Previous Cesarean Section In this case, the patient had a previous caesarean section on her third baby.

Previous CS poses risks in the next pregnancy of the mother. Consequences of previous CS such as placenta previa, stillbirth, and uterine rupture could happen to our patient. Studies showed that the incidence of placenta previa in a previous vaginal birth (ranges from 0.2% to 0.5%) is lower than women who delivered with a CS. For uterine rupture, 39 studies evaluated in England showed that the incidence of uterine rupture ranges from 0/1000 to 28/1000 for women who underwent a planned vaginal birth and 0/1000 to 15/1000 for women who had elective repeat CS. This shows a higher incidence of uterine rupture in CS deliveries. On the other hand, studies on stillbirth showed that the risk of antepartum stillbirth among women who had no previous CS was 2 per 1000 compared to 4 per 1000 among women who had a previous CS. [1] Preterm Labor This refers to the presence of uterine contractions of sufficient frequency and intensity to effect progressive effacement and dilation of the cervix prior to term gestation (more than 20 weeks but less than 37 weeks). In this case, the patient is having preterm labor since her AOG is only 34 weeks. The danger in preterm labor has more effect on the baby rather than the mother. Immaturity of the lungs of the premature babies could lead to Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Bronchopulmonoary Dysplasia, and increases risk of acquiring respiratory infections such as pneumonia. Because of the immaturity, the immune system has not been developed completely thus infection could easily be acquired by the baby. Others such as jaundice, intraventricular hemorrhages, hypothermia, anemia, immature GI tract, Patent Ductus Arteriosus, Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) and sepsis could also happen to the baby. References: Cesarean Section. Clinical Guidelines. RCOG Press at the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 27 Sussex Place, Regents Park, London NW1. 2004