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Anandavel 10m205
Lactometer:
A Lactometer is a little glass instrument that tests the
purity of milk based on density/buoyancy. It is used to find out the amount of water in the milk. works on the principle of the specific gravity of milk.(Archimedes' principle)
Principle:
Operation of the lactometer is based on Archimedes'
principle that a solid suspended in a fluid will be buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the submerged part of the suspended solid. Thus, the lower the density of the substance, the farther the hydrometer will sink.
the body, which is a large air chamber. This chamber causes the instrument to float, attached to the lower end of the body is the bulb which is filled with mercury to cause the lactometer to sink up to the proper level and to float in and up right position in the milk. Inside the lactometer there may be a thermometer extending from the bulb up into the upper part of the stem where the scale is located.
380C thus this liquid does not put into the milk above this temperature. Just below the thermometer is the lactometer scale, with the graduation ranging from 15 at the top to 45 at the bottom. Each division is known as the lactometer degree.
milk is thoroughly mixed, and pour the milk into a glass measuring cylinder which is large enough to float the lactometer freely. Then the lactometer is inserted as soon as the instrument comes to the rest ,read the division at the top of the meniscus film and on a level with the milk.
as the fat globules soon rise and there fore the lower part of the lactometer would be resting in partially skimmed milk. Note the temp of the milk when reading the lactometer and correct the lactometer degrees to standard temperature
How it senses
The principle behind sensing the lactometer reading is
the specific gravity of the milk. It is based on its density or buyoncy The mertcury contained bulb will float or sink based on the density (creaminess) of the milk.
Calibration:
The lower the density of
the fluid, the deeper the weighted float B will sink; the depth can be read off the scale A The scale is calibrated from top to bottom
of lactometer degrees. The thermometer is also engaged to measure the temperature of the milk in terms of degrees. The scale at the top is the thermometer scale .(T) The one at the bottom is the lactometer reading(L.R)
Measuring..
Sample of milk taken and is poured into the tube.
Then the lactometer is inserted into the tube with
care. The correct lactometer reading is obtained only at the temperature of 60C. If the temperatur e is not so then the reading have to be corrected as per the following
seen manually since it is a glass tube Of course it might encounter some observation error. The parallax and observation error have to be avoided while noting down the value.
Inferring:
Higher the lactometer reading , higher will be the