BI 1: ( BAI 12.

6 tr 276): Vach lo hi bang thep day 20 mm, = 58

W/mK; nhiet o kh lo tf1 = 1000 oC ; ap suat hi p = 34 bar. HSTN cua kh lo
ti vach 1 = 116 W/m2K ; t vach lo en nc 2 = 2320 W/m2K.
Xac nh q , nhiet o be mat trong va ngoai vach lo.
Nhiet o nc soi: tf1 = 240 oC

Giai:

HSTN qua vach phang:

k = 106,4 W/m2K

k=

1
1

1
+ +
1 2

MDN q = k(tf1 tf2) = 80864 W/m2K.

Nhiet o be mat trong va ngoai vach lo:

t w1 = t f 1 q

1
1

303 oC ; 275 oC
NHAN XET:

- Gi tr HSTN k so vi He so toa nhiet

- Nhit o vach va chenh lech nhiet o vach

tw2 = t f 2 + q

 BI 2: Ong dan hi bang thep dtr/dng = 200 / 216 mm co 1 = 47 W/(mK)

c boc mot lp cach nhiet day 120 mm, co 2 = 0,8 W/(mK). Nhiet o hi la t1
= 360 oC ; he so TNL pha hi 1 = 120 W/(m2K) . Khong kh ben ngoai co t2 =
25 oC; 2 = 11 W/(m2K).
- Hay tnh ton that nhiet tren 1 m ong qL
- Xac nh nhiet o be mat trong va ngoai cua lp cach nhiet.
Giai:

kL =

He so truyen nhiet, tnh theo 1m chieu dai ong

1
kL =
=1,412 W / mK
0,708

d i +1
1
1
1
+
+
ln
di 2 d3
1d1
2i

Ton that nhiet, tnh cho 1m ong:

qL = kL(tf1 tf2) = x 1,412(360 25) = 1485,28

kW/m

Nhiet o be mat lp cach nhiet:

t w3 = t f 2 + qL

2d 3

= 119,3 C
o

tw2

d3
qL
= t w3 +
ln
= 340,20 C
22 d 2

 BI 3: (BAI 12.9 tr 277): ong dan gio nong cho lo cao, toc o gio 1 = 35 m/s;
tf1 = 800 oC. co 03 lp : gach chu la 1 = 250 mm , 1 = 1,17 W/m; thep 2 = 10
mm , 2 = 46,5 W/mK; cach nhiet ngoai 3 = 200 mm , 3 = 0,174 W/mK; ng
knh trong d1 = 1000 mm, khong kh xung quanh tf2 = 10 oC , 2 = 4 m/s.
Tnh ton that nhiet tren 1 m ng ong (bo qua bc xa).
Giai: TN qua vach tru 3 lp
Ton that nhiet tren 1 m ng ong:

ql = kl (t f 1 t f 2 )

n
d
1
1
1
1
+
ln i +1 +
Rl = =
kl 1d1 i =1 2i
d i 2 d n +1

Vi

d2 = d1 + 21
d3 = d2 + 22
d4 = d2 + 23

Can tnh HSTN pha trong va pha ngoai ong

 Tnh 1: Khong kh chuyen ong cng bc trong ong

KTXD la d1 = 1m;

NX la tf1 = 800 oC

Ref1 = 2,6*105 > 104

Nuf1 = 0,018 Ref10,8 = 382

-> chay roi

-> 1 = 27,4 W/m2K

Tnh 2: Khong kh chuyen ong ngang ong n

KTXD la d4 = 1,92m;

NX la tf2 = 10 oC

Ref2 = 5,45*105 > 104

Nuf2 = 0,245 Ref20,6 = 680
KET QUA:

-> chay roi

-> 2 = 8,85 W/m2K

kl = 0,94 W/m2K

ql = 2330 W/m

BI 4: Can gia nhiet dau G2 = 1000 kg/h t t2 = 20 oC en t2 = 180 oC

bang khoi nong co t1 = 280 oC. Biet t1 = 200 oC; k = 35 W/(m2K); cp1 =
1,1 kJ/(kgK); cp2 = 2,3 kJ/(kgK).
Tnh dien tch TN (F) khi bo tr dong chuyen ong ngc chieu.

GIAI: S dung PT TRUYEN NHIET

Q = kF t

Chenh lech nhiet o tai hai au thiet b:

t1 - t2 = 280 180 = 100 oC = tmin

t1 - t2 = 200 20 = 180 oC = tmax
o chenh nh/o trung bnh:

t =

t max t min 180 100

=
= 136o C
180
t
ln
ln max
100
t min

Nhiet lng cap cho dau: Q = G2 cp2 (t2 - t2 )

= 1000 . 2,3 (180 20)/3600 = 102,2 kW
Vay

F = Q k t

= 102,2 / (0,035 . 136,1) = 21,46 m2

BI 5: Thiet b un nc nong bang khoi thai t CT, loai lu ong

ngc chieu, co cac thong so sau:
Pha khoi nong: G1 = 0,8 kg/s; cp1 = 1,12 kJ/(kgK); t1 = 450 oC.
Pha nc:
G2 = 3,2 kg/s; cp2 = 4,18 kJ/(kgK); t2 = 50 oC
Dien tch truyen nhiet F = 15 m2; k = 85 W/(m2K).
a) Hay tnh Q; nhiet o ra cua khoi va nc.
b) Neu ong c van hanh non tai vi G1* = 0,5G1, cac ieu kien ban au
khac khong thay oi th nhiet lng trao oi va nhiet o nc ra se la bao
nhieu?
GIAI: a) Tnh Q va nhiet o cuoi cac chat, dung pp NTU
Chenh lech nhiet o tai hai au thiet b:
C1 = G1 cp1 = 0,8 . 1,12 = 0,896 kW/K = Cmin
C2 = G2 cp2 = 3,2 . 4,18 = 13,376 kW/K = Cmax
Nhiet lng truyen cc ai:

Qmax = Cmin (t1 - t2 )

= 0,896 (450 50) = 358,4 kW

C = Cmin Cmax = 0,896 / 13,376 = 0,067

NTU = kF/Cmin = 85 . 15 / 896 = 1,42

Hieu suat thiet b (tra o th):
= 0,72
Nhiet lng trao oi:
Q = Qmax = 0,72 . 358,4 = 258 kW
Nhiet o khoi thoat:
Nhiet o nc ra:

t1 = t1 Q/C1 = 450 258 / 0,896 = 162 oC

t2 = t2 + Q/C2 = 50 + 258 / 13,376 = 69,3 oC

b) Neu ong c van hanh non tai vi G1* = 0,5G1

Cmin giam 2 lan ->
C* giam 2 lan = 0,033
NTU tang 2 lan = 2,84
Qmax giam 2 lan
HS truyen nhiet luc o = 0,92
Do vay:

Q = 0,92. 358,4 / 2 = 164,8 kW

t2 = 50 + 164,8 / 13,376 = 62,3 oC

BI 6 : Thiet b un nc nong bang hi nc, kieu chum ong.

- Tong lu lng nc Gn = 10 kg/s; toc o nc trong ong 19/17 la w = 1
m/s; t2 = 30 oC va t2 =70 oC.
- Hi nc co p = 2 bar, x = 0,9. Nc ngng ra khoi bnh co tK = 90 oC.
Biet HS toa nhiet pha hi ngng tu 1 = 8000 W/(m2K); nhiet tr dan nhiet
cua vach ong

m2 K
= 0,00017 W
Tnh dien tch F cua thiet b va lu lng hi can cung cap. (Cho
phep bo qua anh hng phng hng dong nhiet va coi he so t =1
NHAN XET:
F = Q k t
S dung PT TRUYEN NHIET e tnh F
ONG MONG nen co the tnh HSTN k theo CT vach phang. (Nhiet tr dan
nhiet a cho la cua vach phang)
Can tnh 2 pha nc chay trong ong e xac nh HSTN k
Tm nhiet o hi vao e tnh ttb. Ap suat hi la a/s tuyet oi
Tnh Q: nhiet lng nc nhan c

Giai:
1. Tnh he so toa nhiet 2 pha nc chay trong ong
NX: t2 = 0,5(30 + 70) = 50 oC
TSVL cua nc

cp = 4,174 kJ/kgK ; = 64,8.10-2 W/mK

= 0,556.10-6 m2/s ; Prf = 3,54

TC Reynolds:

Re f =

wd tr

1 0,017
4
=
30600
>
10
0,556.10 6

-> chay roi

Ong thang: R = 1; Gia thiet L/d > 50: l = 1. PTTC:

Nuf = 0,021Ref0,8Prf0,43 = 0,021 x 306000,8 X 3,540,43= 137,5

64,8.10 2
2 = Nu f
= 137,5
= 5241
d tr
0,017
1
2. He so truyen nhiet
k=
1

1
+ +
1 2

W / m2 K

=2062 W/(m2K)

3. Thong so hi nc: p = 2 bar, co ts = 120,23 oC; i= 504,8 kJ/kg

r = 2202 kJ/kg.
Hi bao hoa am, x = 0,9: ih = i+ rx = 2486,6
kJ/kg
4. o chenh nhiet o TB: tmax = 60 oC ; tmin = 50,23 oC

t =

t max t min 60 50,23

=
= 55,5o C
t max
60
ln
ln
50,23
t min

5. Cong suat thiet b = Nhiet lng can e gia nhiet nc

Q = Gn cpn (t2 - t2 )
= 10 . 4,174 (70 30) = 1672 kW
6. Dien tch BMTN:
7. Lu lng hi can:

F = Q k t = 1672 / (2,062. 55,5) = 14,6 m2

G = Q/(ih ik) = 1672 / (2486,6 377) = 0,79 kg/s
= 2853 kg/h

BI 7: Trong mot TBTN, nc chay trong ong co dtr/dng = 28/32 mm vi

G2 = 1 kg/s, nhiet o nc vao: tf2 = 25 oC ; ra tf2 = 95 oC ; Hi: tf1 = 120 oC.
He so TNL pha hi 1 = 4000 W/m2K ; vach co v = 45 W/mK.
- Hay tnh HSTN ve pha nc 2. Xem (Prf/Prw)0.25 = 1.
- Xac nh HSTN k va mat o dong nhiet trung bnh tren 1 m ong qL.
- Chieu dai can thiet cua ong la bao nhieu?
Giai:

1. He so toa nhiet 2
Nhiet o TB cua nc trong ong: tf2 = 0,5(25 + 95) = 60 oC
TSVL cua nc
= 983,2 kg/m3

c;p = 4,179 kJ/kgK ; = 65,9.10-2 W/mK

= 0,478.10-6 m2/s ;
Van toc nc :

w=

Prf = 2,98

4G
4 1
=
= 1,65
2
2
d tr 983,2 0,028

m/s

wd tr 1,65 0,028
4
=
=
>
96652
10
TC Reynolds: Re f =

0,478.10 6

Do che o chay roi nen ta co PTTC:

Nuf = 0,021Ref0,8Prf0,43 = 0,021 x 966520,8 x 2,980,43 = 326,76

65,9.10 2
2 = Nu f
= 326,76
= 7690,5
W / m 2K
d tr
0,028
2. He so truyen nhiet va nhiet lng truyen
1
kL =
d ng
1
1
1
+
+
ln
1d ng 2 v d tr 2d tr
1
kL =
= 73,24
1
1
32
1
+
ln +
4000 0,032 2 45 28 7690,5 0,028
qL = kL(tf1 tf2) = x 73,24(120 60) = 13,798

kW/m

3. Chieu dai ong can thiet

Nhiet can cap cho nc:

Q = G 2cp 2 (t 'f' 2 t 'f 2 ) = 1 4,179(95 25) = 292,53

Chieu dai ong:
(Kiem tra L/d !)

L=

Q 292,53
=
= 21,2
q L 13,798

kW

W / mK