rea, permetro y volumen de figuras del plano y del espacio

A = rea, P = Permetro, V = Volumen

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Figuras del plano

Cuadrado

A = a2

ngulo interno = 90 ngulo externo = 90

Nm. diagonales ND = 2

P = 4a

Rectngulo

A = bh P = 2b + 2h

Paralelogramo

A = bh P = 2b + 2a

Rombo

A=

d D 2

P = 4a
4a 2 = d 2 + D 2
Trapecio

A=

b+B h 2

P = a+b+ B+c

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Trapecio recto

A=

b+B h 2

P = a+b+ B+h
a 2 = ( B b) 2 + h 2

Tringulo equiltero

A=

ah 3 2 = a 2 4 3 a 2 bh absen A = 2 2

ngulo interno = 60 ngulo externo = 120

Nm. diagonales ND = 0

P = 3a
h=
Tringulo issceles

A=

P = 2a + b ,
4a 2 = 4h 2 + b 2
Tringulo escaleno

h = a sen A

A=

bh 2 s=

A = s( s a)(s b)(s c)

a+b+c 2

P = a+b+c
Tringulo rectngulo

h = c sen A = a sen C a = c sen A = c cos B b = c sen B = c cos A

A=

ba 2

P = a+b+c
c2 = a2 + b2
Pentgono regular

A=

5ab 5 2 5 = r 10 + 2 5 = r 2 sen 72 2 8 2

P = 5b 4r 2 = 4a 2 + b 2 r b= 10 2 5 = 2r sen 36 2 r a= 6 + 2 5 = r cos 36 4
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ngulo interno = 108 ngulo externo = 72

Nm. diagonales ND = 5

Hexgono regular

3 3 2 b = 3b 2 sen 60 2 P = 6b A=
a= 3 b = bcos 30 2

ngulo interno = 120 ngulo externo = 60

Nm. diagonales ND = 9

Octgono regular

A = 4ab = 8a 2 tan 22,5 = 8 2 8 a 2 =

P = 8b = 16atan 22,5 a = r cos 22,5 b = 2r sen 22,5

2b 2 2b 2 = tan 22,5 2 1

ngulo interno = 135 ngulo externo = 45

Nm. diagonales ND = 20

Polgono regular de n lados

nab 180 A= = na 2 tan 2 n P = nb = 2natan 180 a = r cos n 180 n 180 b = 2r sen n

ngulo interno : (n 2)180 = n ngulo externo : = 180 Nm. diagonales : n(n 3) ND = 2

Crculo

A = r2

P = 2 r

Sector circular

A = r2 L=r

360

180

P = 2r + L

en grados sexagesimales

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Segmento circular

sen A = r2 2 360

h = r 1 cos 2
P= L+c
Tringulo circular

c = 2r sen

L=r

180

r=

h c + 2 8h

en grados sexagesimales

A = r2

sen 2

c = 2r sen

P = 2r + c

en grados sexagesimales

Trapecio circular

A = R2 r 2

) 360
360 + 2( R r )

P = 2 ( R + r )

en grados sexagesimales
A = (R 2 r 2 )
P = 2 ( R + r )

Corona circular

Elipse

A = ab
P (a + b)

P = 4

/2

a 2sen 2t + b 2 cos2 t dt

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Figuras del espacio

Cubo (hexaedro)

A = 6 a2 V = a3

Prisma recto

A = 2ab + 2ac + 2bc V = abc

Esfera

A = 4 r 2

V=

4r 3 3

Cilindro

ATOTAL = 2 r (h + r )
ABASES = 2 r 2
V = r 2 h

ALATERAL = 2 rh

Cono

ATOTAL = r g + r 2 ABASE = r 2

ALATERAL = rg
g 2 = h2 + r 2

V=

r 2 h 3

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Pirmide

ATOTAL = ALAT + ABASE

ALAT = V= Permetro BASE hC 2

ABASE h 3

Segmento esfrico

ATOTAL = ASUP.CURVA + ABASE ABASE = c2 4

ASUP.CURVA = 2 r h = 2 c + 4h 2 4

V=

h 3c 2 h + h2 = h2 r 6 4 3

r=

h c2 + 2 8h

Toro

A = 2 Dd = 2 ( R 2 r 2 ) V= 2 2 Dd 2 = ( R + r )( R r ) 2 4 4

D = R+r,

d = Rr

Tetraedro

A = 3 a2
ACARA = V= 3 2 a 4 hC = 3 a 2 h= 6 a 3

2 3 a 12

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Octaedro

A = 2 3 a2
ACARA = V= 3 2 a 4

2 3 a 3

Dodecaedro

A = 3 25 + 10 5 a 2

ACARA =
V=
Icosaedro

25 + 10 5 2 a 4

15 + 7 5 3 a 4

A = 5 3 a2
ACARA = V= 3 2 a 4

5 3 + 5 a3 12

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