Rh mR KF RE 8368 tka 2010% 2 H1SH RFF FURR 7 7 UY —- ORR HBL LTOT AD ATI, BBE LTO IAI AIF I— Origin of Sound Recording Technology: ‘The Phonautograph as Both a Consequence and an Origin OIL 58 NAKAGAWA KatsushiSUMMARY Origin of Sound Recording Technology : ‘The Phonautograph as Both a Consequence and an Origin NAKAGAWA Katsushi_ ‘The motivation for writing this article was an NY Times article (March 27, 2008) in which it was stated that the recording made in 1860 by the phonautograph invented by Léon Scott was reconstructed as sound; that is, this recording was made before 1877, the year in which Edison invented the phonograph. The objective of this study was to gain some insight into the origin and nature of sound recording technology by elucidating circumstances around . before and afte the invention of the phonautograph, invention. The abovementioned NY Times article reported that a part of Au Clair de la Lune, a French folk song, was recon- structed. The phonautograph invented by Léon Scott in the 1850s recorded the 10-s speech part of the song on April 4, 1860. The phonautograph could record the visible waveform of the aerial vibration of sound but could not reconstruct it as sound. Therefore, it has been known as the pioneer of Edison's phonograph. However, it was not until 2008 that the recording by the phonautograph was indeed reconstructed as sound, because of recent developments in science and technology. As stated in the NY Times articles, “[IJisteners are now left to ponder the oddity of hearing a recording made before the idea of audio play- back was even imagined.” ‘The oddity would be caused by the fact that in the light of modern thinking, things of the past appeared different than what they had appeared originally. That is, the oddity was because “a recording made before the idea of audio playback was even imagined” appeared as sound, unlike when the recordings had been originally made. Clearly, times have changed. Indeed, what is the difference between circumstances around the invention of the phonauto- graph, ie, before and after its invention? This is the question we intend to answer in this article. The phonautograph has been considered as the pioneer of Edison's phonograph only because the former did not have the function to reconstruct a recording as sound. However, in this article, it will be shown that the phonautograph can be considered as a final conse- quence in the context of the visualization of sound.-2- PRIMER T 7 7 Y—- OR HE LTO 74797, BMLLTOT AI YS FRRRURT 7/7 0Y— ORM HBC LTO IAP RAFI, BME LTOT 47 bFFI— OIL oe NAKAGAWA Katsushi 1. (LE DI~18604F 1c aad S FEGRE 7AM OPAL CH CHM E L CHIE NOL 18774E1ZAGH CHS. TH ERRLTARE LTACT SRBC MA TOR. YO, DRCRYES ERR OM MER (747757) i, [AY-SADH) EMEBRAKOAMME SHS. = OWMESNEO, MAEMO TTSOLMCESOROPMMGL, MHL IAM ADS ohRRok. FHL VY FVEMTEAA) 2-H ON MAR LEASE BIBS 0 BROOD SRSNT 6 AHORA A TAVIS HH) SE, MHBUIL) HET et OS PU e Bho TU: BOI I HEM SEATS. XFL CHRD ARS ARS Cal) , ROA E LCHRS Ne (Y= Fy 11981: 12 ; Welch and Burt 1994: 16%). <3 LTAMOMIE, WRLAE OMS OMIT BEIT RID EV TEED SIRS NOE CH BHAT CHE DRY RS AASB SCE ok. Atlk, BED, b BVISE TOR BNA EB CLAMRS LIK GOROK, CHILE PRABNT 77 Y-(EOHSI VY 2 ChS. BRE DME LCRRL, & PELTHHT SEG, STLHMOBKNGEMAROMAIS, LRA SSETSH HZ. EXAM TS. 200843 27H ONew York Times*AZ¥t (Rosen 2008) (2 LAI, 18604 (FIRE AAA L LTBI S Nitto DEY S77 ID RAIRS TASH ASEH EL THEENON, BES NLOL, 186044H 9H (HIRE NAT Fv ARI (Aw Clair de la Lune ABVIC) O-WCHS. BLSNKOPMMLEOBAT 7 4 Vid, BHAI EH MERLE, MPMKDNTOSILADPSRROBKREM, THTIONEE<, = DILRT AA SAT ERAT BOE LAIR SNLEM CHS. COW LRH EMMRLEOI LY - Asay b (Edouard-Léon Scott de Martinville 1817-1879) £43 A MA ISOFERICR LET AP RFI TE VF RM TH S. THAR ITI, (AMER