Contactores Filtros para Condensadores

CONTACTORES INDUSTRIALES
ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE
ABB Contactors:
Capacitor switching Contactors types A, UA and UA-R
A1
A1
A1
A2
A2
A2
Capacitor switching
Why the capacitors need ? In factories the load is mainly constituted of motors The resulting characteristic is inductive
Solution = Capacitors
pa p
n re
Po
er w
L I2 Inductive Power
- I2/C
we nt Po re Appa r
Active Power
Active Power
Capacitor switching
Comparison
Resistance
Motor
Capacitor
In
In
In
Capacitor switching
Single step capacitor
30 times In
In
Capacitor switching
Multi steps capacitor bank
> 100 times In
In
Capacitor switching
Contactor sizing: Thermal current + peak current
Thermal current Up to 30% for harmonics and voltage fluctuations on mains Up to 15% for tolerances on capacitor power Contactor have to support Ith
Ith = 1.3 x 1.15 x Inc = 1.5 Inc
Capacitor switching
ABB contactor range
Current peak 30 In 100 In > 100 In
Contactor types A9 ... EH 800 UA16 ... UA110 U16-R UA75-R
A Contactors
Standard Contactors
kvar: 400V, 50/60 Hz, 40C

11 A12 12.5 A16 19 22 26 38 43 48 60 70 A26 A30 A40 A50 A63 A75 A95 A110 4 4
Max permissible peak current (kA) 0.7 1 1.6 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.6
( Higher peak needs additional self inductance )
Contactors EH
Standard Contactors
kvar :
90
400V, 50/60 Hz, 40C 105 125 140 160 200 280 350 390
EH145 EH175 EH210 EH260 EH300 EH370 EH550 EH700 EH800
Max permissible peak current (kA)

4 5 5 8 8 10 10 12 12
(Higher peak needs additional self inductance )
Capacitor Contactors UA
Max. peak current up to 100 times r.m.s
kvar : 400V, 50/60 Hz, 40C

12.5 20 27,5 33 45 50 60 74 UA16 UA26 UA30 UA50 UA63 UA75 UA95 UA110 Max permissible peak current (kA) (Ue<500V) 1.8 3 3,5 5 5.5 6 9.3
(Higher peak needs additional self inductance )
10.5
Capacitor Contactors UA-R

No prospective current peak limits
kvar : 400V, 50/60 Hz, 40C

12.5 22 30 40 50 60
UA16..-R UA26..-R UA30..-R UA50..-R UA63..-R UA75..-R
Used without additional inductance
Capacitor switching
Contactors type UA-R
Making
R
Breaking
R
A1 A2
R
A1 A2
R
Capacitor switching
How to select the contactor ? According to : Capacitor power (Kvar) Current peak and with the help of the ABB tables
Capacitor switching
Example of application Three -phase capacitor: 22 kVar (22 000 Var) 400V (50Hz) 40C Ambient temp. around the contactor: How to select the right contactor?
Capacitor switching
Standard Contactors type A
Power ( kVar ) 400 V 50/60 Hz 40 C 55 C 70 C
11 12.5 19 22 26 38 43 48 60 70 11 12.5 19 22 26 38 43 48 60 70 9.5 10 15 18.5 20 34 39 41 53 60 Peak current max ( KA ) 0.7 1 1.6 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.6 4 4
Types
A 12 A 16 A 26 A 30 A 40 A 50 A 63 A 75 A 95 A110
Capacitor switching
Standard Contactors type EH
40 C Power kVar 400 V 50/60 Hz 55 C 70 C Peak current max. ( KA ) Types
90 105 125 140 160 200 260 350 390
90 105 125 140 160 200 260 350 370
74 78 99 130 150 185 255 332 332
4 5 5 8 8 10 10 12 12
EH 145 EH 175 EH 210 EH 260 EH 300 EH 370 EH 550 EH 700 EH 800
Capacitor switching
Contactors type UA
Power kVar 400 V 50/60 Hz 40 C 55 C 70 C
20 27.5 33 45 50 60 74 18.5 27.5 33 43 50 60 70 14.5 19 32 37 39 50 65
Peak current max. ( KA )
Types
UA 26 UA 30 UA 50 UA 63 UA 75 UA 95 UA110
3 3.5 5 5.5 6 9.3 10.5
Designed for peak currents up to 100 times In

CONTACTORES INDUSTRIALES ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE
Capacitor switching
Contactors type UA-R
Power ( kVar ) 400 V 50/60 Hz 40 C
12.5 22 30 40 50 60
Peak current max. ( KA )
Types
UA 16R UA 26R UA 30R UA 50R UA 63R UA 75R
55 C
12.5 20 27.5 40 45 50
70 C
10 15.5 19.5 35 39 41
No Limitation
Designed for peak currents up to no limitation

Capacitor switching
1st Case:
22 kVar ,Three-phase 400V 50Hz, temp. 40C Peak current : 1.7 kA
Selection: A 30 - Standard contactor - This contactor is rated 22 kVar - It can accept up to = 1.9 kA Peak current.
Capacitor switching
2nd Case:
22 kVar ,Three-phase 400V 50Hz, temp. 40C Peak current : 2.5 kA Selection 1: A 63 - This contactor can accept up to 2.5 kA peak current. - It is rated 43 kVar Selection 2: A 30 + addition of inductance's by user - Peak current must be limited to 1.9 kA. - Contactor rating 22 kVar Selection 3: UA 30 - Max. peak current 3.5 kA. - Contactor rating 27.5 kVar
Capacitor switching
3rd Case:
22 kVar ,Three-phase 400V 50Hz, temp. 40C Peak current : 4.5 kA Selection 1: EH 175
- This contactor can accept up to 5 kA peak current. - It is rated 105 kVar Selection 2: A 30 + addition of inductance's by user - Max. peak current must be limited to 1.9 kA. - Contactor rating 22 kVar Selection 3: UA 30 + addition of inductance's by user - Max. peak current must be limited to 3.5 kA. - Contactor rating 27.5 kVar Selection 2: UA 26 -R - This contactor is rated 22 kVar. - No limit on accepted prospective peak current
How to define the current peak ?

Three possible cases : - Three-phase capacitor bank with a single step - Three-phase capacitor bank with several steps of identical power - Three-phase capacitor bank with several steps of different power Two possible ways :
- Calculation - Measurement

1) Single step - Calculation
=
k1 : Constant = 1457 (50 Hz) or 1330 (60 Hz) Q : Capacitor Power (kvar) Known Lt : Transformer inductance per phase (H)
k1
Q L +t L
Known Calculation on next picture
L : Sum of Inductance between the transformer and the capacitor (H) w (Circuit-breaker, Contactor, Electrical connection or fuses)

Transformer inductance per phase
U Lt = k 3S
: Short-circuit voltage (%) U : Phase to phase operating voltage (V) k2 : 31,4 (If F=50 Hz) or 37,68 (If F=60 Hz) S : Transformer power (kVA)
All of these datas are written on the transformer

Inductance between the transformer and the capacitor 1) Calculation of am/d
Single phase installation or am = a d = Conductor diameter (mm) Example for a U1000 RO2V cable : am = 1,26 a Three-phase delta installation Three-phase adjacent installation
d a

Inductance between the transformer and the capacitor
2) Selection of the linear coefficient k4 . see on the curve

k4
3) Le = Cable length * k4 (mm)
Am/d

Inductance between the transformer and the capacitor
Circuit-breaker inductance (Lb) = 0,5 H
Fuses inductance (Lf) = 0,4 H
Contactor inductance (Lc) = 0,3 H

Total inductance
L = Le + Lb + Lc or L = Le + Lf + Lc

2) Several steps of identical power - Calculation
= k1
n-1 n
Known Known
Qn Ln
k1 : Constant = 1457 (50 Hz) or 1330 (60 Hz) n : Number of capacitor steps Known Qn = Q1 = Q2 = Q... : Power of a step (kvar)
Ln = L1 = L2 = L... : Inductance by phase of a step in H


3) Several steps of different power - Calculation
To calculate the current peak in several steps of different power, just take a look on page 9, 18 and 19 of the ABB Application Guide.

Exercise I: Find the current peak of this installation :
Transformer : 2000 kVA 380 V Short-circuit voltage = 6% 50 Hz
15 meters of delta cables 15 m Conductive cross-sectional area = 10 mm
Capacitor = 20 kvar

Transformer : 2000 kVA 380 V 50 Hz
Short-circuit voltage = 6%
6 * 380 Lt = = 31,4 * 2000 k3 S

Transformer inductance :
Lt = 13.8 H

Looking on the chart :
Conductive cross-sectionnal area = 10 mm (15 meters length)
Am = 1.26 a = 1.26 * 9.2 = 11.592 mm

0.41 H
Am d
11.592 3.9
Lc = 0.41 * 15 6.1 H
L = 0.5 + 0.3 + 6.1 = 6.9 H

Contactor inductance
3
Circuit-breaker inductance

So the current peak is :
= k1
Q Lt + L 20 13.8 + 6.9
= 1457
= 1.43 kA

Exercise II : Find the current peak of the same installation but with 4 steps :
Transformer : 2000 kVA 380 V Short-circuit voltage = 6% 50 Hz
15 m
1m
1 meter of delta cables between the capacitor and the busbar Conductive cross-sectional area = 10 mm Capacitor = 20 kvar 4 steps

Looking on the chart :
Conductive cross-sectionnal area = 10 mm (1 meter length)
Am = 1.26 a = 1.26 * 9.2 = 11.592 mm

0.41 H
Am d
11.592 3.9
Lc = 0.41 * 1 = 0.41 H
L = 0.4 + 0.3 +0.41 = 1.11 H
3

Current peak for the last closed contactor :
= k1
n-1 n
Qn Ln 20 1.11
4-1 = 1457 * 4
= 4.64 kA

4) Single step / several step - Measurement
The peak measurement must be done on 220 operating cycles to be sure to measure the highest current peak. Required equipment : (Able to measure a I peak of 1 or 2 ms) oscilloscope (10 Mhz Frequency, 12 bytes resolution) Three current sensors (50 kHz frequency, 2000A nominal current, 10 000 A max current peak) ABB rf : ES 2000 - 9725 ES 2000 F ES 2000 S depends on secondary connexion c
The measurement is made before the contactor


Calculation or measurement
Calculation Measurement
All parameters of the installation must be known
The installation must be made b before. It s only for a checking o or a confirmation of the cccontactor choice
Warning : If the current peak is too difficult to define, the best solution is UA-R contactor
CONTACTORES Y FILTROS NORMALIZADOS
HM

Contactores Filtros para Condensadores

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CONTACTORES INDUSTRIALES

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

> 100 times In

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

Ith = 1.3 x 1.15 x Inc = 1.5 Inc

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

Current peak 30 In 100 In > 100 In

Contactor types A9 ... EH 800 UA16 ... UA110 U16-R UA75-R

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

kvar: 400V, 50/60 Hz, 40C

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

EH145 EH175 EH210 EH260 EH300 EH370 EH550 EH700 EH800

Max permissible peak current (kA)

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

kvar : 400V, 50/60 Hz, 40C

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

Capacitor Contactors UA-R

kvar : 400V, 50/60 Hz, 40C

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

90 105 125 140 160 200 260 350 390

90 105 125 140 160 200 260 350 370

74 78 99 130 150 185 255 332 332

EH 145 EH 175 EH 210 EH 260 EH 300 EH 370 EH 550 EH 700 EH 800

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

3 3.5 5 5.5 6 9.3 10.5

Designed for peak currents up to 100 times In

Designed for peak currents up to no limitation

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

How to define the current peak ?

How to define the current peak ?

Known Calculation on next picture

How to define the current peak ?

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

How to define the current peak ?

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

How to define the current peak ?

2) Selection of the linear coefficient k4 . see on the curve

3) Le = Cable length * k4 (mm)

How to define the current peak ?

Circuit-breaker inductance (Lb) = 0,5 H

Fuses inductance (Lf) = 0,4 H

Contactor inductance (Lc) = 0,3 H

How to define the current peak ?

Ln = L1 = L2 = L... : Inductance by phase of a step in H

How to define the current peak ?

ING. HUBER MURILLO MANRIQUE

How to define the current peak ?

15 meters of delta cables 15 m Conductive cross-sectional area = 10 mm

How to define the current peak ?

6 * 380 Lt = = 31,4 * 2000 k3 S

How to define the current peak ?

Am = 1.26 a = 1.26 * 9.2 = 11.592 mm