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( n *) x a x n x a x :
lim x = 0
lim x n = 0
x0
>
x 0
=0
=0
x = +
lim
x - x n
1
=0
x
lim
x + x n
lim
x +
lim
x +
n :
n :
lim x n = +
lim x n = +
x +
x +
lim x n = -
lim x n = +
x -
= +
= +
x -
= +
lim
x 0 xn
>
= -
lim
x 0 xn
<
lim
x 0 xn
>
lim
x 0 xn
<
+ : -
+ -
+ -
x a u ( x ) :
) lim u ( x
)u(x
x x0
l 0
lim
x x0
l
+
x 0 x 0 + -
6
u ( x ) f ( x ) V ( x )
lim u ( x ) = l
lim f ( x ) = l
x x0
x x0
lim V ( x ) = l
x x0
f ( x ) - l V ( x )
lim f ( x ) = l
lim V ( x ) = 0 x x 0
x x0
u(x) V(x)
u(x) f (x)
lim f x = -
lim V ( x ) = - x x 0 ( )
x x0
lim f x = +
lim u ( x ) = + x x 0 ( )
x x0
- + x 0 x 0
:
:
lim f ( x )
lim g ( x )
l'
lim f ( x ) + g ( x )
l + l'
x x0
x x0
x x0
:
lim f ( x )
lim g ( x )
l'
lim f ( x ) g ( x )
l l'
x x0
x x0
x x0
l<0
l>0
:
lim f ( x )
x x0
lim g ( x ) l' 0
x x0
lim
x x0
f (x)
g(x)
l
l'
l<0
0-
0+
l>0
0-
0+
-
0-
0+
+
0-
0+
+ - - + + - - +
- + x 0 x 0