Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

SEKOLAH BERASRAMA PENUH INTEGRASI SELANDAR, MELAKA

NAME : CLASS : I/C No :

ZAIDUL ARIFF BIN ABDUL MALEK 5 AL-RAZI 950201-03-6587

TEACHER : EN. AMIRULFAIZAN BIN AHMAD

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

CONTENTS
NO 1 2 3 4 CONTENT OBJECTIVES ACKNOWLEDGEMENT INTRODUCTION PART 1 5 6 7 8 9 PART 1 (a) PART 1 (b)(i) PART 1 (b)(ii) PAGE

PART 2 PART 3 FURTHER EXPLORATION CONCLUSION REFLECTION

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

OBJECTIVES

The aims of carrying this project works are : To apply and adapt a variety of problem-solving strategies to solve problems To improve thinking skills To promote effective mathematical communication To develop mathematical knowledge to problem solving in a way that increases student interest and confidence To use the language of mathematics to express mathematical ideas precisely To develop positive attitude towards mathematics

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

Acknowledgements

We praise Allah for His favour to us in completing this project work. Our gratitude to the Almighty for good health and compelling strength throughout this research and project. First and foremost, I would like to say thanks to Principal of Sekolah Berasrama Penuh Integrasi Selandar, Melaka, Ayahanda En. Karim Bin Bayok who allows us to create AdditionalMathematics Project Work 2 Folio 2012 until it is done. I would like to say extremely thankful to our additional mathematic teacher,En. Amirulfaizan for sacrificing his precious time for us. Also thanks to my parents, En. Abdul Malek bin Alias and Pn. Nublini bt. Hj Mohd Ghazali for their support and always help me to finish this folio. Their invaluable guidance, advices and subtle direction of our effort throughout the development of this research are much appreciated.I am deeply grateful to our friends and families for helping us out. Their concerning and guidance help me in completing this assignment. Hopefully God may bless your kindness. Thank you.

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

Introduction

There are are a lot of things around us related to the food especially about the calories intake in our daily life. Have you ever chart your calories? Our body burn the calories obtained from food for energy. Many people pay close attention to the number of calories they consume each day. Some may be concerned with losing or gaining weight, while others simply wish to keep track of what they eat.For many people , becoming aware of their caloric intake is an important part of understanding the bodys overall nutritional needs. For years now, calories have been all the rage -- people are counting them and cutting them, and you'd be hard-pressed to find something at the supermarket that does not list its calories per serving somewhere on the package. But have you ever wondered what exactly a calorie is?

In this article, we'll find out what calories are and why we need them, and examine the relationship between calories and weight.

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

Definition

A calorie is a measure of energy expenditure. The calories referred to in diet and exercise are kilocalories (kcal) - 1000 of the calories referred to in science labs for measuring chemical reactions.

A pound of fat stores 3500 calories (kcal). To lose a pound of fat a week a person must eat approximately 500 fewer calories (kcal) per day than he/she expends.

The range of daily calorie burning is from 1600 for a sedentary woman or older people to 2800 for active men, very active women and teenage boys. Walking expends approximately 100 calories per mile for a 150 pound person.

Pronunciation: cal er ee

Common Misspellings: calourie

Examples:

I will walk for 3.5 miles to burn off the calories in that Snickers bar.

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

History

The calorie was not a unit of heat in the original metric system. Some histories state that a defined Calorie (modern kcal) originated with Favre and Silbermann in 1852 or Mayer in 1848. However, Nicholas Clment introduced Calories in lectures on heat engines that were given in Paris between 1819 and 1824. The Calorie was already defined in Bescherelle's 1845 Dictionnaire National. In 1863, the word entered the English language through translation of Ganot's popular French physics text, which defined a Calorie as the heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water from 0 to 1C. Berthelot distinguished between g- and kg-calories by 1879, and Raymond used the kcal in a discussion of human energy needs in an 1894 medical physiology text. The capitalized Calorie as used to indicate 1 kcal on U.S. food labels derives from Atwater's 1887 article on food energy in Century magazine and Farmers' Bulletin 23 in 1894. Formal recognition began in 1896 when the g-calorie was defined as a secondary unit of energy in the cm-g-s measurement system. The thermal calorie was not fully defined until the 20th century, by which time the nutritional Calorie was embedded in U.S. popular culture and nutritional policy.

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

Guidelines for the Implementation of Additional Mathematics Project Work 2012

1. Every student taking Additional Mathematics is required to carry out a project work in Form 5. 2. The aims of carrying out this project work are to enable students to: a) apply mathematics to everyday situations and appreciate the importance and the beauty of mathematics in everyday lives; b) improve problem-solving skills, thinking skills, reasoning and mathematical communication; c) develop positive attitude and personalities and intrinsic mathematical values such as accuracy, confidence and systematic reasoning; d) stimulate learning environment that enhances effective learning, inquiry-based and teamwork. e) develop mathematical knowledge in a way which increases students interest and confidence.

3. The project work can be done in groups or individually but each student is expected to submit an individual written report. The written report should emphasise among others problem-solving strategies, communication in mathematics and reasoning, as clearly outlined in the rubric. The duration to complete this project work should not exceed three weeks. 4. The task and the rubric are to be distributed to the students together with the guidelines. Teachers need to discuss with their students the content of the guidelines and the rubric so that students are able to gauge the needs and requirements to complete their project work. It is also necessary that teachers organize, guide and monitor groups so that each member of the group would be able to work effectively as a team. 5. The individually written report must be handed in by the end of the third week. Students written report will be marked according to the rubric. Oral presentation by the students is highly encouraged in order to develop social skills and presentation skills. 6. The use of technology such as graphing calculator and computer software is strongly encouraged. Using software such as Microsoft Excel, Geometers Sketchpad and GeoGebra as aids in solving problems will enable complex calculations to be solved much easier besides giving the students experience and useful skills in using technologies. 7. It is suggested that this project work contributes 10% of the marks for the trial examination of the Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM). Certificates will be awarded to students who hand in their written reports. Certificates are based on the following scores and grades.

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

CHARTING YOUR CALORIES Our body burn the calories obtained from food for energy. Many people pay close attention to the number of calories they consume each day. Some may be concerned with losing or gaining weight, while others simply wish to keep track of what they eat.For many people , becoming aware of their caloric intake is an important part of understanding the bodys overall nutritional needs.

PART I For this part of the project, you will have to work individually. (a) Make a list of the number of calories per serving of at least ten common or popular food amongst Malaysians.

(b) Record the number of calories you consume over a one-week period (seven days). At the end of the period, you will find your average calorific consumption and write a brief summary of your findings. Use the chart shown to record the number of calories contained in each food you eat at every meal including snacks.

(c) Find the recommended average daily caloric intake amounts recommended by the Malaysian government and compare that to your average daily caloric intake.

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

NUMBER OF CALORIES PER SERVING OF MALAYSIAN FOODS

Ayam Masak Merah

Serving Size: 110g, Calories: 81.6, Fat: 4.8g, Carbs: 1.8g, Protein: 7.8g

Char Kuey Teow

Serving Size: 1plate, Calories: 321.9, Fat: 15.5g, Carbs: 36.2g, Protein: 9.4g

Fish Head Curry

Serving Size: 414 g, Calories: 385, Fat: 2g, Carbs: 0g, Protein: 18g

Kuih Seri Muka

Serving Size: 99 g, Calories: 192.2, Fat: 0g, Carbs: 35.9g, Protein: 3.6g

Penang Asam Laksa

Serving Size: 1 bowl, Calories: 432, Fat: 2g, Carbs: 83g, Protein: 21.1g

Nasi Ayam
Serving Size: 250 g, Calories: 277.2, Fat: 3.2g, Carbs: 46g, Protein: 16.1g

Nasi Goreng
Serving Size: 330 g, Calories: 637.9, Fat: 25.1g, Carbs: 86.8g, Protein: 16.2g

Nasli Lemak
Serving Size: 230 g, Calories: 389.5, Fat: 13.1g, Carbs: 58.2g, Protein: 9.7g

Teh Tarik
Serving Size: 1 cup, Calories: 142, Fat: 0g, Carbs: 22.8g, Protein: 4g

TomYam Chicken
Serving Size: 400 g, Calories: 204.6, Fat: 7g, Carbs: 12.4g, Protein: 25g

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

CALORIES CONSUME OVER A ONE-WEEK PERIOD

Meal Plan for a whole day :

MONDAY
BREAKFAST Fried rice - 1 plate Milk, Low Fat (Susu Lemak Rendah) - 240 gram Subtotal LUNCH Water (Air Kosong) - 8 oz Nasi Goreng - 1 plate Fruit Subtotal SNACK ( TEA) Tea Tarik - 120gram Cookies - 2pieces Subtotal DINNER Nasi Putih (White Rice) - 1 plate Fish Curry Water (Air Kosong) - 8 oz Vegetables, mixed - 1 plate Subtotal LATE NIGHT SNACK Tea Tarik - 120gram Wholemeal bread - 2 slices Subtotal Total 400.70 cal 207.50cal 608.20 cal

0.00 cal 637.90cal 137.00cal 774.90cal

148.55cal 292.20cal 440.75cal

166.50cal 433.00cal 0.00 cal 157.40cal 756.90cal

148.55cal 257.40cal 423.95cal 3004.70cal

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

TUESDAY WEDNESDAY
BREAKFAST Cereal For Breakfast - 3Ogram 3 in 1 MILO packet Subtotal LUNCH Water (Air Kosong) - 8 oz Nasi Ayam - 1 plate Vegetables - 1 plate Fruit Subtotal SNACK ( TEA) Tea Tarik - 120gram Cookies - 2pieces Subtotal DINNER Nasi Putih (White Rice) - 1 plate Chicken, soup - 200gram Fruit Water (Air Kosong) - 8 oz Vegetables, mixed - 1 plate Subtotal LATE NIGHT SNACK Milk, Low Fat (Susu Lemak Rendah) - 240 gram Wholemeal bread - 4 slices Subtotal Total 209.00 cal 218.10cal 427.10 cal BREAKFAST Nasi Lemak - 1 plate 3 in 1 MILO packet Subtotal LUNCH Water (Air Kosong) - 8 oz Chicken curry with rice - 1 plate Vegetables mixed - 1 plate Fruit Subtotal SNACK ( TEA) Nescafe 3 in 1 Cookies - 2pieces Subtotal DINNER Nasi Goreng(fried rice) - 1 plate Water (Air Kosong) - 8 oz Fried Chicken Subtotal LATE NIGHT SNACK Bread, white - 2 slices Teh Tarik Subtotal Total 389.50 cal 118.10cal 507.60 cal

0.00 cal 477.20cal 257.40cal 137.00cal 871.60cal

0.00 cal 470.70cal 257.40cal 137.00cal 865.10cal

148.55cal 292.20cal 240.75cal

88.70cal 192.20cal 280.90cal

166.50cal 201.30cal 137.00cal 0.00 cal 257.40cal 762.20cal

637.90cal 0.00 cal 232.20cal 870.10cal

207.50 cal 514.80cal 722.30cal 3023.95cal

242.80cal 148.55cal 391.35cal 2915.65cal

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

THURSDAY
BREAKFAST Nasi Goreng (fried rice) -330gram Teh Tarik Subtotal LUNCH Water (Air Kosong) - 8 oz Nasi putih (White Rice) - 1 plate Vegetables mixed - 1 plate Fried Chicken Fruit Subtotal SNACK ( TEA) Tea Tarik - 120gram Biscuits 28gram Subtotal DINNER Nasi Putih (White Rice) - 1 plate Ayam Masak Merah 110gram Water (Air Kosong) - 8 oz Vegetables, mixed - 1 plate Fruit 242gram Subtotal LATE NIGHT SNACK Water (Air Kosong) - 8 oz Jacobs Hi-Fibre 28gram Bihun Soup 325gram Subtotal Total 637.90 cal 148.55cal 735.60 cal

FRIDAY
BREAKFAST Bihun Soup 325gram Water (Air Kosong) - 8 oz Subtotal LUNCH Water (Air Kosong) - 8 oz Nasi putih (White Rice) - 1 plate Chicken Curry 200gram Egg 60gram Fruit Subtotal SNACK ( TEA) Tea O Cookies - 4pieces Subtotal DINNER Nasi Putih (White Rice) - 1 plate Fried fish Water (Air Kosong) - 8 oz Spinach I cup Fruit 242gram Subtotal LATE NIGHT SNACK Milk, Low Fat (Susu Lemak Rendah) - 240 gram Nasi Goreng (fried rice) -330gram Subtotal Total 356.20cal 0.00 cal 356.20cal

0.00 cal 166.50cal 257.40cal 432.20cal 37.00cal 893.10cal

0.00 cal 166.50cal 402.20cal 68.50cal 137.00cal 774.20cal

148.55cal 311.30cal 459.85cal

0.00cal 384.40cal 384.40cal

166.50cal 181.60cal 0.00 cal 257.40cal 120.00cal 625.50cal

166.50cal 381.00cal 0.00 cal 6.10cal 120.00cal 673.60cal

0.00 cal 111.30cal 356.20cal 467.50cal 3081.55cal

207.50 cal 637.90 cal 845.40cal 3033.80cal

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

SATURDAY
BREAKFAST Roti Canai 95gram 3 in 1 MILO packet Subtotal LUNCH Water (Air Kosong) - 8 oz Nasi Ayam - 1 plate Vegetables - 1 plate Fruit Subtotal SNACK ( TEA) Tea Tarik - 120gram Cookies - 2pieces Subtotal DINNER Nasi Goreng (fried rice) -330gram Egg Sambal 80gram Fried Checken Water (Air Kosong) - 8 oz Vegetables, mixed - 1 plate Subtotal LATE NIGHT SNACK Milk, Low Fat (Susu Lemak Rendah) - 240 gram Fast food (burger) 100gram Subtotal Total 301.50cal 118.10cal 419.60cal

SUNDAY
BREAKFAST Nasi Lemak 230gram Nescafe, Mocha Subtotal LUNCH Orange Juice 24gram Chicken rice - 1 plate Vegetables - 1 plate Fruit Subtotal SNACK ( TEA) Water (Air Kosong) Cookies - 4pieces Subtotal 389.50cal 92.50cal 482.00cal

0.00 cal 277.20cal 80.00cal 137.00cal 494.20cal

100.00 cal 555.60cal 80.00cal 137.00cal 872.60cal

148.55cal 192.20cal 340.75cal

- 8 oz

0.00 cal 384.40cal 384.40cal

637.90 cal 174.10cal 232.20cal 0.00 cal 157.40cal 1201.60cal

DINNER Nasi Putih (White Rice) - 1 plate Creamy Checken & Vegetables Water (Air Kosong) - 8 oz Vegetables, mixed - 1 plate Subtotal LATE NIGHT SNACK White Coffee Roti Bakar Wholemeal bread - 3 slices Subtotal Total

166.50cal 437.00cal 0.00 cal 157.40cal 760.90cal

197.70cal 352.20cal 550.20cal 3050.10cal

207.50 cal 558.80cal 766.30cal 3104.35cal

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

ONE-WEEK PERIOD CALORIES CONSUMPTION

MONDAY

3004.70kcal

TUESDAY

3023.95kcal
2915.65kcal 3081.55kcal 3033.80kcal 3104.35kcal 3050.10kcal

WEDNESDAY

THURSDAY

FRIDAY

SATURDAY

SUNDAY

Total of calories over a one-week period :

3004.70 + 2529.55 + 2815.65 + 2205.35 + 2261.10 + 2532.95 + 2440.40

= 17 789.70kcal

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

Average Caloric Consumption: Formula:

Average,mean

calories per day over a one-week period

N, Number of days over a one-week period =

3004.70 + 2529.55 + 2815.65 + 2205.35 + 2261.10 + 2532.95 + 2440.40

= =

7 17 789.70 7 2541.40

Average caloric consumption in a day is : 2541.40kcal

Brief summary: Based on the results of the number of calories that I have consumed over a one-week period (seven days) shown in the table, I have consumed about 2541.40kcal in a day. For Monday, the total number of calories intake for a whole day are 3004.10kcal, followed by Tuesday2529.55kcal, Wednesday-2815.65kcal, Thursday-2205.35kcal, Friday-2261.10kcal, Saturday2532.95kcal, and Sunday-2440.40kcal. On Monday, the total of calories intake is the highest one compared to the others. This is because of the energy needed for the day is very high with the sports training activity besides the starter of school day after two days of weekend days, Saturday and Sunday.

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

BAR CHART

Number of Calories intake

Sunday Saturday Friday Thursday Wednesday Tuesday Monday 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 Number of Calories intake

Bar chart above shows the number of calories intake per day over a one-week period

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

RECOMMENDED AVERAGE DAILY CALORIC INTAKE

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

Recommended average daily caloric intake amounts recommended by the Malaysian Government & The comparison between the government average daily caloric intake and my average daily calorific intake
The table showed the number of recommended average daily calorific intake amounts for all stages from many ages. Recommended average daily calorific intake amounts recommended by the Malaysian government based on the summary table shown is: For the age around 16-18years (adolescent-boys), the recommended calorific intake amounts for a day is = 2840kcal

The Comparison calorific intake:

Recommended by the Malaysian Government : 2840kcal My calorific intake in a day (based on the calculation) : 2541.4kcal Difference between both calorific intake: = 2840cal 2541.4kcal = 298.6kcal Based on the calculation above, the differences between the recommended calorific intake amounts and my calorific intake amounts in a day is about 298.6cal. So, I need about 298.6cal more to reach the best value of calorific intake amounts suggested by the government.

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

HOW MANY CALORIES DO YOU BURN EACH DAY? Physical activities burn calories. But do you know how many calories you burn each day? This part of the project will help you find out. Besides keeping track of your daily caloric intake, you will also keep track of your daily activities for seven days. Based on the time you spend in each activity, you will calculate the total number of calories you need for the activity. You will then find the total number of calories you burn each day.

PART II You can estimate the number of calories you burn during an activity by using this formula: Your weight(kg) x calories per hour per kg x time(hour) = total calories Or use the calorie calculator from http://www.nutriweb.org.my/calorieburner.php (a) Make a chart for the time you spend on your daily activities over the period of seven days and the calories that you burn during activities.

(b) Find out wether all the activities that you do are enough to help you keep your ideal weight. Give reasons and suggestions.

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

Total calories expenditure for a 24 hour period per day over a one-week period

ACTIVITY Walking slowly (4km/h) Sleeping Sitting Quietly Sitting (eating) Sitting (writing) Ironing Sweeping floor Badminton Solat (prayer)

MONDAY DURATION(min) 240 420 240 60 345 10 10 75 40 Total Duration : 1440

CALORIES BURNT 635.2 453.6 302.4 82.8 400.3 19.8 37.2 436.5 80.0 Total Calories : 2367.8

ACTIVITY Walking slowly (4km/h) Sleeping Sitting Quietly Sitting (eating) Sitting (writing) Ironing Walking briskly (6km/h) Footbal Solat (prayer)

TUESDAY DURATION(min) 270 360 240 60 330 10 40 90 40 Total Duration : 1440

CALORIES BURNT 739.6 388.8 302.4 82.8 374.2 19.8 177.6 512.8 80.0 Total Calories : 2678.0

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

ACTIVITY Walking slowly (4km/h) Sleeping Sitting Quietly Sitting (eating) Sitting (writing) Ironing Walking briskly (6km/h) Badminton Solat (prayer)

WEDNESDAY DURATION(min) 240 420 225 60 345 10 10 90 40 Total Duration : 1440

CALORIES BURNT 635.2 453.6 283.5 82.8 400.3 19.8 44.4 523.8 80.0 Total Calories : 2523.4

ACTIVITY Sleeping Sitting Quietly Sitting (eating) Sitting (writing) Ironing Walking slowly (4km/h) Walking briskly (6km/h) Tennis Jogging Solat (prayer)

THURSDAY DURATION(min) 450 240 60 330 10 240 10 50 10 40 Total Duration : 1440

CALORIES BURNT 486 302.4 82.8 374.2 19.8 635.2 44.4 327 67.2 80.0 Total Calories : 2419.0

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

ACTIVITY Sleeping Sitting Quietly Sitting (eating) Sitting (writing) Ironing Walking slowly (4km/h) Walking briskly (6km/h) Basketball Running (slow)(8km/h) Solat (prayer)

FRIDAY DURATION(min) 420 195 60 315 10 300 50 30 20 40 Total Duration : 1440

CALORIES BURNT 453.6 245.7 82.8 396.1 19.8 744 222 248.4 183.6 80.0 Total Calories : 2500.0

ACTIVITY Sleeping Sitting Quietly Sitting (eating) Sitting (writing) Ironing Walking slowly (4km/h) Walking briskly (6km/h) Basketball Running (slow)(8km/h) Solat (prayer)

SATURDAY DURATION(min) 420 195 60 320 10 300 50 30 20 40 Total Duration : 1440

CALORIES BURNT 453.6 245.7 82.8 400.1 19.8 744 222 248.4 183.6 80.0 Total Calories : 2504.0

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

ACTIVITY Walking slowly (4km/h) Sleeping Sitting Quietly Sitting (eating) Sitting (writing) Ironing Sweeping floor Badminton Solat (prayer)

SUNDAY DURATION(min) 190 450 240 60 345 20 10 75 40 Total Duration : 1440

CALORIES BURNT 441.2 486 302.4 82.8 400.3 39.6 37.2 436.5 80.0 Total Calories : 2246.0

Chart the number of calories burnt against days The calories burnt during activities per day
2800 2700 Number of calories burnt 2600 2500 2400 2300 2200 2100 2000 2367.8 2246 The calories burnt during activities per day 2678 2523.4 2419 2504.1

2500

Days

The chart above showed the number of calories burnt in a day through the time I spend on my daily physical activities over the period of seven days.

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

Brief explanation:
Do all the activities that I have done are enough to help I keep my ideal weight?
The answer: Based on all the activities that I have done throughout my daily life, I found that there is not good enough and need to improve of my daily activities to increase the total number of calories burnt. But, this matter is not too serius and still around the normal level in keeping my ideal weight. Reasons and Suggestions: My average daily caloric intake amounts = 2542.4cal My average daily caloric burnt throughout physical activities in a day :

Average Caloric Burnt in a day: Formula:

Average,mean

calories burnt per day over a one-week period through daily activities

N, Number of days over a one-week period =

2367.8 + 2678.0 + 2523.4 + 2419.0 + 2500.0 + 2504.1 + 2246.0

= =

7 17 238.3 7 2462.6kcal

Average caloric burnt in a day is : 2462.6kcal

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

Reasons and Suggestions: The reason why my daily activities are not perfect enough to keep my ideal weight is as we know, to maintain our ideal weight, the calories intake amounts from foods in a day should be stabilised by the amount of calories burnt throughout our daily activities, where both must have similar input and output. In my case, the suggestion is I need to increase my total number of calories burnt to reach the same value as calories intake amounts by improving my basic level of daily activities. For additional informations, in order to lose my weight, I need to eat less calories per day than my body needs. To lose 1lb, equal to 1kg a week I need a negative calorie balance of 500 calories per day. To lose weight at 2lb, equal to 2kg a week I need to reduce my calorie intake by 1000 calories a day.

INFORMATION FROM WEIGHT LOSS RESOURCES AGENCY A body that consumes 2500 calories a day, and burns 2500 calories a day will stay at the same weight. A body consuming 2500 calories daily but burning only 2000 will gain weight at the rate of about 1lb a week.

There are included some suggestions on how to speed up my rate of burning calories
Build Muscle
Increase the amount of muscle in your body. For every extra pound of muscle you put on, your body uses around 50 extra calories a day. In a recent study, researchers found that regular weight training boosts basal metabolic rate by about 15%. This is because muscle is metabolically active and burns more calories than other body tissue even when youre not moving. Training with weights just 3 times a week for around 20 minutes is enough to build muscle. Not only will you be burning more calories, youll look better whatever your weight.

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

Move More
Although the average person burns around 30% of calories through daily activity, many sedentary people only use around 15%. Simply being aware of this fact and taking every opportunity to move can make quite a dramatic difference to the amount of calories you burn. The trick is to keep the keep moving message in mind. Write the word move on post-it notes and put them in places youll notice them when youre sitting still. Then, take every opportunity to move heres some ideas for burning calories: Tap your feet Swing your legs Drum your fingers Stand up and stretch Move your head from side to side Change position Wriggle and fidget Pace up and down Dont use the internal phone go in person Use the upstairs loo Park in the furthest corner of the car park Stand up when youre on the phone Clench and release your muscles Youll find lots of opportunities for burning more calories if you remember that youre looking for them! Keep thinking keep moving.

Eat Spicy Food

There is evidence to show that spices, especially chilli, can raise the metabolic rate by up to 50% for up to 3 hours after youve eaten a spicy meal. Drinks containing caffeine also stimulate the metabolism, as does green tea.

Aerobic Exercise
As well as the actual amount of calories burned during exercise studies have shown that sustained, high-intensity exercise makes you burn more calories for several hours afterwards.

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

Try 30 minute sessions of heart rate raising exercise, such as vigorous walking, step aerobics, jogging, cycling or swimming, 3-4 times a week.

Eat Little and Often

There is some evidence to suggest that eating small, regular meals will keep your metabolism going faster than larger, less frequent meals. There are two reasons why meal frequency may affect your metabolism. Firstly, levels of thyroid hormones begin to drop within hours of eating a meal, and metabolism slows. Secondly, it may be that the thermogenic effect of eating several small meals is slightly higher than eating the same amount of calories all at once. Provided your small meals dont degenerate into quick-fix, high fat, high sugar snacks, eating little and often can also help to control hunger and make you less likely binge.

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

PART III

Work in a group of 5 individuals. (a) Make a frequency table with a suitable class interval for the daily calorie burn for a oneweek period. (From data in Part II)

(b) Draw a histogram and find the mode of the average calorie burn for your group.

Calorie Burnt (kcal) 2201-2300 2301-2400 2401-2500 2501-2600 2601-2700

Midpoint

Frequency

2250.5 2350.5 2450.5 2550.5 2650.5

1 1 1 3 1

Frequency table for daily caloric burnt for a one-week period

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

Calorie Burnt (kcal) 2201-2300 2301-2400 2401-2500 2501-2600 2601-2700

Midpoint 2250.5 2350.5 2450.5 2550.5 2650.5

Upper Boundary 2300.5 2400.5 2500.5 2600.5 2700.5

Lower Boundary 2200.5 2300.5 2400.5 2500.5 2600.5

Frequency 1 1 1 3 1

Grouped data of caloric burnt over a one-week period

Frequency

Histogram of caloric burnt over a one-week period

3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0

2200.5 2300.5 2400.5 2500.5

2550.5

2600.5

2700.5

caloric burnt (kcal)

Histogram of caloric burnt over a one-week period

Modal class = 2501-2600kcal Mode (from the histogram above) = 2550.5kcal

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

FURTHER EXPLORATION Calculate the variance and standard deviation from your data above. *The calculation is based on the caloric burnt data over a one-week period.
Mean, x = calories burnt per day over a one-week period through daily activities

N, Number of days over a one-week period =

2367.8 + 2678.0 + 2523.4 + 2419.0 + 2500.0 + 2504.1 + 2246.0

= =

7 17 238.3 7 2462.6

Variance, 2 = x2 x2 N 2 = 2367.8 + 2678.02 + 2523.42 + 2419.02 + 2500.02 + 2504.12 + 2246.02

2462.62

7
= 42 562 302.2 _ 2462.6 7 = 15 930.127
2

Standard deviation, = 15 930.127 = 126.215

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

CONCLUSION

After I accomplished this project, I have found that the mathematics is fun and very useful in daily life. I have learnt the important of perseverance as time will be inverted to ensure the completion and excellence of this project.

On the other hands , I have learnt the virtue to making together as I have helped and received help from my fellow peers in the production of this project. I realised the important to be thankful and appreciative during completing this task. This is because I able to apply my mathematical knowledge in daily life and appreciate the beauty of mathematic.

This project is a several training stage for me to prepare myself for the demands of my future undertaking in the university and work life.

Zaidul Ariff

Project Additional Mathematics Work 2

SPM 2012

REFLECTION

While I conducting this project, there is a lot of information that I have found. I have learnt how loan is calculated. Apart from that, this project encourages the student to work together and share their knowledge. It is also encourages student to gather information from the internet, improve thinking skills and promote effective mathematical communication. Not only that, I had learned some moral values that I can practice. This project had taught me to responsible on the works that are given to me to be completed. This project also had made me felt more confidence to do works and not to give easily when we could not find the solution for the question. I also learned to be more discipline on time, which I was given only 3 weeks to complete this project and pass up to my teacher just in time. I also enjoy doing this project as I need to spend my time with friends to complete this project and it had tightens our friendship.