Chapter 6 Chemical Bonds

6.1 Ionic Bonding

When the highest occupied energy level of an atom is ________________ with electrons, the atom is
_____________________________________________________.
Electron dot diagram ______________________ represents the_____________________ and each
_____________ represents a ______________________ electron (also called Lewis Dot Diagram or
Lewis Dot Structure)
Draw Electron Dot diagrams below for: oxygen, chlorine, fluorine, lithium, hydrogen, neon, and carbon

Ionic Bonds
Elements achieve stable e- config. through ________________________________________
Form between a _______________ and a ______________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
Ions (atoms with charges) are formed
_______________ becomes ________________, ________________ becomes a
_____________________
Opposite charges __________________ each other
Draw sodium chloride below:

____________________________ the force that holds atoms or ions together

Cation _____________________________
Anion __________________________________
________________________________ the force that holds ions together
Ionization energy ______________________________________________________________
Draw a periodic table with the trend for IE on it.

____________________________________ shows which elements are in a compound and the ratio.

Ex. NaCl, MgCl2
_______________________________ ions are arranged in an orderly, 3-D structure
Crystals solids whose particles are arranged in a _____________________________

Properties of ionic compounds:

_____________________ melting points

____________________________ in solid form
Good conductors ______________________________
_________________________ (shatter when struck by a hammer)
Show samples of ionic compounds
Do electron dot and valence electron handouts
Data Analysis p. 60
Section assessment questions 1-8 p. 164

6.2 Covalent Bonds

Form when two or more atoms _______________________________
Form between _______________________________________________
Can be _______________________________________________________
_________________________ e- are NOT shared equally
_______________________________ e- ARE shared equally
Form molecules (neutral group of atoms that are joined by covalent bonds)
Atoms may share ____________________________________.
Many nonmetals exist as diatomic molecules. ______________________means two atoms. Write the
formulas for all of the diatomic molecules._________________________________________________
Polar Covalent Bonds
One atom has a greater attraction for the e-, making one end of the molecule have a
____________________. The other end has a ____________________________________.
Water is a polar molecule. The e- spend most of their time with the Oxygen atom, making the O end of
the molecule slightly negative and the H end slightly positive.
Nonpolar Covalent Bond
Both atoms have an equal attraction for the electrons, so they __________________________________.
Attractions between polar molecules are _____________________ than between nonpolar molecules.
Quick Lab: Analyzing Inks p. 167
Section Assessment Questions 1-5 p. 169
Handout Comparing and Contrasting Ionic and Covalent Compounds\
Lesson on naming ionic and covalent compounds

6.3 Naming Compounds and Writing Formulas

Binary Ionic Compounds
1st word ____________________________
2nd word ____________________________________________
If the metal is a transition metal, a ______________________________ is placed between the metal
and nonmetal to indicate which ion. Ex. Sodium Chloride, Copper (II) Chloride
Polyatomic Ions
Covalently bonded group of atoms with a ___________________________.
_____________________________ act like single atoms when forming chemical bonds.
Polyatomic ions are __________________________ bonded to each other, but as a group they bond
_____________________________ to another ion. * Pass out polyatomic ion sheets.
Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds
Symbol of ___________________ is written ___________________, followed by the symbol of the
anion Use _______________________________ to show the ratio of ions
Parentheses are used to enclose polyatomic ions
Naming Molecular Compounds
MOST ______________________ appears __________ in the name (the one closer to the left on the
periodic table).
If both elements are in the same group, the one closer to the bottom is listed first
Use ____________________ to indicate the number of atoms
The prefix _________________- is not used in the first element name.

Writing Molecular Formulas

Write the _____________ for the elements in the _________________________________
Use the ______________________ to determine the _____________ of atoms
Use _________________ to show how many atoms of each element are in a molecule

LTF Chemical Formula Lab

Building Models with marshmallows and toothpicks.
Handout Lesson on Formula Writing
Section 3 assessment questions 1-10 p. 175

6.4 The Structure of Metals

Metallic Bonds:
1. Form between _____________________________________
2. Attraction between the metal cation and the shared electrons that surround it
3. ____________________________________________________________
Metals are ____________________ and are ___________________________ because of metallic
bonds.
Alloys: a. Mixture of ______________________________________ at least one of which is a metal
b. Can be designed with specific properties by varying the types and amounts of elements in
them.
c. ___________________ is a common alloy made usually of _________________________.
d. _________________ is an alloy of iron that contains small quantities of iron.

Section Assessment Questions 1-6 p. 181

Lab: Making Bronze
Lab: Comparing and Contrasting Covalent and Ionic Compounds