Ateneo Law School Rockwell Center, Makati City

SYLLABUS

TRADEMARK LAW
Atty. Ferdinand M. Negre I. Introduction (4 November 2010) A. Protection of Intellectual Property and the Constitution - Section 13, Article XIV - Section 19, Article XII - Section 6, Article XII Case: ABS-CBN vs. Phil. Multi-Media, G.R. Nos. 175769-70, January 19, 2009 Elidad C. Kho v. CA, et al., G.R. No. 115758. 19 March 2002. B. International Treaties and Covenants on Trademarks Paris Convention on Trademarks - Salient Features 1. National Treatment Principle [Article 2] 2. Right of Priority [Article 4] 3. Protection against Unfair Competition [Article 10bis] 4. Protection of Tradenames [Article 8] 5. Protection of Well-Known Marks [Article 6bis] TRIPS Agreement/WTO Treaty on Trademarks Overview Fundamental Principles, e.g. National Treatment v. Most Favored Nation Principle [Articles 3 and 4] Exhaustion of intellectual property rights [Article 6] Abuse of Intellectual property Rights [Article 8, Paragraph 2] Accession to WTO and TRIPS Compliance [Article 2] Availability, Scope and Use of Trademark Rights [Article 15, paragraph 1] Basis for Application and Publication Requirement [Art. 15 Paras. 3 and 5] Protection of Famous Marks [Art. 16 paras. 2 and 3] Use Requirement [Article 15 Par. 3, Article 19] Licensing Requirements [Article 21] Term of Registration [Article 18] Madrid Protocol: International Registration of Marks C. Laws Governing Trademarks (R.A. No. 166, R.A. No. 8293)

Intellectual Property Code (Parts I, III and V, R.A. No. 8293) Overview Salient Features The Intellectual Property Office of the Philippines

II. Trademarks (11 November 2010) What are trademarks? (Definition, Function and Historical Development) Law: Sections 121-123, R.A. 8293 The Concept of Trademarks; Theories of Trademark Protection Case: Pribhdas J. Mirpuri v. Court of Appeals, et al., G.R. No. 114508, 19 November 1999. A. Kinds of Marks Trademark Tradename Service Mark Collective Mark or Collective Tradename Certification Marks Law: Sec. 121.2, R.A. No. 8293 Trademark vs. Tradename (See Article 8 of the Paris Convention) Cases: Philips Export B.V. v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 96161, 21 Feb. 1992 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha v. CA, G.R. No. 120900, July 20, 2000 Trademark vis--vis Copyright Cases: Childrens Television Workshop v. Touch of Class, Inc., AC-GR SP No. 03423, 15 May 1985 United Feature Syndicate v. Munsingwear Creation Manufacturing Company, G.R. No. 76193, 20 November 1989.

B. What marks are eligible for registration; what marks are not eligible for registration? Bars to Registration: Law: Section 123, R.A. No. 8293 1. Absolute Grounds: Lack of Capacity to Distinguish; Devoid of Distinctiveness 2. Relative Grounds Case: Ethepa v. Director of Patents, 16 SCRA 253 (31 March 1966) Amigo Manufacturing vs. Cluett Peabody Co., Inc., G.R. No. 139300, March 14, 2001 C. Elements of a Suitable Trademark; Classification of Marks

What makes a good trademark? (Distinctiveness Spectrum Approach) Arbitrary or Fanciful; Suggestive; Descriptive; Generic Cases: Abercrombie & Fitch Co. v. Hunting World, Inc. 537 F. 2d 4 (2d Cir. 1976) In the Matter of the Application of Quik-Print Copy Shops, Inc. 616 F. 2d 523 (CCPA 1980) Romero v. Maiden Form Brassiere, 10 SCRA 556 (31 March 1964) Ong Ai Gui v. Director of Patents, 96 Phil. 673 E.I. Dupont de Nemours & Co. v. Yosida International, Inc. 393 F Supp 502, 185 USPQ 597 American Thermos Products Co. v. Aladdin Industries, Inc. 207 F Supp 9, 134 Ang Tibay v. Teodoro, 74 Phil. 50 Lyceum of the Phil. Inc. v. Court of Appeals, et. al., G. R. No. 101897 Pearl & Dean v. Shoemart, et al., G.R. No. 148222, Doctrine of SECONDARY MEANING

Law: Section 123.2, R.A. No. 8293 Cases Arce & Sons v. Selecta Biscuit Co., supra Philippine Nut Industry, Inc. v. Standard Brands, Inc., 65 SCRA 575 (31 July 1975) Compania General de Tobacos v. Alhambra Cigar and Cigarette Co., 33 Phil. 485 (10 February 1916) E. Spinner v. Neuss Husslein Corp., 54 Phil. 224 (31 January 1930)

D. The Trademark Application (Sections 124-133, 144 R.A. 8293) E. Opposition to a published application (Sections 134-135) F. Registration grant and issuance of certificate (Sections 136-139; 145-146) G. Cancellation of Registration (Sections 151-154);