SWS MEDIA RELEASE: 17 JULY 2012

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52 Malingap St., Sikatuna Village, Quezon City Website: www.sws.org.ph Tel: 924-4456, 924-4465 Fax: 920-2181

SWS December 2011 Survey of People with Disabilities: PWDs worse off than general public in their past and future personal quality of life trend
Social Weather Stations A Survey of Persons with Disability (PWDs) on Increasing PWDs Participation in the Coming 2013 Midterm Elections, conducted from December 3-7, 2011, found that 29% of PWDs expect their personal quality of life to improve in the next 12 months (Optimists), and 18% expect it to get worse (Pessimists), for a Net Personal Optimism score (the difference of Optimists over Pessimists) of +11, termed as fair [Chart 1, Table 1]. This is slightly lower compared to the high Net Personal Optimism of +29 in December 2011 and +28 in March 2012 among Filipino adults in general. The survey also found that 18% of PWDs said their personal lives improved compared to the last 12 months (Gainers), and 46% said it worsened (Losers), for a Net Gainers (or the percent of Gainers over Losers) score of 28, which SWS considers low [Chart 2, Table 2]. This is worse off compared to the general public where Net Gainers among adult Filipinos was a mediocre 10 in December, and a fair -7 in March 2012. Net Personal Optimism is fair in most types of disability The December 2011 survey of PWDs found Net Personal Optimism to be fair among Orthopecially-handicapped and the Hearing/Speech-impaired, and mediocre among the Visuallyimpaired. Net Personal Optimism is a fair +12 (31% Optimists, 19% Pessimists) among the Orthopecially-handicapped [Chart 3]. It is also fair among the Hearing/Speech-impaired, at +10 (28% Optimists, 18% Pessimists). However, it is a mere mediocre +8 (25% Optimists, 16% Pessimists, correctly rounded) among the Visually-impaired.

Change in the QOL of PWDs (media release)_Draft 6July2012.doc

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Past trend in quality of life worse among the ortho-impaired On the change in Personal Quality of Life compared to twelve months ago, Net Gainers ranged from mediocre to very low across all types of disability. It is a mediocre 17 (21% Gainers, 39% Losers, correctly rounded) among the Hearing/Speech-impaired [Chart 4]. It is a low 29 (16% Gainers, 45% Losers) among the Visually-impaired. It is a very low 34 (16% Gainers, 50% Losers) among the Orthopedically-handicapped. Net Personal Optimism among PWDs is low in the Visayas, high to fair elsewhere Net Personal Optimism among PWDs ranges from high to fair in all areas except in the Visayas. It is a high +25 (36% Optimists, 11% Pessimists) in Metro Manila [Chart 5]. It is moderate in Balance of Luzon at +18 (33% Optimists, 15% Pessimists), and in Mindanao at +13 (28% Optimists,16% Pessimists, correctly rounded). However, it is low in the Visayas, at net 10 (20% Optimists, 30% Pessimists). Net Personal Optimism high among class ABC and youth By class, Net Personal Optimism is a high +25 (35% Optimists, 11% Pessimists, correctly rounded) among PWDs belonging to class ABC [Chart 6]. It is a fair +16 (33% Optimists, 17% Pessimists) among class D, and a low zero (22% Optimists, 21% Pessimists, correctly rounded) among class E. PWDs who are in their youth (aged 17-24) are more optimistic about their quality of life in the next 12 months, with a high Net Personal Optimism score of +26 (39% Optimists, 12% Pessimists, correctly rounded). It is fair among those aged 25-34 at +19 (32% Optimists, 12% Pessimists, correctly rounded), 35-44 at +19 (31% Optimists, 12% Pessimists), and 45-54 at +14 (33% Optimists, 19% Pessimists). PWDs who are 55 years old and above have a Net Optimism score of zero (23% Optimists, 23% Pessimists), termed as low. Personal Optimism higher among PWDs with more formal schooling Net optimism about personal quality of life in the next 12 months ranges from mediocre to high across education and is higher among those with more formal schooling.

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It is a very high +31 (41% Optimists, 10% Pessimists) among those who are at least college graduates, and a fair +18 (33% Optimists, 15% Pessimists) among those who are have at most some college education [Chart 8]. It is mediocre among those who at least reached high school at +8 (28% Optimists, 20% Pessimists), and those with at most some elementary education at +7 (26% Optimists, 19% Pessimists). PWDs Net Gainers very low in Visayas, low in other areas The December 2011 survey found low Net Gainers score in Balance Luzon at 21 (20% Gainers, 41% Losers), in Mindanao at 22 (19% Gainers, 41% Losers), and in Metro Manila at 26 (19% Gainers, 45% Losers) [Chart 9]. It is at very low 43 (13% Gainers, 56% Losers) in the Visayas. PWDs in lower classes and older age groups felt worse off By class, the Net Gainers score is a mediocre 19 (20% Gainers, 40% Losers, correctly rounded) among PWDs who belong to class ABC [Chart 10]. It is a low 25 (20% Gainers, 44% Losers, correctly rounded) among those in class D, and a very low 35 (13% Gainers, 49% Losers) among class E. By age, Net Gainers is a fair +1 (29% Gainers, 28% Losers) among PWDs aged 17-24, and a mediocre 12 (23% Gainers, 35% Losers, correctly rounded) among 25-34. It is low among PWDs aged 35-44 at 26 (19% Gainers, 44% Losers, correctly rounded), and among 45-54, also at 26 (20% Gainers, 46% Losers). It is a very low 45 (11% Gainers, 46% Losers) among 55 years old and above. Survey Background The Survey of Persons with Disability (PWDs) on Increasing their Participation in the Coming 2013 Midterm Elections was conducted by Social Weather Stations. The activity is under the broader Disability-Inclusive Elections initiative popularly known as Fully Abled Nation. This initiative, implemented by The Asia Foundation, is a part of the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID)s program on Disability-Inclusive Development. The survey was conducted from December 3 to 7, 2011 using face-to-face interviews of 1,200 Persons with Disability (PWDs) in Metro Manila, the Balance of Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao (sampling error margins of 3% for national percentages, 6% for area percentages).

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The Social Weather Surveys cited in this report used face-to-face interviews of at least 1,200 adults in Metro Manila, the Balance of Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao (sampling error margins of 3% for national percentages, 6% for area percentages). The area estimates were weighted by National Statistics Office medium-population projections to obtain the national estimates. The SWS survey questions about trends in personal quality of life and is directed to an adult respondent. Such items are non-commissioned, and are always included on SWS's own initiative and released as a public service. SWS employs its own staff for questionnaire design, sampling, fieldwork, data-processing, and analysis, and does not outsource any of its survey operations. In Net Personal Optimism, scores ranging from +30 and above are termed "very high" and +20 to +29 as "high" since they are higher than what is normally expected, or are above the category containing the median and mode (termed as "fair", ranging from +10 to +19) [see table below].
STANDARD TERMS FOR VALUES OF SWS TREND INDICATORS
Personal Optimism (Net) +30 up +20 to +29 GainersLosers (Net) +10 up + 1 to + 9

Very high High

+10 to +19
+ 1 to + 9 9 to zero

9 to zero
19 to 10 29 to 20

Fair
Mediocre Low

10 down
Comment: In the case of Personal Optimism, the term fair is assigned to the category containing the median and the mode. The term mediocre is used for the positive category (+1, +9) since it is below the median or less than what is normally expected.

30 down

Very Low

Comment: In the case of Gainers-Losers (past trend in personal Quality of Life), the median are in the category low and the modal responses are in the category very low, i.e., low and very low are the most common answers. The term fair is assigned to the negative category (-9, 0) since it is much above the median, or much more than what is normally expected. The term mediocre is then assigned to the category between fair and low.

SWS Survey on Increasing the Participation of People with Disabilities in the 2013 Midterm Elections, Dec 3-7, 2011

SWS MEDIA RELEASE: 17 JULY 2012

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Chart 1
EXPECTED CHANGE IN QUALITY OF LIFE IN NEXT 12 MONTHS, APR 1984 TO MAR 2012
MARCOS CORY AQUINO RAMOS ESTRADA ARROYO BENIGNO AQUINO III

60

% of adults

40

OPTIMISTS

36%
(PWDs)

29%
20

18%
(PWDs)

PESSIMISTS
0

8%
2010 2012

1984 1986

1992

1998

2001

2004

Question. In your opinion, what will be the quality of your life in the coming 12 months? Would you say that it ... (Will be better, Same, Will be worse) Optimists : "Will be better Pessimists: "Will be worse" SWS Survey on Increasing the Participation of People with Disabilities in the 2013 Midterm Elections, Dec 3-7, 2011

Table 2 EXPECTED CHANGE IN QUALITY OF LIFE IN NEXT 12 MONTHS

OPTI- PESSIMISTS MISTS NET OPT.* OPTI- PESSIMISTS MISTS NET OPT.* OPTI- PESSIMISTS MISTS NET OPT.*

MARCOS APR 84 26% 30% JUL 85 36 26 CORY AQUINO MAY 86 40 9 OCT 86 39 10 MAR 87 45 10 OCT 87 28 21 SEP 88 39 14 FEB 89 39 14 SEP 89 36 18 APR 90 39 16 NOV 90 36 27 JUL 91 28 22 NOV 91 36 19 FEB 92 37 18 APR 92 39 17 RAMOS SEP 92 44 11 DEC 92 39 14 APR 93 33 16 JUL 93 39 13 SEP 93 35 17 DEC 93 37 15 APR 94 39 12 AUG 94 35 16 NOV 94 38 14 DEC 94 40 13 MAR 95 38 12 JUN 95 36 15 OCT 95 29 23 DEC 95 27 13 APR 96 40 13 JUN 96 27 9 SEP 96 32 15 DEC 96 25 11 APR 97 34 10

-4 +10 +31 +29 +35 +7 +25 +25 +18 +23 +9 +6 +17 +19 +22 +33 +25 +17 +26 +18 +22 +27 +19 +24 +27 +26 +21 +6 +15 +27 +18 +17 +14 +24

RAMOS (cont.) JUN 97 42% SEP 97 32 DEC 97 35 JAN 98 33 FEB 98 32 MAR 98 36 APR 98 37 ESTRADA JUL 98 38 SEP 98 31 NOV 98 33 MAR 99 36 JUN 99 31 OCT 99 25 DEC 99 28 MAR 00 27 JUL 00 28 SEP 00 24 OCT 00 20 DEC 00 25 ARROYO JAN 01 27 FEB 01 38 MAR 01 31 JUL 01 28 SEP 01 32 NOV 01 29 MAR 02 26 MAY 02 26 SEP 02 26 NOV 02 32 MAR 03 24 JUN 03 30 SEP 03 29 NOV 03 31 JAN 04 30

9% 15 14 22 17 15 15 12 18 20 19 18 25 22 23 23 28 33 25 23 14 16 22 18 27 21 23 23 19 28 19 21 21 17

+33 +17 +22 +11 +15 +21 +23 +26 +13 +12 +17 +13 0 +6 +4 +5 -5 -13 0 +4 +24 +15 +6 +13 +2 +5 +3 +3 +14 -5 +12 +8 +10 +14

* % OPTIMISTS MINUS % PESSIMISTS

Sources: Social Weather Stations (1986-), DAP (1984), and BBC (1985).

ARROYO (cont.) MAR 04 26% 18% JUN 04 29 23 AUG 04 28 22 DEC 04 25 30 MAR 05 20 34 MAY 05 21 33 AUG 05 26 27 DEC 05 30 23 MAR 06 28 18 JUN 06 27 23 SEP 06 32 14 NOV 06 37 8 FEB 07 32 12 MAR 07 30 13 APR 07 31 10 JUN 07 32 11 SEP 07 32 14 DEC 07 30 16 MAR 08 29 23 JUN 08 24 30 SEP 08 26 17 DEC 08 30 15 FEB 09 32 19 JUN 09 29 12 SEP 09 35 12 DEC 09 33 12 MAR 10 35 9 JUN 10 41 5 BENIGNO AQUINO III SEP 10 38 6 NOV 10 42 7 MAAR11 35 11 JUN 11 36 9 SEP 11 39 9 DEC 11 37 8 DEC 11 29 18 (Survey of PWDs) MAR 12 36 8

+8 +6 +6 -5 -13 -12 0 +6 +10 +3 +17 +29 +20 +17 +20 +22 +18 +14 +6 -6 +9 +16 +14 +17 +24 +21 +26 +36 +32 +35 +24 +27 +30 +29 +11 +28

SWS Survey on Increasing the Participation of People with Disabilities in the 2013 Midterm Elections, Dec 3-7, 2011

SWS MEDIA RELEASE: 17 JULY 2012

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Chart 2 CHANGE IN QUALITY OF LIFE OVER PAST 12 MONTHS, APR 1983 TO MAR 2012
80
MARCOS C. AQUINO RAMOS ESTRADA ARROYO B. AQUINO

60

LOSERS
% of adults
40

(PWDs)

46%

32%
20

24%

18%
GAINERS
0 1983

(PWDs)
1998 2001 2004 2010 2012

1986

1992

Question : Comparing your quality of life these days to how it was 12 months ago, would you say that your quality of life is ... (Better now, Same as before, Worse now) Gainers :"Better now" Losers: "Worse now SWS Survey on Increasing the Participation of People with Disabilities in the 2013 Midterm Elections, Dec 3-7, 2011

Table 2
CHANGE IN QUALITY OF LIFE OVER PAST 12 MONTHS
GAI- LONET NERS SERS GAINERS* MARCOS APR 84 JUL 85 C. AQUINO MAY 86 OCT 86 MAR 87 OCT 87 SEP 88 FEB 89 SEP 89 APR 90 NOV 90 JUL 91 NOV 91 FEB 92 APR 92 RAMOS SEP 92 DEC 92 APR 93 JUL 93 SEP 93 DEC 93 APR 94 AUG 94 NOV 94 DEC 94 MAR 95 JUN 95 OCT 95 DEC 95 APR 96 JUN 96 SEP 96 DEC 96 APR 97 JUN 97 12% 9 27 23 36 23 24 23 22 20 16 14 17 18 19 51% 56 25 32 25 37 32 31 40 38 54 52 44 40 36 -39 -47 +2 -9 +11 -14 -8 -8 -18 -18 -38 -38 -27 -22 -17 GAI- LONET NERS SERS GAINERS* GAI- LONET NERS SERS GAINERS*

22 21 19 18 18 22 22 22 23 24 24 23 17 19 25 19 21 20 27 27

35 34 36 38 42 37 35 37 34 32 33 36 50 40 36 30 40 35 30 30

-13 -13 -17 -20 -24 -15 -13 -15 -11 -8 -9 -13 -33 -21 -11 -11 -19 -15 -3 -2

RAMOS (cont.) SEP 97 26% 38% DEC 97 22 38 JAN 98 17 49 FEB 98 20 44 MAR 98 19 43 APR 98 21 45 ESTRADA JUL 98 21 38 SEP 98 17 45 NOV 98 17 50 MAR 99 20 45 JUN 99 20 40 OCT 99 16 54 DEC 99 14 54 MAR 00 16 48 JUL 00 17 50 SEP 00 15 54 OCT 00 13 56 DEC 00 14 52 ARROYO JAN 01 15 51 MAR 01 17 43 JUL 01 15 50 SEP 01 17 46 NOV 01 14 56 MAR 02 15 52 MAY 02 15 50 SEP 02 13 49 NOV 02 19 43 MAR 03 14 55 JUN 03 19 41 SEP 03 16 45 NOV 03 18 49 JAN 04 17 39 MAR 04 17 44

-12 -16 -32 -23 -23 -24 -17 -29 -33 -25 -20 -38 -40 -32 -33 -39 -44 -39 -36 -26 -35 -30 -43 -36 -35 -36 -24 -41 -22 -29 -31 -22 -27

* % GAINERS MINUS % LOSERS

Sources: Social Weather Stations (1986 ), DAP (1983-1984) and BBC (1985).

ARROYO (cont) JUN 04 19% 40% AUG 04 21 44 DEC 04 19 48 MAR 05 17 49 MAY 05 17 51 AUG 05 21 47 DEC 05 19 44 MAR 06 21 37 JUN 06 16 49 SEP 06 22 36 NOV 06 24 33 FEB 07 21 35 MAR 07 18 40 APR 07 18 43 JUN 07 21 39 SEP 07 19 42 DEC 07 19 45 MAR 08 18 50 JUN 08 12 62 SEP 08 15 47 DEC 08 19 43 FEB 09 19 47 JUN 09 20 43 SEP 09 20 44 DEC 09 20 42 MAR 10 19 38 JUN 10 23 29 B. AQUINO SEP 10 25 27 NOV 10 25 30 MAR 11 23 36 JUN 11 22 33 SEP 11 26 32 DEC 11 22 32 DEC 11 18 46 (Survey of PWDs) MAR 12 25 32

-21 -23 -29 -32 -34 -26 -25 -16 -33 -14 -9 -14 -23 -25 -18 -23 -26 -31 -50 -32 -24 -28 -23 -24 -22 -19 -6 -2 -5 -13 -11 -6 -10 -28 -7

SWS Survey on Increasing the Participation of People with Disabilities in the 2013 Midterm Elections, Dec 3-7, 2011

SWS MEDIA RELEASE: 17 JULY 2012

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Chart 3
EXPECTED CHANGE IN THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PWDs IN THE NEXT 12 MONTHS, BY TYPE OF DISABILITY, DEC 3-7, 2011
Will be Better Same as before Will be worse NET*

Philippines

29

38

18

+11

Ortho impaired Hearing/Speech impaired Visually impaired

31

36

19

+12

28

42

18

+10

25

39

16

+ 8

* Net figures (% Will be better now minus % Will be worse) correctly rounded. Dont Know and Refused responses are not shown. Q. Sa inyong opinyon, ano ang magiging uri ng inyong pamumuhay sa darating na 12 buwan? Masasabi ba ninyo na ang uri ng inyong pamumuhay ay ... BUBUTI, KAPAREHO LANG, SASAMA?

SWS Survey on Increasing the Participation of People with Disabilities in the 2013 Midterm Elections, Dec 3-7, 2011

Chart 4

COMPARING PWDs QUALITY OF LIFE TO THAT OF 12 MONTHS AGO, BY TYPE OF DISABILITY, DEC 3-7, 2011
Better now Same as before Worse now NET*

Philippines

18

36

46

-28

Ortho impaired

16 16

33 38

50 45

-34

Visually impaired Hearing/Speech impaired

-29

21

40

39

-17

Better now minus % Worse now correctly rounded. Dont Know and Refused responses are not shown. Q. Kung ikukumpara ang uri ng inyong kasalukuyang pamumuhay sa nakaraang 12 buwan, masasabi ba ninyo na ang uri ng inyong pamumuhay ay MAS MABUTI NGAYON KAYSA NOON, KAPAREHO NG DATI, MAS MASAMA NGAYON KAYSA NOON?
SWS Survey on Increasing the Participation of People with Disabilities in the 2013 Midterm Elections, Dec 3-7, 2011

SWS MEDIA RELEASE: 17 JULY 2012

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Chart 5
NET PERSONAL OPTIMISTS* BY LOCATION, APR 1984 TO MAR 2012
MARCOS C. AQUINO 60 RAMOS ESTRADA ARROYO B. AQUINO

40

+39 NCR +35 Bal. Luzon +25 (PWDs) +17 Mindanao +17 Visayas +13 +18 (PWDs) (PWDs) -10 (PWDs)

20

-20

-40

1986

1992

1998

2001

2004

2010 2012

* % OPTIMISTS MINUS % PESSIMISTS

Sources: Social Weather Stations (1986-, DAP (1984) and BBC (1985).

SWS Survey on Increasing the Participation of People with Disabilities in the 2013 Midterm Elections, Dec 3-7, 2011

Chart 6
NET OPTIMISTS* BY CLASS, APR 1984 TO MAR 2012
MARCOS
60

C. AQUINO

RAMOS

ESTRADA

ARROYO

B. AQUINO

40

+25 (PWDs) +33 ABC +29 D +24 E +16 (PWDs) 0 (PWDs)

20

-20

1986

1992

1998

2001

2004

2010 2012

* % OPTIMISTS MINUS % PESSIMISTS

Sources: Social Weather Stations (1986-, DAP (1984) and BBC (1985).

SWS Survey on Increasing the Participation of People with Disabilities in the 2013 Midterm Elections, Dec 3-7, 2011

SWS MEDIA RELEASE: 17 JULY 2012

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Chart 7
NET PERSONAL OPTIMISTS* BY AGE GROUP, DEC 2011
18-24 100% 80% 37 6 13 25-34 6 12 35-44 7 12 45-54 12 19 55+ 9 23

60%
40% 20% 0% 43

33

45 40

43

39

35 35

42 39

39

40

32

36

31

37

33

36

23
+27 0

+37 +26
Dec PWDs 2011

+33 +19
Dec PWDs 2011

+30 +19
Dec PWDs 2011

+25 +14
Dec PWDs 2011

Dec PWDs 2011

* % GAINERS MINUS % LOSERS

Sources: Social Weather Stations (1986 ), DAP (1983-1984) and BBC (1985)

SWS Survey on Increasing the Participation of People with Disabilities in the 2013 Midterm Elections, Dec 3-7, 2011

Chart 8 NET PERSONAL OPTIMISTS* BY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT, DEC 2011

100%
80% 60% 40% 20% 0% +22 +7 +22 +8 +34 +18 +25 +31
Dec PWDs 2011 Dec PWDs 2011 Dec PWDs 2011 Dec PWDs 2011

Some elem

Some HS

Some coll.

Coll grad +

19

9 20

15

10

32
47 42 41 35 41 36 29

30

26

31

41 28

52 33

41

* % GAINERS MINUS % LOSERS

Sources: Social Weather Stations (1986 ), DAP (1983-1984) and BBC (1985)

SWS Survey on Increasing the Participation of People with Disabilities in the 2013 Midterm Elections, Dec 3-7, 2011

SWS MEDIA RELEASE: 17 JULY 2012

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Chart 9

Chart 10
NET GAINERS* BY CLASS, APR 1984 TO MAR 2012
MARCOS C. AQUINO 40 RAMOS ESTRADA ARROYO B. AQUINO

20

+15 ABC
0

-20

-7 D -14 E -19 (PWDs) -25 (PWDs) -35 (PWDs)

-40

-60

1986

1992

1998

2001

2004

2010 2012

* % GAINERS MINUS % LOSERS

Sources: Social Weather Stations (1986 ), DAP (1983-1984) and BBC (1985)

SWS Survey on Increasing the Participation of People with Disabilities in the 2013 Midterm Elections, Dec 3-7, 2011

SWS MEDIA RELEASE: 17 JULY 2012

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Chart 11
NET GAINERS* BY AGE GROUP, DEC 2011
100% 80% 60% 29 40% 20% 43 46 42 46 37 37 44 33 18-24 28 25-34 30 35-44 45-54 55+

34

35

31 44

33 46

35

55

46
34

29 +1

24

23

23 -8

19 -26

22

20

18

0%

11

+3

-6 -12
Dec PWDs 2011

-10 -26
Dec PWDs 2011

-16 -45
Dec PWDs 2011

Dec PWDs 2011

Dec PWDs 2011

* % GAINERS MINUS % LOSERS

Sources: Social Weather Stations (1986 ), DAP (1983-1984) and BBC (1985)

SWS Survey on Increasing the Participation of People with Disabilities in the 2013 Midterm Elections, Dec 3-7, 2011