Exam Study Sheet ____________Biology 3rd Exam

Terms:

Prion

Pili

Transformation/
Transduction/
Binary Fission

Frustules

Cotyledon

Mycorrhizae

Saprotrophs

Celomate/
pseudocelomate/
acelomate

Choanoflagellates

Polyp

Medussa
Terms (Continued)

Protonephredia

Viviparous

Concepts:

Why aren’t viruses considered cells? Because they lack nuclei, cytoplasm, and
organelles

What proteins make a capsid of a virus? Capsomeres

How do viruses enter cells? 1. receptor mediated endocytosis

2. mechanical damage
3. bacteriophages

What is viral material made of? Viral genetic material can be single-
Stranded DNA, double stranded DNA, or
Single Stranded RNA

Lysogenic vs. Lytic lifestyles of viruses Lysogenic – DNA is integrated into host’s
DNA, and virus hides
Lytic – Replication and Disease

Where is the DNA of prokaryotes? In the nucleoid region

What are the new and traditional methods

of classifying bacteria? Traditional – how it looks, habitat, etc…
(Spyrogyra, Bacillus, Cocxxi) Circular,
Spiral,
New – DNA Classification

How are gram positive and gram

negative bacteria different? Negative – Thin peptodoglydican layer
Positive – thick pepto layer
Concepts (continued)

What are the shapes of bacteria?

What are the oxygen requirements of bacteria?

What are the extreme habitats of bacteria? Acidophiles – Acidic

Halophile – Salty
Thermophile – Heat

How do green algae differ from plants? No true roots, stems, or leaves

What are the simplest plants? Bryophytes

What are the adaptations for plants to

colonize land?
• sporophyte that protects
gametophyte and zygote
• vascular tissue (xylem and
phloem)
• root systems
• lignin
• waterproof cuticle and stomata

What is a conifer? A gymnosperm

What is the division for horsetails? Sphenophyta

What are the three parts of a mushroom? Above ground – fruiting body

What are the most primitive animals? Porifera (Sponges)

What is the taxonomic classification of
ginkos, starfish, snails, insects, leeches,
cycads, jellyfish Ginko –
Starfish –
Snails –
Insects-
Leeches –
Cycads –
Jellyfish -

Labeling

Be able to fill in Table 23.1 (page 438)

Be able to label types of symmetry (page 463)

EXTRA CREDIT –

Fill in the phylogenetic table for animalia PAGE 482