 Php 44.00

These are the market price of the materials used in the experiment. With this, a considerable low rate of production cost can be achieved. These marks and advantage compare to other mosquito coil when it comes to its production cost. Furthermore, as stated in the methodology of the research waste lanzones peelings are used, therefore it helps in reducing waste product in our

environment so as to recycle. So it can be stated that this experiment is not only effective in repelling mosquitoes but also a way of taking care of our environment

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Introductory Statement The study reveals the following: 1. The researchers come up with the result of having a coil that has a rating of 90% (given by the users) in repelling mosquitoes due to the presence of tannin in the peelings of lanzones. 2. It emits aromatic smell which tend to repel mosquitoes. 3. The coil, when burned produce large amount of smoke than the commercially sold mosquito coil when compared, this is because of the result of drying process. 4. It produces large amount of smoke. 5. The coil is also consumed fast because of the presence of dried pulverized peelings.6.

The reseachers found out that because of the dryness of coil, it reacts faster to the fire, causing it to consume fast.

Recommendation The researchers recommend the following for further study: 1. Think of something that can be used as a coil other than Lanzones peelings. 2. When making coil, try some materials that emit less smoke. 3. Make a coil that is environmental friendly. 4. Make a coil that is safe to use. It should not cause bad effects to peoples health

BIBLIOGRAPHY

___________________.(August 24, 2009).Moquito Repellant Ingredients. Retrieved,August 17, 2010 fromhttp://www.ehow.com/about_5332900_mosquitorepellent c#ixzz0wtlDH3jj __________________.(June 2010). Phil. Medicinal Plant. Retrieved August 17, 2010from http : // wwwstuartxchange.org/Lansones .html,phil. D'orazio, Vincent T. (March 13, 1979). Mosquito coil Composition And ProcessOf Making The Same. Retrieved August 17, 2010 fromh ttp:// www.freepatentsonline.com/4144318.html Henrylito D. Tacio. (January 26, 2009). Promising fruit called Lanzones. Retrieved August

17, 2010 from http://blog.agriculture.ph/tag/promising-fruit-called-lanzones, _______________(May, 2010). Experimental research design. Retrieved September 1,2010 from http:// en. Wikipedia .org /wiki/ Experimental