Professional Documents
Culture Documents
L3.2
L3.3
This can be very expensive as it may take many loading cycles before the response stabilizes. Difficult to determine when all material points have stabilized since they may not all stabilize simultaneously.
50-60 cycles
L3.4
L3.5
Direct cyclic procedure with time points directly specified by the user:
*DIRECT CYCLIC *TIME POINTS
The last two options can be combined to use automatic time incrementation between fixed time points.
L3.6
Dt0: initial time increment T: time of a single loading cycle Dtmin: minimum time increment allowed Dtmax: maximum time increment allowed controls the Fourier series representations n0: initial number of terms in the Fourier series nmax: maximum number of terms in the Fourier series Dn: increment in number of terms in the Fourier series imax: maximum number of iterations allowed in a step
L3.7
L3.8
or
*STEP *STATIC *END STEP *STEP *DIRECT CYCLIC *END STEP
L3.9
The maximum number of Fourier terms can be increased upon restart. Contact conditions in a direct cyclic step are fixed. Abaqus/Viewer supports visualization of field and history output generated from the direct cyclic procedure. The element output includes stress; strain; energies; and the values of state, field, and user-defined variables. The nodal output variable includes displacements, reaction forces, and current coordinates
L3.10
L3.11
L3.12
L3.13
15 4.3E5 6.3E5
direct cyclic
classical
The area enclosed is more important than the curves themselves; there is some arbitrariness in where the stabilized cycle is.
L3.14
can be the only step, can follow a general or linear perturbation step, or can be followed by a general or linear perturbation step; is ideally suited for very large problems in which many load cycles must be applied to obtain the stabilized response if transient analysis is performed; avoids the considerable numerical expense associated with a transient analysis; assumes geometrically linear behavior and fixed contact conditions; uses the elastic stiffness at the beginning of the analysis as the Jacobian, so that the equation system is inverted only once.