INFORMATION SOURCE 1

Readers Digest

Complete Do-it-yourself Manual

Home Repair and Home Improvement

Reprinted with Permission The Readers Digest Association, Inc.

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Pleasantville, New York

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section 1: Hand tools: How to choose and use them

10 12 14 16 18 20 21 22 23 Your basic tool kit Workbenches Hammers and hammering Saws and sawing Special-purpose saws Sharpening and setting saws Screwdrivers Pliers Wrenches 26 28 30 32 34 Files 36 39 40 42 Hand drills and braces Planes Special-purpose planes Chisels and gouges and filing Vises and clamps Tools for soldering Sharpening Sanding and sandpaper

section 2: Power tools for the home workshop

44 48 52 53 54 56 57 58 Electric drills Circular power saws Saber saw Special power saws The router Electric planes Power sanders The grinder 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 Belt sander Bench saw Radial arm saw Jigsaw and shaper Band saw Jointer Wood lathe Drill press

Contents

section 3: Fasteners, hardware, and adhesives

68 69 70 71 72 74 75 76 Nail types and uses Nail selection Nailing tips Concrete and masonry nails Screws Screwing applications Nuts and bolts Attaching to hollow surfaces 77 Attaching to solid surfaces 78 Hinges 80 Door hardware 81 Door and cabinet hardware 82 Screen and storm door hardware 84 Miscellaneous hardware 86 Adhesives

section 4: Making your own interior repairs

90 91 102 104 109 118 122 Interior maintenance Walls and ceilings Baseboards and moldings Stairs Floors Double-hung windows Weather-stripping windows 123 Wood sash windows 124 Casement windows 125 Horizontal sliding windows 126 Awning and jalousie windows 127 Frame installation 128 How to make aluminum storm windows

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130 131 134 135 136 139

Wood sash storm windows Screens Window shades Venetian blinds Drapery hardware Doors

142 Weather-stripping doors 150 Door locks 154 Ceramic tile 156 Basements 159 Household pests

233 234 237 238 240 241

Flexible plastic tubing Roughing-in Toilet installation Sink installation Tubs and showers Hot-water heaters

242 Cloths washers 243 Dishwashers 244 Sump pumps 245 Solving special problems 246 Home water treatment 248 Sewage disposal

section 5: Major and minor exterior repairs

164 165 166 167 168 169 172 173 174 178 179 180 Exterior maintenance Roof repairs Asphalt shingles Slate shingles Flat Roof Gutters and downspouts Installing new gutters Roof drainage devices Chimneys Flashing valley and dormers How to make a roof deck Repairing damaged clapboard 181 Repairing damaged siding shingles 182 Caulking 183 Repairing rotted window sills 184 Waterproofing basement walls 185 Repairing a gate 186 Repairing fence posts 188 Repairing a wood fence 189 Hinge-type garage doors 190 Overhead garage doors 192 Electric garage-door opener 194 Patching a blacktop driveway

section 8: Electricity: Solving power problems safely

Fuses and circuit breakers Understanding electricity Defining electrical needs Planning new circuits Improving electrical service Safer electrical service Electrical repair guide Cord and plug repairs Electrical boxes and accessories 261 Wires and wiring 262 Switches and outlets 263 Special switch and outlet hardware 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 264 Wiring new circuits 265 Installing electrical boxes 266 Floor and ceiling wiring 267 Ceiling fixtures 268 Wiring switches 270 Wiring code 271 Outdoor lighting 272 Outdoor wiring 273 Lamp repair 274 Fluorescent fixtures 276 Door chimes, bells, buzzers

section 6: Furniture: How to repair and restore it

196 197 198 199 Cleaning and care of fabrics Wood repair Laminated wood Structural and functional problems 203 Warped wood 204 Upholstering 205 206 207 208 Making cushions Cane seating Recaning a chair Kitchen and dining room chairs 209 Dining room furniture 210 Patio, lawn, and den chairs

and

section 9: Climate control: Heating and air conditioning

Heating and air conditioning 296 Electric heat systems Warm-air systems 297 Electric boilers Hot-water systems 298 Electric furnaces Piping arrangements 299 Heat pump Radiant systems 300 Insulation Steam systems 304 Air conditioning Chimneys 305 Room air conditioners Heat distribution 306 Installing room units Maintenance, various systems 308 Central air conditioning Oil burners 310 Electronic air cleaners Gas burners 311 Power humidifiers Maintenance, Oil burners 312 Dehumidification and controls 313 Ventilation 293 Maintenance, Gas burners 314 Controls for heating 278 279 280 281 282 284 285 286 288 290 291 292

section 7: Plumbing: How to keep it in working order

212 213 214 215 216 218 219 222 224 Plumbing emergencies Home plumbing systems Water supply and disposal Basic plumbing facts Clogged fixture drains Clogged main drainpipe Faucets Toilets Plumbing noises 225 Frozen or burst pipes 226 Plumbing repairs and installations 227 Pipe fittings 228 Cast-iron pipe 229 Brass and steel pipe 230 Rigid copper pipe 231 Flexible copper tubing 232 Rigid plastic pipe

and

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294 Stoker-fired burners 295 Fireplaces

cooling systems

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Your basic tool kit

The right tools for the job
Job to be done
Cutting round hole

Appropriate hand tools

hand drill brace keyhole saw ruler keyhole saw star drill hammer Molly bolts drill drill awl cold chisel hammer saw chisel hammer nail set pliers nails hammer saw knife plaster mix pipe clamp wrench screwdriver dowels chisel hammer glaziers point screwdriver chisel hammer hammer putty knife screwdriver file compass hand drill dowel masonry bolts screwdriver hammer screwdriver mortar whiskbroom pry bar paint and brush

Useful power tools

jig saw drill and holesaw fly cutter jig saw drill drill carbide-tipped drills drill drill

switch (after turning off current)

socket or switch

Cutting square opening Fastening to masonry Fastening to hollow wall Fastening to wood Securing loose brick Repairing rotted clapboard

circular or jig saw

Repairing popped nails in dry wall Patching hole in plaster wall

nail set plaster mix metal lath sandpaper primer screwdriver shims plane paint sandpaper glass chain knife string and weight wax tape

Stopping pipe leak Loosening binding door Replacing broken windowpane Replacing sash cord (with chain) Loosening stuck window Replacing socket or

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Job to be done
Replacing defective lamp plug

Appropriate hand tools

new plug cutting pliers knife solder new wire screwdriver soldering gum flux tape cutting pliers knife

Useful power tools

Removing floorboards

chisel hammer nail set saw hammer drill screw-type nails scraper sandpaper nail set chisel gauge hammer drill brace drill chisel dowel glue drill

tile cement chisel pry bar countersink hammer hammer pry bar awl plane screwdriver hammer screwdriver awl awl screwdriver circular saw

Replacing frayed lamp wire Correcting wobbly table or chair Tightening loose chair rung

Curing a squeaky floor Sanding floor

drill belt and disk sander vacuum cleaner drill router

lengthen leg with wood shim, glue and brad or cut down with fine saw glue long clamp vacuum cleaner wrench pail tile rag water rag sandpaper

Installing door

Removing cigarette burn on rug wire brush Unclogging stopped drain Securing loose or missing ceramic wall tile or fixture Pasting down loose wallpaper Anchoring loose floor tile toilet plunger lye solution awl plaster mix wallpaper paste scissors putty knife

Installing door lock

drill router hole saw drill

Fixing loose handle

- 10 toilets have just one. The first thing to do in an emergency at a fixture is to close its shutoff valve. Most shutoffs are located just underneath the fixtures they control; some are in the basement, fixture can always be stopped by closing this shutoff valve. Close all shutoff valves by turning their handles clockwise. You should become

Plumbing emergencies
General recommendations
A correctly designed and installed home plumbing system is practically trouble-free. Should problems occur, there are standard methods for dealing with them. And there are good reasons as wella neglected leak inside a wall, on the floor, or in the ceiling can cause serious damage.

What to do in an emergency

Most plumbing systems provide numerous shutoff valves for controlling water flow in the supply system. Sinks and lavatories have individual shutoffs for hot and cold water;

utility room, or crawl space below. Generally you can shut off the hotwater supply for the whole house at the hot-water heater. Whether or not a house has individual fixture controls for the water supply, you will always find a main shutoff near the water meter or at the wall where the main enters the house. Leaks or overflowing that cannot be stopped at a

familiar with shutoffs in your house especially the main shutoffso you can get to them without delay in case of trouble. Houses served by water mains have additional shutoffs located underground near the sidewalk or lawn. Sometimes a special wrench is needed to operate the valve, which is reached through a lined hole in the ground.

Pipe leaks: Joints that have corroded and pipes that have frozen (and burst) will leak. Tightening a threaded joint or soldering a soldered joint may cure it. Burst pipes can sometimes be mended with a clamp-on pipe patch. If not, they must be replaced. Emergency clamp can

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be made of piece of rubber and C-clamp.

Leak in wall: Most often caused by faulty riser pipe to a shower or to fixtures on the next floor. Best to get professional help. Plumber will tell you whether he can make the repair installing new pipewith or without cutting hole in the covering wall. Some communities insist upon access panels to pipes located behind walls. Sluggish or stopped sink drain: First try a rubber force cup. If this doesnt work, try a chemical drainopener, following directions on container. If this doesnt work either, put a pail under the trap and remove the plug. Use a wire to remove the debris, usually hair and grease. Replace plug and run water scalding hot to clean the drain and keep it clean. - 212

Overflowing toilet tank: A toilet tank overflowing into the bowl will be heard running long after flushing. Close the tank shutoff valve between tank and floor. See p. 222 for information on correcting this trouble. Take care when removing porcelain topit is easily damaged. Place on heavy towel or pile of newspaper. Overflowing dishwasher: The first thing to do: Turn off the valve controlling water supply to the dishwasher. Then check the screen around the drain. It may be clogged with grease or a rag. If water keeps flowing in before shutoff valve has been turned off, electrical controls may be at fault. Turn off current, or pull the plug if it is a portable model.

Scale-restricted supply pipes are a problem in old houses and hard-water areas. Turn water on full force, first making sure all valves are fully open. If the water comes out fast and then slows, there is a restriction in the pipe. The cure? Replace all affected pipes. Avoid galvanized pipes; they are prone to scaling. Use brass pipe or copper tubing instead.

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Dishwashers
Repairs and maintenance
The most common complaint with dishwashers is that they are not washing properly. Before calling a serviceman to remedy this, study the machines operating instructions to be sure you are following the pre-cleaning, loading, and detergent specifications recommended by the manufacturer. If you are doing everything properly, the next most probable cause for poor washing is too low a water temperature. Water flowing into a dishwasher should be between 140 and 160 degrees. Check the gauge on the hot-water tank or heater to see if it is set properly. Dishwashers occasionally require some simple maintenance such as cleaning out the drain strainer. If a residue of coarse food particles is left on dishes following a wash cycle, a clogged strainer is the most likely cause. Rinse it under a tap. Another common dishwasher complaint is about leaks around the door during the wash cycle. This is a minor problem usually found in older machines. The rubber seal, or gasket, around the door deteriorates with age and loses its sealing qualities. On most machines, this is a simple replacement task. Buy a new gasket through a dealer in the appropriate brand and install it by reversing the steps you took in removing the old one. If the machine will not start at all, check the fuse or circuit breaker before calling a serviceman. If a newly replaced fuse blows immediately, you can be sure that servicing is required. Faulty timer switches are often the cause of dishwasher breakdown. This switch controls the machines various wash cycles and automatically regulates the length of time for each cycle. The following symptoms indicate a faulty timer switch: Machine will not turn on (fuses or circuit breakers okay); machine runs through one or more cycles, then stops; machine continues to operate on one cycle and will not switch to the next one. Timer switch replacement is fairly simple. First check the machines make and model number. Obtain a replacement switch from a local dealer. The timer switch has numerous wires running to and from it. Reconnecting them will be easier if you draw a diagram showing the position of each before disconnecting them from the old switch. For problems that do not seem to be related to the timer switch or cannot be solved by the simpler repairs mentioned, it is best to call in a repairman.

Dishwasher Service Chart

TROUBLE
Machine fails to start

POSSIBLE CAUSE
Door partly open Defective switch or timer Check switch linkage Open circuit Wrong soap used Improper loading Not properly pre-cleaned Low water temperature Not enough water Strainer clogged Timer faulty Solenoid coil inoperative

REMEDY
Close door securely Replace Adjust, if necessary Check fuse or circuit breaker Use only recommended detergent Load dishes as per instructions Pre-clean dishes Adjust water-heater thermostat Unclog water inlets Remove strainer and clean Replace timer unit Replace solenoid coil (call serviceman) Replace or repair as required (call serviceman) Tighten flange on drain valve Adjust linkage, have solenoid repaired or replaced as required Realign core to assure perpendicular and centered action Realign motor (call serviceman Machine not on solid footing Check and adjust as necessary

Dishes do not come clean

To expose the timer switch on most models, first remove the cycle control knob, then remove all screws holding the front panel in place.

Measuring coil inoperative or out of adjustment

Water does not stay in tank Machine noisy

Leaking drain valve Inlet valve not opening Solenoid core not centered in coil Motor out of alignment Vibration Impeller scraping against impeller screen Door or cover seal binding inside of tank Low water pressure Drain solenoid Inoperative

Unplug the machine before touching the timer. Place the wires one by one from the old switch onto the new one to avoid wrong connections.

Door or cover will not close Insufficient Fill Slow draining Dishes do not dry

Loosen screws on seal retainer and reset to retain seal Check water pressure at faucets. Check inlet at machine Check and replace drain solenoid (call serviceman) Adjust water thermostat to 150F. Replace valve-seat washer Turn timer to heating cycle; check if heating element is working. If not, timer may be faulty. If timer okay, problem is with element Try reducing amount of detergent. A water softener or mineral filter may be required in areas having hard water

Incorrect water temperature Leaking inlet valve Inoperative heating element

Clogged strainers are easily remedied by removing the unit for cleaning. Most units are plastic or metal and can be cleaned with a tap rinse.

Tarnishing silverware

Chemicals in water

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ing and musty odors. They can leave your kitchen walls greasy and cause paint to peel. The solution is to vent the vapors to the outside or remove the moisture and grease by filtering the kitchen air. Venting can be done with a kitchen fan built into a wall near the range; filtering, by a ventilating hood directly above the range. Exhaust fans come in a variety of shapes and sizes. All models require cutting through the kitchen wall for installation. There are two types of ventilating hoods: ducted and unducted. Ducted hoods require venting to the outside. This type of vent is best installed as part of

Some planning dos and donts a ducted system. In addition, the filters, which are made of strong aluminum mesh and fiberglass, granulated charcoal, or activated carbon, must be cleaned or replaced every few weeks. It is also a good idea to clean a ducted system at least twice a year. In either the ducted or ductless ventilating systems the proper fan capacity, rated in cubic feet per minute (c.f.m.) of air delivery, should be a major consideration. Fan capacity must relate directly to the size of the room or area in which it is to function. Ventilating experts offer this guide for fan size in relation to square footage of floor space in a kitchen with an 8-foot ceiling: 60 sq. ft. 120 c.f.m.; 110 sq. ft. 225 c.f.m.; 160 sq. ft. 325 c.f.m.; 200 sq. ft. 400 c.f.m. Lighting Light in the kitchen should be of sufficient intensity that you can easily read the small print on food packages. It should be evenly distributed so that you can see into cabinet corners and so that you do not have to work in your own shadow. Light should help to make the room a cheerful, pleasant place to work. In some kitchens it may be possible to satisfy all these requirements by using carefully placed ceiling fixtures that do the job with virtually no additional local lighting fixtures. In most cases, however, ceiling fixtures will have to be supplemented by specific lighting of particular work centers. As a general rule, every 50 square feet of kitchen takes a combination of ceiling and local fixtures that will supply 150 to 175 watts of incandescent or 60 to 80- watts of fluorescent lighting. Plan on a 30-watt fluorescent fixture mounted 22 inches above the range; two 30- or 40-watt fluorescents above the sink; two 20-watt fluorescents set just under the cabinets over each 30-inch length of counter. A minimum of 150 watts incandescent is recommended for a dining area. The use of light colors for the walls and ceiling of the kitchen will further brighten the room and decrease the amount of artificial lighting required. It is most important to plan the wiring in the kitchen so that it is adequate to handle all the appliances and lights in use at any one time. Provide wiring that permits countertop appliances, such as coffee maker, toaster, and blender, to be plugged in to an electrical circuit that is separate from the major appliance circuits (p. 256). 1. Do include adjacent to your range a heat-resistant work counter on which hot baking dishes, saucepans, etc., can be placed for serving. A minimum width of 9 inches is recommended. 2. Dont install a built-in oven too high. Place it so that the oven door opens out to about the same level as the countertops36 inches from the floor. Or mount the oven to position the open door 2 inches below the elbow of the homemaker. 3. Do make your kitchen aisle wide enough to permit all appliance doors and cabinet doors and drawers to open fully without interfering with each other. Minimum recommended aisle is 42 inches; 48 inches is better. 4. Dont install your dishwasher next to the refrigerator if you can avoid it. Both refrigerator and dishwasher emit heat; thus they will work more efficiently and last longer if separated. If they must be placed side by side, insert a panel of insulation between them. 5. Do allow ample space between range and sink. This is the busiest area in the kitchen. Too little space between range and sink increases the risk of brushing against a hot pan or knocking it off the stove. 6. Dont place a dishwasher at right angles to the sink. In such a position the dishwasher door, when open, blocks access to the sink and makes movement awkward. 7. Do eliminate kitchen doors that open against the face of an appliance. Hang doors on the other side of the door jamb, hinge them to swing out rather than in, or use a sliding door. 8. Dont place oven and burners side by side if installing a countertop range with separate oven. Leave at least 9 inches of counter space between them to manipulate hot pots, pans, and dishes. This counter space should be covered with a heatresistant material. 9. Do plan corners so that these awkward spaces are put to good use. Cabinets with revolving shelves work well in corners. Major appliances do not; their doors interfere with other doors and drawers. 10. Dont overlook ventilation. Try to place the range where it will be convenient to vent cooking odors and moisture to the outside. Consider installation of a through-the-wall air conditioner to ensure maximum comfort.

a major kitchen remodeling wherein walls, ceilings, and cabinets are all being renewed. Ductless vents have a fan that draws cooking vapors through a charcoal filter that eliminates odors and grease, before releasing cleaned air back into the kitchen. When installing a ducted system, ducting should be planned so that it follows a direct route to the outdoors with a minimum of angles, or elbows. It is also important to avoid changes in the size of the duct pipe leading from fan to outside vent, since grease accumulates wherever the duct size changes. Ductless ventilators fit in a hood over the range and can be hung on a wall or suspended below a cabinet. They are generally used where it is impossible or too expensive to have a duct to an outside wall. While nonducted ventilation does an effective job of reducing grease, odors, and smoke, it cannot remove heat and moisture from the kitchen air like

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Index
window sash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118, 120 Cork . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .350, 358, 87, 341 Corner molding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .379 Cornering tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 inside corner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93, 97 Corrosives removal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58, 131 resistance to . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171 in water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .246-47 Costs estimating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486-89 of tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10, 30-31 Cotton, cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 Counterboring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Countersinks and countersinking . . .26-27, 44, 73-74, 423, 11, 66, 427 Couplings faucet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227, 221 pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .232-33, 237 slip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223, 227, 240 tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .436 Cove moldings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .379, 399 cutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55, 62, 65 tile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352 Cracking paint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .333, 335 Cracks basement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 chimney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462 concrete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479 fireplaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463 plaster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91, 111 stucco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .480 walls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .460 Crankshafts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .418 Crawl spaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .303 Creosole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186-87 Cross-connections, pipe . . . . . . . . . . . .215 Crowbars, see Wrecking bars Crown moldings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379, 399 Crystal, repairing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .439 Cups, furnace oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .292 Curing concrete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471 stucco . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .480 Curtains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136-38 Curves bending strap metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435 cutting . . . . .28, 30-32, 46, 52, 62-63, 65 drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .382-83 shaping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .375, 381 Cushions carpeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .365, 368 furniture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205, 210 Cutoff disks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 Cutters circle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 fly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44, 66 glass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123, 438-39 hole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46, 145, 422 metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422 pipe and tubing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229-31 plug . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 shaper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62 tile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .352, 354, 356-57 Cutting and sawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16-19, 28-33, 48-56, 60-65 angle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16-19, 28-31, 40-41, 48-52, 61, 380, 402 brick . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445-49 metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .422, 436 Doorway, installing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .148 Dormers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178, 182, 503-04 Double-hung windows . . . . . . 118-21, 127 Dovetails . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389-91 Dowel joints . . . . . . . . . . . . . .394-95, 397 Dowels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131, 200, 209, 388-89, 393-95, 397, 399 Downspouts and gutters maintenance and repair . . . . . . . 169-172 Draft chimney . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285, 463 diverter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .174, 241, 291 regulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241, 290 see also Weather-stripping Drainage, roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173 Drain cocks . . . . . . . . . 280, 282, 284, 289 Drains and drainage systems . 213-14, 218 clogged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212, 215-18 floor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .478 storm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173, 244 sump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .244 toilet tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .222 Draperies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136-38 Drapery hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136-38 Drawers building . . . . . . . .37-38, 389-92, 401-03 repairing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .199 see also Furniture Drawknives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 Drill presses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45, 66 Drills and drilling . . .26-27, 32, 41, 44-47, 77, 265, 423, 424-25, 427-28, 434, 436 electric . . . . . . . . . . . . 41, 44-47, 422-23 hand . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10-11, 26-27 rawl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 star . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22, 77 Drip caps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .146, 175, 182 Driveways . . . . . . . .194, 464, 474-75, 479 Drop cloths . . . . . . . . . . .324-25, 335, 337 Dry cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 Dryers cloths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .496-97 hair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225, 441 Drywalls . . . . . . . . . . .76, 87, 260, 264-65 see also Wallboard; walls, hollow Dry wells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173 Ductility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418 Ducts air conditioning . . . . . . . . . .209, 308-10 building around . . . . . . . . . . . . . .347-49 concrete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478, 481 heating . . . . . . . . . . . . 279, 285-86, 288, 298-99, 302, 326, 502-03 ventilation . . . . . . . . . . . . .492, 497, 503 Duralumin, metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .435 DWV (drain-waste-vent) system . . . . 213, 215, 218, 227, 230, 234, 236 Dyes, aniline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .416

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Earthenware, repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .441 Eaves . . . . . . . . . .173, 182, 303, 335, 337 lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271 Ebonizing (wood finish) . . . . . . . . . . . 414 Ebony (hardwood) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .414 Edges carpet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366, 368 cement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467, 471, 475 flooring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .432-33 molding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380, 399 tile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352 see also Sanders, disk Efflorescence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .461 Elbows (pipe fitting and tubing) . . . . . 225 227, 238-39, 244-45, 436 Electric boilers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297 Electric cloths washers . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 Electric dishwashers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243 Electric furnaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298 Electric heat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .296-99 Electric heat pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .299 Electric humidifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .311 Electric meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .253 Electric power hookup . . . . . . . . . . . . .253 Electric tools, see Drills; Saws, etc. Electrical boxes and accessories . . . . .260, 265-66 Electrical circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255-57 Electrical codes . . . . .255-56, 261, 270-71 Electrical cords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .256-59 Electrical door chimes, bells, and buzzers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .276 Electrical fixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . .268-69 Electrical outlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .268-69 hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .263 Electrical plugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .258-59 Electrical repairs . . . . . . . . . . .258-59, 273 Electrical switch hardware . . . . . . . . . .263 Electrical switches . . . . . . .262-63, 268-69 Electrical wires and wiring . . . . . . . . . 261 Electrical wiring/grounding . . . . . . . . .257 Electrical wiring, outdoor . . . . . . . .271-72 Electrical systems expansion . . . . . . . . . . . .255-56, 264-67 maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252-53 outdoor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255, 271-72 Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .251-76 as fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278, 296-99, 308 basic facts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .253-58 Electronic air cleaners . . . . . . . . . . . . .310 Emergencies electrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252-53 plumbing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 Emery cloth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .421, 430 Emery paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42, 421, 479 Enamel . . . . . . 316, 326, 330, 335-36, 442

D
Dadoes cutting . . . . . 30, 50, 55, 60-61, 386, 392 Dampers air conditioner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308 fireplace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278, 295 dampness, eliminating . . . . .156, 278, 332 Decks, roof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 Dehumidifiers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305, 312 Deionizers, water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .247 Den chairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .210 Dents in floor tiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 in metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434 in wallboard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Desks, wall-hung . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 526-27 Diaphragms faucet valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 toilet valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 Diazinon (insect poison) . . . . . . . . . . . 159 Dies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .418, 421, 425 Die stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .229, 425 Diffusers, light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349 Dining room furniture, repair . . . . .208-09 Dishwashers . . . . . . . . . .212, 243, 292-93 Disposal sewage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248-50 water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214 Distressing (wood finish) . . . . . . . . . . 415 Distribution boxes (sewage) . . . . . .248-50 Diverters, faucet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .220-21 Dividers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25, 419 Divider strip molding . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379 Dollhouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 568 Doorbells, chimes, and buzzers . . . . . .276 Doors fastening . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12, 76, 145-47 framing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .405 garage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .189-93 hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78-84, 150-53 maintenance and repair . . . . 139-49, 202 painting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331 sliding, track molding . . . . . . . . . . . .399 see also Screens; Storm doors Doorway, closing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

bricks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .446 catalyzed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326 screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131 Epoxy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70, 86-88, 156-58 adhesive . . . . . . . 86, 428, 434, 441, 460 filler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .461 paint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .416 patching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479 Escutcheons door lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .150-51 faucet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .220-21, 239-40 Estimating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 486-87 Etching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418 Evaporators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .309, 311 Exterior maintenance checklist . . . . . . 164 Exterior repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .163-94 Extractors, bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425 Eyes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 screw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73, 82, 348 see also Hooks

F
Fabrics 68, 86-87, 173, 195, 205, 208, 341 Fans, electric . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .254, 310 attic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .312-13, 503 furnace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290, 294 heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296, 298 exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .301, 303, 493 Fascia boards . . . . . . . . . . . .169, 172, 337 Fasteners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67-77 corrugated . . . . . . . . . . . 68, 130-31, 384 Faucets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219-21, 215, 224-26, 236, 240, 245, 247 outdoor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .213, 246 Fences, guiding . . . . . . . . . . . . .41, 48, 50, 52, 56, 60-63, 402, 414 Fences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .188 painting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .316, 318, 320 Fence posts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .186-87 Fiber glass . . . . . . . . . . . . 14, 42, 88, 170, 225, 279, 350, 434, 493, 499 Fields, disposal . . . . . . . . . . . .214, 248-50 Files and filing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10-12, 20, 31-32, 34-35, 41, 420-21 see also Planes; Surform tools; Rasps Filing cabinets, mobile, building . . 528-29 Fillers metal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434 white . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414 wood . . . . . . .15, 68, 384, 407, 409, 413 Filters air-cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .310, 493 air-conditioner . . . . . . . . . 305, 307, 309 furnace . . . . . .90, 278-79, 288, 292, 298 water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .243, 247 Financing improvements . . . . . . . . 488-89 Finishes, wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .407-16

Appendix

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Appendix

Information Source 1

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11