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PEDIATRIC NURSING REVIEW GROWTH AND DEVELOMENT ERICKSONS FREUDS PSYCHOSOCI PSYCHOSEXUAL AL INFANCY TRUST VS ORAL 0-1 MISTRUST

TODDLER Autonomy vs Anal Favorite word Shame and Best started on toilet no /doubt training 1-3 Pre-school Initiative vs. Phallic/Genitals 3-6 Guilt Very curious esp. in sex School 6-12 Industry vs. inferiority Latency Quieting dawn pd. in sexual devt. Loss of interest in opposite sex Puberty AGE TASK RECOGNIZES THE MOTHR Accepts reality vs. pleasure principle Knows difference between the sexes Knows related to own sex IMPORTANT PERSONS MOTHER OR SUBSTITUTE Parents FEAR Separation anxiety Separation anxiety Body injury castration complex Displacem ent from school loss of privacy Displacem ent from friends

Basic family

School/commun ity playmates of same sex Peer group

Adolescent 12

Identity vs. role diffusion

Heterosexual relationship

PIAGETS THEORY OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT STAGES/SUBSTANCES Sensorimotor reflexes Pre-operational Preconceptual Intuitive APPROXIMATE AGE 0-2 years old 3-7 years old CHARACTERISTICS Reliance on reflexes to interact with environment Increase use of language unable to put self in anothers place, does not understand and relationship of size, weight, volume Magical thinking, Egocentrism:cannot take anothers point of view.centring:tendency to center attention to one feature and unable to see other qualities Inductive reasoning (specific to general) Conservation-ability to understand that a things essentially the same even though its shape and arrangement is altered. Reversibility ability to conceptualize that a complete process can also be performed in the reverse order. Capable of introspection, deductive reasoning (general or universal to specific) able to formulate and test hypothesis.

5-7 years old

Concrete operations

8-132 years old

Formal operations

13-16 years old

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