Chapter 2 Part 1 Measures of central tendency practice problems

1. Find the mean, median and mode for the following data: 25, 37, 31, 32, 32, 29, 30, 32, 29, 34 (Ans: Mean: 31.1 units, Median: 31.5 units, Mode: 32 units) 2. Find the mean, median and mode for the following data: No. of vehicles No. of families 0 3 1 13 2 18 3 10 4 5 5 1

(Ans: Mean: 2.04 vehicles per family, Median: 2 vehicles per family, Mode: 2 vehicles per family) 3. Given below is the data about the fruit boxes received by a fruit vendor. Find arithmetic mean. Weight in Kg. No. of boxes 10 4 11 6 12 6 14 5 15 2 (Ans: 12.08 Kg.) 4. The average monthly wage of all the workers in a factory is Rs. 444/-. If the average wages paid to male and female workers are Rs. 480/- and Rs. 360/- respectively, find the percentage of male and female workers employed in the factory. (Ans: Male: 70%, Female: 30%) 5. Income of the employees in an industrial firm is given below. Total income of 10 employees in the class over Rs. 250 is Rs. 3000. Compute the mean income. Each employee belonging to top 25% of the earners is required to pay 5% of his income to workers relief fund. Estimate the contribution to this fund. Income (Rs.) Frequency Below 50 90 50-100 150 100-150 100 150-200 80 200-250 70 250 and over 10

(Ans: Mean: Rs. 117.5, Contribution: Rs. 1331.25) 6. From the result of two colleges, A and B below, state which of them is better and why? Name of exam M.A. M.Com. B.A. B.Com. Total College A Appeared Passed 300 250 500 450 2000 1500 1200 750 4000 2950 College B Appeared Passed 1000 800 1200 950 1000 700 800 500 4000 2950

(Ans: By simple arithmetic mean, college A is better. By weighted arithmetic mean, both the colleges are equally good)

7. In a batch of 15 students, 5 failed in a test. The marks of the remaining 10 students who have passed are 9, 7, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8, 9, 7, 6. What is the median of all the 15 students? (Ans: 6 marks) 8. Shriram Autocomponents Ltd. has collected the data about the output produced on a machine per hour as follows: 12, 19, 21, 30, 13, 19, 22, 31, 17, 20, 24, 31, 18, 21, 27, 31. Compute the arithmetic mean, median and mode for the above data. (Ans: Mean: 22.25 units, Median: 21 units, Mode: 31 units) 9. Calculate the arithmetic mean and median for the following data: Marks No. of students 0-10 5 10-30 12 30-60 25 60-100 8

(Ans: Mean: 40.6 marks, Median: 39.6 marks) 10. A factory pays workers on piece rate basis and also a bonus to each worker on the basis of individual output in each quarter. The rate of bonus payable is as follows: Output in units Bonus in Rs. 70-74 40 75-79 45 80-84 50 85-89 60 90-94 70 95-99 80 100-104 100

The individual output of a batch of 50 workers is given below: 94, 83, 78, 76, 88, 86, 93, 80, 91, 82, 89, 97, 92, 84, 92, 80, 85, 83, 98, 103, 87, 88, 88, 81, 95, 86, 99, 81, 87, 90, 84, 97, 80, 75, 93, 101, 82, 82, 89, 72, 85, 83, 75, 72, 83, 98, 77, 87, 71, 80. By suitable classification, find: a. Average bonus per worker for the quarter b. Total quarterly bonus paid c. Average output per worker d. Median value of the bonus (Ans: a: Rs. 59.7, b: Rs. 2985, c: 86.1 units, d: Rs. 60) 11. Following table shows the age distribution of people in a particular region. Find the median. Age (Years) No. of people (in thousands) Below 10 2 Below 20 5 Below 30 9 Below 40 12 Below 50 14 Below 60 15 Below 70 15.5 70 and over 15.6

(Ans: 27 years) 12. Find the missing frequency if the arithmetic mean is 28 for the data given below. Also find its median. Profits per shop No. of shops 0-10 12 10-20 18 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 27 ? 17 6 (Ans: Missing frequency: 20, Median: 27.41 profits)

13. The arithmetic mean, the mode and the median of a group of 75 observations were calculated to be 27, 34 and 29 respectively. It was later discovered that one observation was wrongly read as 43 instead of correct value 53. Examine the correct value of three averages. (Ans: Mean: 27.13, Median: 34, Mode: 29) 14. In the frequency distribution of 200 students given below: c Frequency 10-20 10 20-30 28 30-40 ? 40-50 60 50-60 ? 60-70 20 70-80 16

Find the missing frequencies, if the median value of the data is 45. Also, find the arithmetic mean of the entire data. If 10% of the students below the A.M. are considered above the pass marks, find the pass marks. If top 10% of the students are awarded the distinction grade, find the minimum marks required to score a distinction. (Ans: Missing frequencies: 32 and 34, Mean: 45.2 marks, Pass marks: 42, Distinction marks: 68) 15. For the following data about the marks obtained in an entrance exam by all the students admitted in 50 colleges in a state, find the mean, median and mode. Marks obtained No. of colleges Average no. of students in a college More than 35 7 200 30-35 10 250 25-30 15 300 20-25 9 200 15-20 5 150 Less than 15 4 100

(Ans: Mean: 27.85 marks, Median: 28.03 marks, Mode: 27.87 marks) 16. Find the median and mode for the following data: Weight in Kg. No. of persons 11-20 42 21-30 38 31-40 120 41-50 84 51-60 48 61-70 36 71-80 31

Also find these values graphically. (Ans: Median: 40.46 Kg, Mode: 37.45 Kg) 17. Calculate the mean, median and mode for the following data: Class 0-2 2-4 4-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 Frequency 8 12 20 10 16 25 Class 25-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-80 80-100 Frequency 45 60 20 13 15 4

(Ans: Mean: 30.1 units, Median: 28.29 units, Mode: 28.15 units)

18. The median and mode for the following data are 33.5 and 34 respectively. Find the missing frequencies. Value Frequency 0-10 4 10-20 16 20-30 ? 30-40 ? 40-50 ? 50-60 6 60-70 4 Total 230

(Ans: Missing frequencies: 60, 100 and 40) 19. Given below is the distribution of 140 candidates obtaining marks x or higher in a certain examination. Find the mean, median and mode of the distribution. Marks No. of students 10 140 20 133 30 118 40 100 50 75 60 45 70 25 80 9 90 2 100 0

(Ans: Mean: 51.21 marks, Median: 51.66 marks, Mode: 53.33 marks) 20. Calculate mean, median and mode for the following distribution: Class 0-8 8-16 16-24 24-32 % Relative frequency 0.60 5.00 10.80 15.80 Class 32-40 40-48 48-56 56-64 % Relative frequency 23.80 21.40 17.20 5.40

(Ans: Mean: 37.37 units, Median: 37.98 units, Mode: 38.15 units) 21. Calculate the arithmetic mean and median of the distribution given below: Class Limits Frequency 130-134 5 135-139 15 140-144 28 145-149 24 150-154 17 155-159 10 160-164 1

(Ans: Mean: 145.45 units, Median: 144.91 units) 22. The regional transport authority is concerned about the speed of motorbikes, college students are driving on a section of the road. Following are the speeds of 45 drivers in km/hr: 15, 31, 44, 56, 38, 32, 48, 42, 58, 29, 45, 49, 38, 48, 62, 46, 68, 56, 48, 52, 62, 47, 64, 49, 61, 42, 47, 52, 69, 55, 58, 52, 29, 69, 55, 39, 18, 39, 61, 58, 48, 37, 55, 18, 49. a. Classify the data considering classes 15-24, 25-34, 35-44 etc. b. Draw histogram and Ogive curves for the data. Read the modal value from the graph. c. State report says that not more than 10% of the students exceed 55 km/hr. State whether collected data support the given report or not. (Ans: Mode: 52, collected data does not support the findings as 33.33% exceed the speed limit) 23. The management of a hotel has employed 2 managers, 5 cooks and 8 waiters. The monthly salaries of the manager, the cook and the waiter are Rs. 3000, Rs. 1200 and Rs. 1000 respectively. Find the mean salary of the employees. (Ans: Rs. 1333.33)

24. Prepare frequency distribution table. Present the information graphically to determine median and mode of the distribution. 26, 35, 61, 29, 36, 48, 57, 67, 69, 50, 48, 40, 42, 47, 41, 37, 62, 51, 47, 64, 63, 33, 31, 32, 35, 40, 38, 37, 60, 51, 54, 56, 37, 46, 42, 38, 61, 59, 58, 44, 39, 57, 18, 44, 45, 45, 47, 38, 44, 47. (Ans: Median: 45 units, Mode: 43 units) 25. From the following data of income distribution, calculate the arithmetic mean. It is given that: a. The total income of persons in the highest group is Rs. 435. b. None is earning less than Rs. 20 (Ans: Mean: Rs. 48) Income (Rs.) No. of persons Below 30 16 Below 40 36 Below 50 61 Below 60 76 Below 70 87 Below 80 95 80 and over 5

26. A student was examined in four subjects. Examination was conducted as an oral and written test. Oral test was of 25 marks and written test was of 75 marks. Given the following information, calculate weighted average of marks obtained in the written test considering percentage of marks in oral test as weights. Subject Marks in written test Marks in oral test W 40 10 X 50 15 Y 35 18 Z 60 20

(Ans: Weighted Mean: 47.3 Marks) 27. A student appeared in three tests of value 20, 50 and 30 marks. He obtained 75% in the first and 60% in the second test. What should be his percentage in the third test if his aggregate is 60%? (Ans: 50%) 28. Age distribution of 180 persons is as below: Age (in years) No. of persons Below 40 25 40-50 35 50-60 52 60-70 40 70 and above 28

Find an appropriate measure of central tendency. 29. Calculate median for the following data: Sales (Rs. 000) No. of salesmen 0-10 5 10-30 15 30-60 30

(Ans: Median: 55.77 years)

60-80 8

80-90 2 (Ans: Median: Rs. 40,000)

30. Given below is the frequency distribution of the weights of 60 students in a class in school. Weight in Kg No. of students 30-34 3 35-39 5 40-44 12 45-49 18 50-54 14 55-59 6 60-64 2

a. Draw histogram and find the modal value. b. Draw the less than and more than Ogive curve and find the median value. c. Use these values to find the arithmetic mean by using the empirical formula. (Ans: Mode: 48 Kg, Median: 47.8 Kg, Arithmetic Mean: 47.7 Kg) 31. Find the mean, median and mode in the following series: Size (above) Frequency 0 38 5 37 10 35 15 25 20 21 25 11 30 2

(Ans: Mean: 19.14 units, Median: 21 units, Mode: 24.3 units) 32. A.M. and Median of 50 items are 100 and 95 respectively. At the time of calculation, 2 items 180 and 90 were wrongly taken as 100 and 10. What are the correct values of mean and median? (Ans: Mean: 103.2 units, Median: 95 units) 33. A cyclist paddles from his house to his college at a speed of 10 km/hr and back from the college to his house at 15 km/hr. Find the average speed. (Ans: 12.5 km/hr) 34. For the distribution of daily wages of workers in a certain factory, the median and the mode are Rs. 12 and Rs. 13 respectively. Find the missing frequencies. Daily wages No. of workers 0-5 7 5-10 ? 10-15 15 15-20 ? 20-25 3

(Ans: Missing frequencies are 12 and 13) 35. A machine depreciates by 40% in the first year, 25% in the second year and by 10% per annum for the next three years, each percentage being calculated on the diminishing value. What is the average percentage of depreciation for the entire period? (Ans: 13.44%) 36. Consider the following frequency distribution for late arrival of the Pragati Express during the months of July and August. Late (in minutes) No. of days 0-9 25 10-19 15 20-29 8 30-39 4 40-49 3 50-59 7

a. Find the proportion of times the train is late by more than 20 minutes. b. Find the proportion of times the train is late by at most 30 minutes. c. Average late arrival time of the train. (Ans: a: 11/31, b: 24/31, c: 19.02 min) 37. A contractor employs three categories of workers men, women and children and pays daily wages of Rs. 10, Rs. 8 and Rs. 6 respectively. He employs 30 men, 15 women and 5 children. Since the average wage of the three categories is Rs. 8, the total wages will be Rs. 400 daily. Is this value correct? Comment. (Ans: We must consider weighted average here. Hence total wages paid should be Rs. 450)

38. The distribution of sizes of an article is given below: Length (cm) No. of articles 0-20 12 20-40 28 40-60 35 60-80 30 80-100 15 (Ans: 28.33%)

Find the percentage of articles with size between 45 and 65 cm.

39. The quantity of a shampoo in the bottles should be 500 ml. However, following variations were observed. Quantity (ml) 485-489 No. of bottles 2 490-494 7 495-499 16 500-504 23 505-509 20 510-514 9 515-519 3

a. What is the modal value? b. Find the percentage of bottles having the quantity less than the modal value. (Ans: a: 503 ml, b: 51.38%) 40. The following numbers give the weights (in Kg.) of 55 students in the class. Prepare a suitable frequency table. 63, 42, 74, 40, 60, 82, 56, 77, 78, 65, 67, 50, 80, 81, 66, 49, 77, 90, 78, 86, 51, 96, 93, 52, 95, 98, 84, 94, 41, 68, 76, 61, 69, 42, 75, 94, 64, 83, 80, 69, 95, 79, 70, 53, 79, 71, 80, 54, 72, 76, 73, 50, 84, 59, 79. a. Draw a histogram and find modal value from it. b. Draw a less than ogive curve and find the median value. (Ans: a: 74 Kg, b: 72 Kg) 41. Draw a histogram, frequency polygon, frequency curve and ogive curves for the following distribution. Also read median and mode from these graphs. Class limits Frequency 0-10 4 10-20 16 20-30 15 30-40 20 40-50 7 50-60 5

(Ans: Median: 29 units, Mode: 33 units) 42. A contractor employs three categories of workers skilled, semi skilled and unskilled. He pays daily wages of Rs. 100, Rs. 60 and Rs. 40 to them respectively. He employs 30 skilled, 15 semi skilled and 5 unskilled workers. Calculate the average daily wage per worker. (Ans: Rs. 82) 43. Find the arithmetic mean for the following data: Classes Frequency 1-10 8 11-20 15 21-30 25 31-40 10 41-50 7 (Ans: 24.42 units)

44. Before constructing a dam on a river, the central water research institute performed a series of tests to measure the water flow past the proposed location of the dam during the period of 246 days when there was sufficient flow of water. The results of testing were used to construct the following frequency distribution. River flow (Thousand cubic meters per min) No. of days

10011050 7

10511100 21

11011150 32

11511200 49

12011250 58

12511300 41

13011350 27

13511400 11

a. Draw ogive curves for the above data. b. Calculate mode for above data. c. From the ogive curves, estimate the proportion of days for which flow occurs at less than 1300 thousand cubic meters per minute. (Ans: b: 1217.8 cmpm, c: 0.8415) 45. The time required in minutes for each of the 50 students to read 20 pages of a book is recorded below: 43, 52, 47, 49, 36, 48, 41, 47, 50, 32, 45, 48, 40, 43, 48, 36, 51, 44, 49, 53, 37, 34, 42, 45, 47, 47, 44, 50, 31, 48, 43, 45, 44, 36, 49, 51, 43, 53, 46, 39, 50, 42, 42, 47, 38, 51, 46, 40, 38, 45. a. Classify the data by considering classes 30-34, 35-39 etc. b. Draw histogram and ogive curves for the data. Also read the value of median and mode from the graph. (Ans: Median: 45 min, Mode: 47 min) 46. Following table gives frequency distribution of weekly wages of 100 workers in a factory. Find the median by calculation and also graphically. (Ans: Rs. 354.677) Weekly wages (Rs.) No. of workers 200-240 9 250-290 12 300-340 23 350-390 31 400-440 10 450-490 8 500-540 7

47. Find the modal age of workers using graphical method and by calculation. Age (more than)(in years) No. of workers 15 115 25 111 35 96 45 70 55 40

(Ans: 48.33 years) 65 18 75 3

48. 30 households in downtown New York were surveyed regarding the monthly mortgage payments made them. Figures are recorded in 00 as follows: 750, 529, 760, 640, 685, 775, 560, 678, 1130, 650, 1120, 940, 1170, 620, 989, 880, 765, 930, 720, 900, 865, 850, 900, 980, 832, 850, 1056, 920, 1050 and 1075. Prepare frequency distribution table and find mean, median and mode for this distribution. (Ans: Mean: Rs. 85333.3, Median: Rs. 86000, Mode: Rs. 93333.3)