Single Point Of Failure

Red Hat Certified Architect Cluster

Single Point Of Failure

SPOFSingle Point Of Failure High Availability Cluster
SPOF
SPOF

1/14 <2008-11-25 >

Alex YM Lin

Single Point Of Failure

1 High-availability clusters
ClusterHigh Availability ClusterHigh performance Computing Cluster
Cluster
Cluster
z

High availability clusters

Load Balancing clusters

High performance computing clusters

Red Hat Certified Architect - Cluster High

availability cluster

High Availability Cluster

High-availability clusters (also known as HA Clusters or Failover Clusters) are

computer clusters that are implemented primarily for the purpose of improving the
availability of services which the cluster provides.

High Availability High Availability

/ /
1- 1-(1/365) = 99.726%

2/14 <2008-11-25 >

Alex YM Lin

Single Point Of Failure

1 200 20

take over

1/365 x 1/365
1-(1/365 x 1/365) = 99.999 %
20 5
200
High Availability Cluster

3/14 <2008-11-25 >

Alex YM Lin

Single Point Of Failure

2 Single Point Of Failure

High Availability failover"failover"
, ( takeover )
Redundancy RAIDDual Power

Redundancy ..
Redundancy fault tolerance

Redundancy SPOF
( Single Points Of Failure ) SPOF? SPOF

Single Points Of Failure

1SAN Switch Single Points Of Failure

SAN Switch Storage
SAN Switch 2

4/14 <2008-11-25 >

Alex YM Lin

Single Point Of Failure

1SAN Switch SPOF

5/14 <2008-11-25 >

Alex YM Lin

Single Point Of Failure

2SAN Switch Non SPOF

SPOF
Dual Power Ethernet Switch x 2SAN Switch x 2
Ethernet HBA 3
SPOF High Availability Cluster

6/14 <2008-11-25 >

Alex YM Lin

Single Point Of Failure

32 node High Availability Cluster network diagram

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-availability_cluster

3 server1 server2 HBA

HBA Switch
Active HBA
/HBA
HBA

7/14 <2008-11-25 >

Alex YM Lin

Single Point Of Failure

3 Ethernet Bonding
Linux Ethernet bonding
bonding
Linux bonding module
module bondig Driver
Bonding IP MAC bond0
AIX EtherchannelHigh Availability Cluster
Active-Backup
Ethernet bonding IP

eth1 eth3 bond0

1.vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
ONBOOT=yes
MASTER=bond0
SLAVE=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
HWADDR=00:1a:64:66:8e:a2
TYPE=Ethernet
2.vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth3
DEVICE=eth3
ONBOOT=yes
MASTER=bond0
SLAVE=yes
BOOTPROTO=none
HWADDR=00:10:18:2E:68:C7

8/14 <2008-11-25 >

Alex YM Lin

Single Point Of Failure

3. vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0
DEVICE=bond0
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=10.3.1.5
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
TYPE=Ethernet

4.vi /etc/modprobe.conf
alias bond0 bonding
options bond0 miimon=100 mode=1
mode=1 active-backup ode Slave
Active Slave Slave

5.service network restart ifconfig

4

9/14 <2008-11-25 >

Alex YM Lin

Single Point Of Failure

4Linux Ethernet bonding

10/14 <2008-11-25 >

Alex YM Lin

Single Point Of Failure

4 Fiber multipath
Firber multipath HBA Driver

EMC EMC PowerPath IBM DS4000

RDAC IBM ESS SDDSubsystem Device
Driver

IBM RDAC EMC PowerPath

Linux Kernel multipath

kernel readme.txt

multipath

IBM ESS, DS6000 SVC

Driver

http://www-1.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?rs=540&context=ST52G7&dc=D4
30&uid=ssg1S4000107&loc=en_US&cs=utf-8&lang=en
1SDD Package for ESS, DS6000, and SAN Volume Controller (SVC)
DESCRIPTION

DOCUMENTATION

DOWNLOAD

Platform Red Hat EL 2.1 SDD 1.6.0.1-11 for Red SDD 1.6.0.1-11 for Red
(x86)

Hat EL 2.1 (x86)

Hat EL 2.1 (x86)

SDD v1.6.0.1-11

Readme

English

English

Byte Size 1362439

RELEASE DATE
1/27/06

Byte Size 29165

Platform Red Hat EL 3.0 SDD 1.6.0.1-11.2 for

SDD 1.6.0.1-11.2 for

(ia64)

Red Hat EL 3.0 (ia64)

Red Hat EL 3.0 (ia64)

SDD v1.6.0.1-11.2

Readme

English

11/14 <2008-11-25 >

5/5/06

Alex YM Lin

Single Point Of Failure

Byte Size 1366514

(ESS, DS6000 and

English

DS8000 only).

Byte Size 29631

Platform SuSE SLES 8.0 SDD 1.6.0.1-11.2 for

SDD 1.6.0.1-11.2 for

(ia64)

SuSE SLES 8.0 (ia64)

SuSE SLES 8.0 (ia64)

SDD v1.6.0.1-11.2

Readme

English

(ESS, DS6000 and

English

Byte Size 1292348

DS8000 only).

Byte Size 29631

Platform Red Flag AS & SDD 1.6.1.0-4 for

SDD 1.6.1.0-4 for

DC 4.1/Asianux 1.0

Asianux

Asianux 1.0 (x86)

(x86)

1.0 (x86) Readme

English

SDD v1.6.1.0-4

English

Byte Size 309,790

(ESS, DS6000 and

Byte Size 20555

5/5/06

9/11/06

DS8000 only).
Platform Red Hat EL 3.0 SDD 1.6.3.0-4 for Red

SDD 1.6.3.0-4 for Red

(x86)

Hat EL 3.0 (x86)

Hat EL 3.0 (x86)

SDD v1.6.3.0-4

Readme

English

English

Byte Size 945908

10/08/07

Byte Size 21675

Platform Red Hat EL 3.0 SDD 1.6.3.0-2 for Red

SDD 1.6.3.0-2 for Red

(ppc)

Hat EL 3.0 (ppc)

Hat EL 3.0 (ppc)

SDD v1.6.3.0-2

Readme

English

English

Byte Size 622005

06/08/07

Byte Size 20853

Platform Red Hat EL 4.0 SDD 1.6.3.0-5 for Red

SDD 1.6.3.0-5 for Red

(x86)

Hat EL 4.0 (x86)

Hat EL 4.0 (x86)

SDD v1.6.3.0-5

Readme

English

English

Byte Size 13413050

10/08/07

Byte Size 24448

Platform Red Hat EL 4.0 SDD 1.6.3.0-5 for Red

SDD 1.6.3.0-5 for Red

(ppc)

Hat EL 4.0 (ppc)

Hat EL 4.0 (ppc)

SDD v1.6.3.0-5

Readme

English

English

Byte Size 8653959

12/14 <2008-11-25 >

12/04/07

Alex YM Lin

Single Point Of Failure

Byte Size 24448

Platform Red Hat EL 4.0 SDD 1.6.3.0-5 for Red

SDD 1.6.3.0-5 for Red

(x86_64)

Hat EL 4.0 (x86_64)

Hat EL 4.0 (x86_64)

SDD v1.6.3.0-5

Readme

English

English

Byte Size 6820657

10/08/07

Byte Size 24448

Platform SuSE SLES

SDD 1.6.3.0-2 for SuSE SDD 1.6.3.0-2 for SuSE

8.0/ UnitedLinux 1.0

SLES 8.0/ UnitedLinux

SLES 8.0/ UnitedLinux

(x86)

1.0 (x86) Readme

1.0 (x86)

SDD v1.6.3.0-2

English

English

Byte Size 20853

Byte Size 663027

Platform SuSE SLES 8.0 SDD 1.6.3.0-2 for SuSE SDD 1.6.3.0-2 for SuSE
(ppc)

SLES 8.0 (ppc) Readme SLES 8.0 (ppc)

SDD v1.6.3.0-2

English

English

Byte Size 20853

Byte Size 719550

Platform SuSE SLES 9.0 SDD 1.6.3.0-5 for SuSE SDD 1.6.3.0-5 for SuSE
(x86)

SLES 9.0 (x86) Readme SLES 9.0 (x86)

SDD v1.6.3.0-5

English

English

Byte Size 24448

Byte Size 488001

Platform SuSE SLES 9.0 SDD 1.6.3.0-5 for SuSE SDD 1.6.3.0-5 for SuSE
(ppc)

SLES 9.0 (ppc) Readme SLES 9.0 (ppc)

SDD v1.6.3.0-5

English

English

Byte Size 24448

Byte Size 393339

Platform SuSE SLES 9.0 SDD 1.6.3.0-5 for SuSE SDD 1.6.3.0-5 for SuSE
(x86_64)

SLES 9.0 (x86_64)

SLES 9.0 (x86_64)

SDD v1.6.3.0-5

Readme

English

English

Byte Size 369568

06/08/07

06/08/07

12/04/07

12/04/07

12/04/07

Byte Size 24448

13/14 <2008-11-25 >

Alex YM Lin

Single Point Of Failure

5
Linux High Availability HOWTO
http://www.linux.org.tw/CLDP/OLD/High-Availability-HOWTO/High-AvailabilityHOWTO.html#toc2
Linux-HA - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux-HA
Reliability engineering-From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reliable_system_design

RHCS
SPOFArchitect

Alex YM Lin IBM HPC Linux

NCHC IBM Cluster 1350
p595 HPC
RHCARed Hat RHCDSRed Hat Certified Datacenter Specialist
RHCXRed Hat RHCENCLPNovell Linux LPIC
IBM AIX

14/14 <2008-11-25 >

Alex YM Lin