G u id a n c e fo r Ic e a n d C o ld O p e r a tio n s - W in te r is a tio n o f S h ip s w h e n

N a v ig a tin g in C o ld C lim a te s

R o b e rt B rid g e s Lloyd R egister s S M M 2 8 th S e p te m b e r 2 0 0 6

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

T o d a y s p r e s e n ta tio n

T h e d e m a n d s a n d c h a n g e s o f th e s h ip p in g in d u s tr y

O u r r e s p o n s e to th e c h a n g e s - th r e e e le m e n ts

Ic e o p e r a tio n s - ic e c la s s

C o ld o p e r a tio n s - w in te r is a tio n

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

G r o w in g in te r e s t in ic e -c la s s s h ip s
Lloyds List, 2 April 2004

TradeWinds, 12 December 2003

Neste Oils Tempera, first Aframax with Ice Class 1AS, 2002 Tempera,

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

In c r e a s e d in te r e s t in ic e r e la te d tr a d e s
S hipments from North B altic L o w te m p e r a t u r e s /ic e fo r m a t io n d u r in g t h e w in t e r U p to a fr a m a x s iz e S hipments from the Arctic H a r s h c lim a te is a r e a l c h a lle n g e S h u t tle s , v a r io u s s iz e s , u p t o a f r a m a x M u r m a n s k (n o r m a lly ic e fr e e ) tr a n s h ip m e n t s , u p to V L C C s iz e S hipments from R us s ian Far Eas t L o w te m p e r a t u r e s /ic e fo r m a t io n d u r in g th e w in te r L N G c a r r ie r s a n d a fr a m a x s iz e

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

R e s p o n s e to c h a n g e
T h r e e e le m e n ts o f Ic e a n d C o ld O p e r a t io n s

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

Ic e O p e r a tio n s - Ic e C la s s
Id e a l fir s t-y e a r ic e c o n d it io n s b u t t h e r e a lity c o u ld b e w o r s e

W h y d o w e h a v e ic e -c la s s r u le s ? To permit the safe operation of ships in ice-covered sea areas

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

N e w te c h n ic a l c h a lle n g e s
S tructural analys is W id e fr a m e s p a c in g r e q u e s te d E a s e o f m a in t e n a n c e E a s e o f p r o d u c tio n G u id e lin e s d e v e lo p e d b y IA C S a n d F in n is h M a r itim e A d m in is tr a tio n Ice model tes ts L e v e l ic e o r b a s e d o n ic e b r e a k e r a s s is t a n c e (b r a s h ic e ) P e r fo r m a n c e c r ite r ia 5 k n o t s (F in n is h S w e d is h I c e C la s s R u le s )

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

F a tig u e P e r fo r m a n c e - C y c lic lo a d s
Navig ating in ice creates hull loading s which are of cyclic nature

Ic e b r e a k in g B r a s h Ic e

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

S h ip Ic e /S p e e d C u r v e s
v

T h e Ic e P a s s p o r t w a s d e v is e d o v e r 2 5 y e a r s a g o in R u s s ia b y A A R I S im ila r d o c u m e n ts p r o d u c e d b y K r y lo v a n d C N IIM F T o d a y C N IIM F a r e th e a p p r o v e d b o d y w ith in R u s s ia to p r o d u c e th e Ic e C e r tific a te In fo r m a tio n P r o v id e d : S p e e d in ic e

h
22
A tta i n a b l e s p e e d

20 18 16 14 V , kn . 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

S a fe s p e e d ( yi e l d c o n d i ti o n ) S a fe s p e e d ( a l l o w a b l e d e fo r m a ti o n ) S p e e d l i m i t ( yi e l d c o n d i ti o n ) S p e e d l i m i t ( a l l o w a b l e d e fo r m a ti o n )

A tta in a b le s p e e d D is ta n c e to v e s s e l a h e a d R a d iu s o f c u r v a tu r e o f c o u r s e

0.6 h, m

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.1

1.2

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

C o ld O p e r a tio n s - W in te r is a tio n

St abilit y
Icin g (Sp ra y, sn o w , ra in ) Su b -zer o t em p er at u r es

Hu ll mat erials Exp o sed d eck equ ip men t Lif e savin g eq uipmen t

Diver sit y in Req u ir em en t s

Sh ip size an d h u llf o r m

What are the Winterisation Rules?

Ro u t e M ach in er y ar r an g em en t Cr ew m an ag em en t

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L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

T e m p e r a tu r e d e fin itio n

H u ll c o n s tr u c tio n m a te r ia ls Winterisation H(Tx) T x is a n a v e r a g e a ir te m p e r a t u r e

E q u ip m e n t a n d s y s te m s Winterisation A (Ty) Winterisation B (Ty) Winterisation C (Ty) T y is a lo w e s t a ir te m p e r a t u r e

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

F r a m e w o r k o f W in te r is a tio n R u le s
T h r e e le v e ls o f r e q u ir e m e n ts d e p e n d a n t o n e n v ir o n m e n t a l s e v e r it y
Winterisation Level Description Typical External Design Air Temperature deg. C Average (see 1.5.1) Winterisation C(Ty) Mild Down to -10 -31 to -45 -11 to -25 -46 and below -26 and below Lowest (see 1.5.2) Down to -30 Likely Operational Scenario

Short duration transits in low temperatures, e.g. ships loading/discharging in low temperatures then sailing to discharging/loading in warmer regions

Winterisation B(Ty) Moderate Winterisation H(Tx)

Seasonal duration in cold temperatures, e.g. ships operating continuously in low temperatures during the winter months

Winterisation A(Ty) Severe Winterisation H(Tx)

Prolonged duration in extreme low temperatures, e.g. ships operating year round in the Arctic or Antarctic

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

W in te r is a tio n L e v e ls
Optional / separate notations
Route 1 Winterisation C(-20) Route 2 Winterisation B(-35) Winterisation H(-15) Ice Class 1AS Route 3 Winterisation A(-45) Winterisation H(-25) Ice Class AC2

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

F r a m e w o r k o f W in te r is a tio n R u le s
C o m p le m e n t e x is tin g in te r n a t io n a l s t a n d a r d s

Harmonisation of Polar Shipping Rules

LR Winterisation Rules

IMO Polar Code

IACS URs Polar Ships

Environmental Protection EP Ice Class Rules National Administration requirements

Part A Construction Requirements Part B Equipment Part C Operational

UR I1 Polar Class Description and Application UR I2 Structural Requirements UR I3 Machinery requirements

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

K e y F e a tu r e s o f W in te r is a tio n R u le s
D e c k e q u ip m e n t a n d s y s te m s Ice removal equipment (e.g. hoses and manual tools) C overs Thermal insulation and heating arrangements for pipework P rotection of electrical cables B allast tank heating Internal space heating

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

K e y F e a tu r e s o f W in te r is a tio n R u le s
H u ll c o n s tr u c tio n m a te r ia ls
Average external design air temperature -15 deg. C to -19 deg. C MS
Design ballast waterline

Thickness mm

-20 deg. C to 25 deg. C MS A B B D D D D E HT AH AH AH DH DH DH DH EH

-26 deg. C to -35 deg. C MS B D D D D D E E HT AH DH DH DH DH DH EH EH

-36 deg. C to -45 deg. C MS D D D D E E E n/a HT DH DH DH DH EH EH EH FH

-46 deg. C to -55 deg. C MS D D E E E E n/a n/a HT DH DH EH EH EH EH FH FH

HT AH AH AH AH DH DH DH DH

t 10 10 < t 15 15 < t 20 20 < t 25 25 < t 30

A A B B D D D D

Distance for plating and stiffeners attached and contiguous to the exposed boundary plating 0.6m 0.3m

30 < t 35 35 < t 45 45 < t 50

C la s s I

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

Ic in g P r e c a u tio n s a n d C h e c k lis ts

Ic in g p r e c a u t io n s S ta b ility D r a f t/tr im

C h e c k lis t E n s u r e t h a t th e w in te r is a t io n a s p e c ts a r e o p e r a tio n a l C o n fir m t o lo c a l A u t h o r it ie s o r te r m in a l

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

S u m m a ry
L lo y d s R e g is te r is c o m m itte d to :
In v o lv e m e n t in ic e r e la te d p r o je c t s D e v e lo p in g a n d im p le m e n tin g ic e c la s s r u le s a n d r e q u ir e m e n ts P r o v id in g g u id a n c e a n d a d v ic e in ic e a n d c o ld o p e r a tio n s

F o r fu tu r e g e n e r a tio n s o f ic e c la s s e d s h ip s to :
P r o m o t e m a r itim e s a f e ty S a fe g u a r d th e m a r in e e n v ir o n m e n t

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R

For more information, please contact: Robert Bridges R e s e a r c h a n d d e v e lo p m e n t d e p a r tm e n t L lo y d s R e g is te r 7 1 F e n c h u r c h S tr e e t L o nd o n , E C 3M 4B S T + 4 4 (0 )2 0 7 4 2 3 1 4 2 2 F + 4 4 (0 )2 0 7 4 2 3 2 0 6 1 E ro b e r t.b r id g e s @ lr.o rg

T h e L lo y d s R e g is te r G r o u p w o r k s to e n h a n c e s a fe t y a n d a p p r o v e a s s e ts a n d s y s te m s a t s e a , o n la n d a n d in th e a ir b e c a u s e life m a tte r s .

S e r v ic e s a r e p r o v id e d b y m e m b e r s o f th e L lo y d s R e g is te r G r o u p L lo y d s R e g is t e r , L lo y d s R e g is t e r E M E A a n d L lo y d s R e g is te r A s ia a r e e x e m p t c h a r it ie s u n d e r t h e U K C h a r it ie s A c t 1 9 9 3 .

IC E A N D C O L D O P E R A T IO N S
L L O Y D S R E G IS T E R