SEMINAR TOPICS:1. PLEURAL CAVITY AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE DIBYA SHARMA 2.bronchoscopy--e.

dharani
3.Bronchopulmonary segment &its clinical significance-divahar
4.Coronary artery disease-bindhya p. 5.Pericardial effusion-dinesh 6diaphragmatic hernia.chinnatambi gounder. 7.Cervical rib-bhubaneshwari. 8.Cardiopulmonary resuscitation-birundha 9.THORACOCENTESIS BOOPATHI RAJA 10. TRACHEOSTOMY CHINNA TAMBI.R

Guided by: Dr.V.Shantaram Presented by: Dibya sharma

DEFINITION OF PLEURAL CAVITY

Pleural cavity is the potential space that lies between the

two pleura i.e. parietal and visceral pleura that lines and surrounds the lungs.

PLEURAL FLUID AND ITS FUNCTIONS :

The pleural cavity contains a small amount of thin

fluid known as pleural fluid(5-10 ml).

FUNCTIONS 1. Provides lubrication as the lungs expands and

contract during respiration. 2. Reduces friction.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF PLEURAL CAVITY

1. Pleural effusion
2. Pneumothorax 3. Hemothorax 4.Empyema

Pleural Effusion
The excessive accumulation of fluid in the pleural cavity is

called pleural effusion.

X-ray showing pleural effusion

 ETIOLOGY
Infections,tuberculosis etc. CLINICAL MANIFESTATION Decreased breath sounds. Dullness on percussion on the side of effusion.

 TREATMENT Paracentesis thoracis 1. Aspiration of any fluid from the pleural cavity is called paracentesis thoracis. 2. It is usually done in the 8th intercostal space in the midaxillary line.

EMPYEMA
Collection of pus in the pleural cavity.

Pneumothorax
Accumulation of air in the pleural cavity

TYPES OF PNEUMOTHORAX
SPONTANEOUS PNEUMOTHORAX

Sudden entry of air in the pleural cavity due to rupture of emphysamateous bullae of the lung.
Open pneumothorax

Occurs due to stab wounds on the thoracic wall piercing the pleura which communicates air in the pleural cavity with the external environment.

Tension Pneumothorax
Continuous building up of air pressure in the pleural cavity on the wounded side.

HAEMOTHORAX
Collection of blood in the pleural cavity.

Thank You