The word `literature comes from the Latin word `litera which means a written character or a letter.

Early literature was oral, meant to be memorized and recited. Later, literature was written down and read. All cultures and countries have their own literature. There are many forms of literature such as folktales, poetry etc. Philippine literature is the literature associated with the Philippines and includes the legends of prehistory, and the colonial legacy of the Philippines. Most of the notable literature of the Philippineshh was written during the Spanish period and the first half of the 20th century in Spanish language. Philippine literature is written inSpanish, English, Tagalog, and/or other native Philippine languages. Types of prose
1.

2.

3.

4. 5.

6. 7. 8.

9.

10.

A short story is that kind of prose narrative, which length is limited. That kind of prose is probably as old as the literature. Moreover, this form of prose has existed for many years before the same art of writing was invented. Novel is also a kind of prose, which is narrated on a bigger scale. Similar to the short story a novel includes a lot of different kinds and possibilities. Its length is also longer than the length of short story. Fable is a kind of story with an allegorical tale with included some morals or the patterns of behavior. The characters involved in the fable are often animals, which are talking and looking like human beings. They keep their real animal traits. The moral is usually defined as a proverb. Parable is an example of brief narrative, which is met in the Holy Bible. It was designed to explain some religious truths or give a lesson. An essay is a piece of writing which is often written from an author's personal point of view. Essays can consist of a number of elements, including:literary criticism, political manifestos, learned arguments, observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author. Legends are a traditional or undocumented story about famous people, commonly religious in character and frequently posing problems for authenticity. An anecdote is a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person. A biography is a detailed description or account of someone's life. It entails more than basic facts (education, work, relationships, and death), a biography also portrays a subject's experience of these events. News is the communication of selected information on current events which is presented by print, broadcast, Internet, or word of mouth to a third-party or mass audience. Oration is the process of speaking to a group of people in a structured, deliberate manner intended to inform, influence, or entertain the listeners. It is closely allied to "presenting", although the latter has more of a commercial advertisement.

Types of Poetry
1.

Narrative poetry is a form of poetry which tells a story, often making use of the voices of a narrator and characters as well; the entire story is usually written in metered verse. The poems that make up this genre may be short or long, and the story it relates to may be complex. It is usually dramatic, with objectives, diverse characters, and meter. Narrative poems include epics, ballads, metrical tales and metrical romance.

Lyric poetry is a genre of poetry that expresses personal and emotional feelings. 3. Dramatic poetry tells stories like narrative poetry, but in dialogue of play.
2.

5 Important Elements of a Short Story

A short story is a short work of fiction. Fiction, as you know, ais prose writing about imagined events and characters. Prose writing differs from poetry in that it does not depend on verses, meters or rhymes for its organization and presentation. 1. A character is a person, or sometimes even an animal, who takes part in the action of a short story or other literary work. 2. The setting of a short story is the time and place in which it happens. Authors often use descriptions of landscape, scenery, buildings, seasons or weather to provide a strong sense of setting. 3. A plot is a series of events and character actions that relate to the central conflict. 4. The conflict is a struggle between two people or things in a short story. The main character is usually on one side of the central conflict. On the other side, the main character may struggle against another important character, against the forces of nature, against society, or even against something inside himself or herself (feelings, emotions, illness). 5. The theme is the central idea or belief in a short story. Mood vs Tone Tone and Mood are literary elements integrated in literary works. Identifying the tone and mood in literatures is an important clue to discover the literarys theme. Considering how the author creates a tone and mood helps the reader understand and appreciate the authors style.

Tone is a manner, a feeling or atmosphere the author has meant to set in the story, or towards a subject. It can also be considered as the attitude or feeling of the writer towards a subject. The tone can be revealed by the authors choice of words and details. The author may use a negative or positive tone for his work. Some possible adjectives to describe a tone, are seriousness, bitterness, joyful, humorous, amusing, angry, ironic, suspicious, and many more.

The following are some examples of tone in sentences: a. Id rather stay here and wait, than go into that dark room. The sentence above imposes that the person is scared.

Mood is the feeling or atmosphere perceived by the reader. It is the emotions you feel while reading. The mood indicates a prevailing feeling, or frame of mind, especially at the start of the story. It creates a sense of expectation to readers of what is to follow. All the choices for setting, images, objects and details contribute in creating a mood. The following are some examples of mood in sentences: a. The night was dark and stormy. The sentence gives you a scary mood. b. The man kicked and threw the poor cat out of his house. The sentence gives you a feeling of anger, or pity towards the cat. Tone simply refers to how the author feels towards the subject, or towards something. You will know what the authors tone is implying by the words he uses. While mood, refers to the feeling of the atmosphere the author is describing. It is what the author makes you feel when you read his writings. You can read a sentence, and feel sad, happy or angry.